慢慢欣赏linux 查看硬盘情况

一块硬盘两个分区

[root@cliffr Desktop]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0000801d

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cliffr-lv_root: 19.3 GB, 19302187008 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2346 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cliffr-lv_swap: 1644 MB, 1644167168 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 199 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

PC的硬盘一般都挂载在PCI/PCIE总线上

[root@cliffr Desktop]# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 440FX - 82441FX PMC [Natoma] (rev 02)
00:01.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 ISA [Natoma/Triton II]
00:01.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01)	// 支持传统硬盘
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: InnoTek Systemberatung GmbH VirtualBox Graphics Adapter
00:03.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82540EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 02)
00:04.0 System peripheral: InnoTek Systemberatung GmbH VirtualBox Guest Service
00:06.0 USB controller: Apple Inc. KeyLargo/Intrepid USB
00:07.0 Bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI (rev 08)
00:0b.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller
00:0d.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801HM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 02)	// 支持intel的AHCI SATA 硬盘

关键点, 看sys文件系统，可以看到硬件拓扑，可以得知硬盘挂载在哪个硬盘控制器下，挂载在哪个PCI控制器下

[root@cliffr Desktop]# ls /sys/ -lR | grep sda
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Feb  3 09:55 sda -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Feb  3 09:55 sda -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Feb  3 09:55 sda1 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Feb  3 09:55 sda2 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Feb  3 09:55 8:0 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Feb  3 09:55 8:1 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Feb  3 09:55 8:2 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda2
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 0 Feb  3 09:55 sda
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda:
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root    0 Feb  3 09:55 sda1
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root    0 Feb  3 09:55 sda2
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/holders:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/power:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/queue:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/queue/iosched:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1/holders:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1/power:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1/trace:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda2:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda2/holders:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda2/power:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda2/trace:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/slaves:
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/trace:
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Feb  3 09:56 sda2 -> ../../../../pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Feb  3 09:56 sda2 -> ../../../../pci0000:00/0000:00:0d.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sda/sda2
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 0 Feb  3 10:13 sda1	// 说明 00:0d.0上有磁盘 sda1和sda2两个分区
/sys/fs/ext4/sda1:
[root@cliffr Desktop]# 

查看模块

[root@cliffr Desktop]# lsmod
Module                  Size  Used by
nls_utf8                1063  1 
fuse                   56800  0 
vboxvideo               1281  1 
drm                   203461  2 vboxvideo
ipt_MASQUERADE          1822  3 
iptable_nat             5053  1 
nf_nat                 18765  2 ipt_MASQUERADE,iptable_nat
xt_CHECKSUM              947  1 
iptable_mangle          2641  1 
tun                    13699  1 
bridge                 64852  0 
stp                     1589  1 bridge
llc                     4354  2 bridge,stp
vboxsf                 35653  0 
nfsd                  236127  13 
lockd                  61679  1 nfsd
nfs_acl                 2147  1 nfsd
auth_rpcgss            32756  1 nfsd
exportfs                3435  1 nfsd
autofs4                20981  3 
sunrpc                215000  17 nfsd,lockd,nfs_acl,auth_rpcgss
ipt_REJECT              1867  4 
nf_conntrack_ipv4       7694  6 iptable_nat,nf_nat
nf_defrag_ipv4          1039  1 nf_conntrack_ipv4
iptable_filter          2173  1 
ip_tables               9567  3 iptable_nat,iptable_mangle,iptable_filter
ip6t_REJECT             3987  2 
nf_conntrack_ipv6       7207  2 
nf_defrag_ipv6          9873  1 nf_conntrack_ipv6
xt_state                1064  5 
nf_conntrack           65524  6 ipt_MASQUERADE,iptable_nat,nf_nat,nf_conntrack_ipv4,nf_conntrack_ipv6,xt_state
ip6table_filter         2245  1 
ip6_tables             10867  1 ip6table_filter
ipv6                  265153  59 ip6t_REJECT,nf_conntrack_ipv6,nf_defrag_ipv6
uinput                  6244  0 
microcode              12216  0 
sg                     24612  0 
i2c_piix4              11156  0 
i2c_core               25825  2 drm,i2c_piix4
vboxguest             174357  7 vboxsf
e1000                 149778  0 
ext4                  337374  2 
mbcache                 5976  1 ext4
jbd2                   77304  1 ext4
sd_mod                 35435  3 
crc_t10dif              1217  1 sd_mod
sr_mod                 14245  1 
cdrom                  34094  1 sr_mod
ahci                   34377  2 // ahci控制器驱动加载
video                  16720  0 
output                  1805  1 video
pata_acpi               2513  0 
ata_generic             2805  0 
ata_piix               19202  1 	// 传统硬盘驱动加载
dm_mirror              11678  0 
dm_region_hash          9737  1 dm_mirror
dm_log                  8546  2 dm_mirror,dm_region_hash
dm_mod                 67821  8 dm_mirror,dm_log
[root@cliffr Desktop]# 

查看详细打印信息

DMI 2.5 present.
SMBIOS version 2.5 @ 0xFFF60
DMI: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBox 12/01/2006
e820 update range: 0000000000000000 - 0000000000001000 (usable) ==> (reserved)
e820 remove range: 00000000000a0000 - 0000000000100000 (usable)
last_pfn = 0x31ff0 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000
MTRR default type: uncachable
MTRR variable ranges disabled:
x86 PAT enabled: cpu 0, old 0x7040600070406, new 0x7010600070106
CPU MTRRs all blank - virtualized system.
initial memory mapped : 0 - 01000000
init_memory_mapping: 0000000000000000-0000000031ff0000
NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
 0000000000 - 0000200000 page 4k
 0000200000 - 0031e00000 page 2M
 0031e00000 - 0031ff0000 page 4k
kernel direct mapping tables up to 31ff0000 @ 7000-f000
RAMDISK: 3118b000 - 31fdf783
ACPI: RSDP 000e0000 00024 (v02 VBOX  )
ACPI: XSDT 31ff0030 0003C (v01 VBOX   VBOXXSDT 00000001 ASL  00000061)
ACPI: FACP 31ff00f0 000F4 (v04 VBOX   VBOXFACP 00000001 ASL  00000061)
ACPI: DSDT 31ff0480 0210F (v01 VBOX   VBOXBIOS 00000002 INTL 20100528)
ACPI: FACS 31ff0200 00040
ACPI: APIC 31ff0240 0006C (v02 VBOX   VBOXAPIC 00000001 ASL  00000061)
ACPI: SSDT 31ff02b0 001CC (v01 VBOX   VBOXCPUT 00000002 INTL 20100528)
ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000
0MB HIGHMEM available.
799MB LOWMEM available.
  mapped low ram: 0 - 31ff0000
  low ram: 0 - 31ff0000
  node 0 low ram: 00000000 - 31ff0000
  node 0 bootmap 0000b000 - 00011400
(9 early reservations) ==> bootmem [0000000000 - 0031ff0000]
  #0 [0000000000 - 0000001000]   BIOS data page ==> [0000000000 - 0000001000]
  #1 [0000001000 - 0000002000]    EX TRAMPOLINE ==> [0000001000 - 0000002000]
  #2 [0000006000 - 0000007000]       TRAMPOLINE ==> [0000006000 - 0000007000]
  #3 [0000400000 - 0000c51410]    TEXT DATA BSS ==> [0000400000 - 0000c51410]
  #4 [003118b000 - 0031fdf783]          RAMDISK ==> [003118b000 - 0031fdf783]
  #5 [000009f800 - 0000100000]    BIOS reserved ==> [000009f800 - 0000100000]
  #6 [0000c52000 - 0000c5a114]              BRK ==> [0000c52000 - 0000c5a114]
  #7 [0000007000 - 000000b000]          PGTABLE ==> [0000007000 - 000000b000]
  #8 [000000b000 - 0000012000]          BOOTMAP ==> [000000b000 - 0000012000]
found SMP MP-table at [c009fff0] 9fff0
Zone PFN ranges:
  DMA      0x00000001 -> 0x00001000
  Normal   0x00001000 -> 0x00031ff0
  HighMem  0x00031ff0 -> 0x00031ff0
Movable zone start PFN for each node
early_node_map[2] active PFN ranges
    0: 0x00000001 -> 0x0000009f
    0: 0x00000100 -> 0x00031ff0
On node 0 totalpages: 204686
  DMA zone: 32 pages used for memmap
  DMA zone: 0 pages reserved
  DMA zone: 3966 pages, LIFO batch:0
  Normal zone: 1568 pages used for memmap
  Normal zone: 199120 pages, LIFO batch:31
Using APIC driver default
ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x4008
ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000
ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x00] lapic_id[0x00] enabled)
ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x01] lapic_id[0x01] enabled)
ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x02] lapic_id[0x02] enabled)
ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x03] lapic_id[0x03] enabled)
ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x04] address[0xfec00000] gsi_base[0])
IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 4, version 32, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23
ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl)
ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 9 global_irq 9 high level)
ACPI: IRQ0 used by override.
ACPI: IRQ2 used by override.
ACPI: IRQ9 used by override.
Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information
SMP: Allowing 4 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs
nr_irqs_gsi: 24
PM: Registered nosave memory: 000000000009f000 - 00000000000a0000
PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000a0000 - 00000000000f0000
PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000f0000 - 0000000000100000
Allocating PCI resources starting at 32000000 (gap: 32000000:ccc00000)
Booting paravirtualized kernel on bare hardware
NR_CPUS:32 nr_cpumask_bits:32 nr_cpu_ids:4 nr_node_ids:1
PERCPU: Embedded 14 pages/cpu @c1a00000 s35928 r0 d21416 u524288
pcpu-alloc: s35928 r0 d21416 u524288 alloc=1*2097152
pcpu-alloc: [0] 0 1 2 3 
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 203086
Kernel command line: ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_cliffr-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD rd_LVM_LV=vg_cliffr/lv_swap SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16  rd_LVM_LV=vg_cliffr/lv_root  KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet
PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
Enabling fast FPU save and restore... done.
Enabling unmasked SIMD FPU exception support... done.
Initializing CPU#0
Initializing HighMem for node 0 (00000000:00000000)
Memory: 785636k/819136k available (4368k kernel code, 32592k reserved, 2440k data, 508k init, 0k highmem)
virtual kernel memory layout:
    fixmap  : 0xffad5000 - 0xfffff000   (5288 kB)
    pkmap   : 0xff600000 - 0xff800000   (2048 kB)
    vmalloc : 0xf27f0000 - 0xff5fe000   ( 206 MB)
    lowmem  : 0xc0000000 - 0xf1ff0000   ( 799 MB)
      .init : 0xc0aa7000 - 0xc0b26000   ( 508 kB)
      .data : 0xc0844203 - 0xc0aa64e8   (2440 kB)
      .text : 0xc0400000 - 0xc0844203   (4368 kB)
Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...Ok.
Hierarchical RCU implementation.
NR_IRQS:2304 nr_irqs:440
Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
console [tty0] enabled
allocated 4194304 bytes of page_cgroup
please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups
Fast TSC calibration failed
TSC: Unable to calibrate against PIT
TSC: using PMTIMER reference calibration
Detected 1333.347 MHz processor.
Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 2666.69 BogoMIPS (lpj=1333347)
pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
Security Framework initialized
SELinux:  Initializing.
SELinux:  Starting in permissive mode
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
Initializing cgroup subsys ns
Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct
Initializing cgroup subsys memory
Initializing cgroup subsys devices
Initializing cgroup subsys freezer
Initializing cgroup subsys net_cls
Initializing cgroup subsys blkio
Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event
Initializing cgroup subsys net_prio
CPU: Physical Processor ID: 0
CPU: Processor Core ID: 0
mce: CPU supports 0 MCE banks
ACPI: Core revision 20090903
Enabling APIC mode:  Flat.  Using 1 I/O APICs
..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=-1 pin2=-1
CPU0: Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU  Z3735F @ 1.33GHz stepping 08
Performance Events: unsupported p6 CPU model 55 no PMU driver, software events only.
Booting Node   0, Processors  #1
Initializing CPU#1
mce: CPU supports 0 MCE banks
 #2
Initializing CPU#2
mce: CPU supports 0 MCE banks
 #3 Ok.
Initializing CPU#3
mce: CPU supports 0 MCE banks
Brought up 4 CPUs
Total of 4 processors activated (10666.77 BogoMIPS).
sizeof(vma)=100 bytes
sizeof(page)=32 bytes
sizeof(inode)=352 bytes
sizeof(dentry)=132 bytes
sizeof(ext3inode)=508 bytes
sizeof(buffer_head)=56 bytes
sizeof(skbuff)=184 bytes
sizeof(task_struct)=1348 bytes
devtmpfs: initialized
regulator: core version 0.5
NET: Registered protocol family 16
ACPI: bus type pci registered
PCI: PCI BIOS revision 2.10 entry at 0xfda26, last bus=0
PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access
bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
ACPI: EC: Look up EC in DSDT
ACPI: Executed 1 blocks of module-level executable AML code
ACPI: Interpreter enabled
ACPI: (supports S0 S5)
ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing
ACPI: No dock devices found.
HEST: Table not found.
PCI: Ignoring host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=use_crs" and report a bug
ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-ff])
pci_root PNP0A03:00: host bridge window [io  0x0000-0x0cf7] (ignored)
pci_root PNP0A03:00: host bridge window [io  0x0d00-0xffff] (ignored)
pci_root PNP0A03:00: host bridge window [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff] (ignored)
pci_root PNP0A03:00: host bridge window [mem 0x32000000-0xffdfffff] (ignored)
pci 0000:00:01.1: reg 20: [io  0xd000-0xd00f]
pci 0000:00:02.0: reg 10: [mem 0xe0000000-0xe0ffffff pref]
pci 0000:00:03.0: reg 10: [mem 0xf0000000-0xf001ffff]
pci 0000:00:03.0: reg 18: [io  0xd010-0xd017]
pci 0000:00:04.0: reg 10: [io  0xd020-0xd03f]
pci 0000:00:04.0: reg 14: [mem 0xf0400000-0xf07fffff]
pci 0000:00:04.0: reg 18: [mem 0xf0800000-0xf0803fff pref]
pci 0000:00:06.0: reg 10: [mem 0xf0804000-0xf0804fff]
pci 0000:00:07.0: quirk: [io  0x4000-0x403f] claimed by PIIX4 ACPI
pci 0000:00:07.0: quirk: [io  0x4100-0x410f] claimed by PIIX4 SMB
pci 0000:00:0b.0: reg 10: [mem 0xf0805000-0xf0805fff]
pci 0000:00:0d.0: reg 10: [io  0xd040-0xd047]
pci 0000:00:0d.0: reg 18: [io  0xd050-0xd057]
pci 0000:00:0d.0: reg 20: [io  0xd060-0xd06f]
pci 0000:00:0d.0: reg 24: [mem 0xf0806000-0xf0807fff]
pci_bus 0000:00: on NUMA node 0
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs 5 9 10 *11)
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs 5 9 10 *11)
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs 5 9 *10 11)
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs 5 *9 10 11)
vgaarb: device added: PCI:0000:00:02.0,decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none
vgaarb: loaded
vgaarb: bridge control possible 0000:00:02.0
SCSI subsystem initialized
libata version 3.00 loaded.
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
usbcore: registered new device driver usb
PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing
PCI: old code would have set cacheline size to 32 bytes, but clflush_size = 64
PCI: pci_cache_line_size set to 64 bytes
NetLabel: Initializing
NetLabel:  domain hash size = 128
NetLabel:  protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4
NetLabel:  unlabeled traffic allowed by default
Switching to clocksource jiffies
pnp: PnP ACPI init
ACPI: bus type pnp registered
pnp 00:00: [io  0x0cf8-0x0cff]
pnp 00:00: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0a03 (active)
pnp 00:01: [io  0x0060]
pnp 00:01: [io  0x0064]
pnp 00:01: [irq 1]
pnp 00:01: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0303 (active)
pnp 00:02: [io  0x0000-0x000f]
pnp 00:02: [io  0x0080-0x008f]
pnp 00:02: [io  0x00c0-0x00df]
pnp 00:02: [dma 4]
pnp 00:02: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0200 (active)
pnp 00:03: [irq 12]
pnp 00:03: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0f03 (active)
pnp: PnP ACPI: found 4 devices
ACPI: ACPI bus type pnp unregistered
Switching to clocksource acpi_pm
PCI: max bus depth: 0 pci_try_num: 1
pci_bus 0000:00: resource 0 [io  0x0000-0xffff]
pci_bus 0000:00: resource 1 [mem 0x00000000-0xfffffffff]
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 131072 bind 65536)
TCP reno registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
pci 0000:00:00.0: Limiting direct PCI/PCI transfers
pci 0000:00:01.0: Activating ISA DMA hang workarounds
pci 0000:00:02.0: Boot video device
  alloc irq_desc for 22 on node -1
  alloc kstat_irqs on node -1
pci 0000:00:06.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 22 (level, low) -> IRQ 22
pci 0000:00:06.0: PCI INT A disabled
  alloc irq_desc for 19 on node -1
  alloc kstat_irqs on node -1
pci 0000:00:0b.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19
pci 0000:00:0b.0: PCI INT A disabled
Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs...
hrtimer: interrupt took 3742740 ns
Freeing initrd memory: 14673k freed
platform rtc_cmos: registered platform RTC device (no PNP device found)
apm: BIOS version 1.2 Flags 0x03 (Driver version 1.16ac)
apm: disabled - APM is not SMP safe.
audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled)
type=2000 audit(1612317351.164:1): initialized
HugeTLB registered 2 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.2
Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
msgmni has been set to 1564
SELinux:  Registering netfilter hooks
alg: No test for stdrng (krng)
ksign: Installing public key data
Loading keyring
- Added public key 5567FC966F834B81
- User ID: Red Hat, Inc. (Kernel Module GPG key)
- Added public key D4A26C9CCD09BEDA
- User ID: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Driver Update Program <secalert@redhat.com>
Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 252)
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
pciehp: PCI Express Hot Plug Controller Driver version: 0.4
acpiphp: ACPI Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.5
ACPI: AC Adapter [AC] (off-line)
input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input0
ACPI: Power Button [PWRF]
input: Sleep Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSLPBN:00/input/input1
ACPI: Sleep Button [SLPF]
ACPI: acpi_idle registered with cpuidle
ERST: Table is not found!
GHES: HEST is not enabled!
isapnp: Scanning for PnP cards...
ACPI: Battery Slot [BAT0] (battery present)
isapnp: No Plug & Play device found
Non-volatile memory driver v1.3
Linux agpgart interface v0.103
crash memory driver: version 1.1
Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
brd: module loaded
loop: module loaded
input: Macintosh mouse button emulation as /devices/virtual/input/input2
Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
ehci_hcd 0000:00:0b.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19
ehci_hcd 0000:00:0b.0: setting latency timer to 64
ehci_hcd 0000:00:0b.0: EHCI Host Controller
ehci_hcd 0000:00:0b.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
ehci_hcd 0000:00:0b.0: irq 19, io mem 0xf0805000
ehci_hcd 0000:00:0b.0: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002
usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
usb usb1: Product: EHCI Host Controller
usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.i686 ehci_hcd
usb usb1: SerialNumber: 0000:00:0b.0
usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 1-0:1.0: 12 ports detected
ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
ohci_hcd 0000:00:06.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 22 (level, low) -> IRQ 22
ohci_hcd 0000:00:06.0: setting latency timer to 64
ohci_hcd 0000:00:06.0: OHCI Host Controller
ohci_hcd 0000:00:06.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
ohci_hcd 0000:00:06.0: irq 22, io mem 0xf0804000
usb usb2: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0001
usb usb2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
usb usb2: Product: OHCI Host Controller
usb usb2: Manufacturer: Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.i686 ohci_hcd
usb usb2: SerialNumber: 0000:00:06.0
usb usb2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 2-0:1.0: 12 ports detected
uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver
PNP: PS/2 Controller [PNP0303:PS2K,PNP0f03:PS2M] at 0x60,0x64 irq 1,12
serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1
serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0
rtc0: alarms up to one day, 114 bytes nvram
cpuidle: using governor ladder
cpuidle: using governor menu
EFI Variables Facility v0.08 2004-May-17
input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard as /devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input3
psmouse serio1: ID: 10 00 64
usbcore: registered new interface driver hiddev
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
usbhid: v2.6:USB HID core driver
TCP cubic registered
Initializing XFRM netlink socket
NET: Registered protocol family 17
Using IPI No-Shortcut mode
registered taskstats version 1
rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: setting system clock to 2021-02-03 01:55:52 UTC (1612317352)
Initalizing network drop monitor service
Freeing unused kernel memory: 508k freed
Write protecting the kernel text: 4372k
Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 1872k
input: ImExPS/2 Generic Explorer Mouse as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input4
dracut: dracut-004-283.el6
dracut: rd_NO_LUKS: removing cryptoluks activation
device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3
device-mapper: ioctl: 4.22.6-ioctl (2011-10-19) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
udev: starting version 147
dracut: Starting plymouth daemon
dracut: rd_NO_DM: removing DM RAID activation
dracut: rd_NO_MD: removing MD RAID activation
ata_piix 0000:00:01.1: version 2.13
ata_piix 0000:00:01.1: setting latency timer to 64
scsi0 : ata_piix
scsi1 : ata_piix
ata1: PATA max UDMA/33 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 bmdma 0xd000 irq 14	// 2个传统硬盘控制器接口
ata2: PATA max UDMA/33 cmd 0x170 ctl 0x376 bmdma 0xd008 irq 15
ata2.00: ATAPI: VBOX CD-ROM, 1.0, max UDMA/133
ata2.00: configured for UDMA/33
scsi 1:0:0:0: CD-ROM            VBOX     CD-ROM           1.0  PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
input: Video Bus as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0A03:00/LNXVIDEO:00/input/input5
ACPI: Video Device [GFX0] (multi-head: yes  rom: no  post: no)
ahci 0000:00:0d.0: version 3.0
  alloc irq_desc for 21 on node -1
  alloc kstat_irqs on node -1
ahci 0000:00:0d.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 21 (level, low) -> IRQ 21	// 1个AHCI硬盘控制器接口
ahci: SSS flag set, parallel bus scan disabled
ahci 0000:00:0d.0: AHCI 0001.0100 32 slots 1 ports 3 Gbps 0x1 impl SATA mode
ahci 0000:00:0d.0: flags: 64bit ncq stag only ccc 
ahci 0000:00:0d.0: setting latency timer to 64
scsi2 : ahci
ata3: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m8192@0xf0806000 port 0xf0806100 irq 21
Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 1333.333 MHz.
Switching to clocksource tsc
ata3: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
ata3.00: ATA-6: VBOX HARDDISK, 1.0, max UDMA/133
ata3.00: 41943040 sectors, multi 128: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32)	// AHCI控制器有硬盘
ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133
scsi 2:0:0:0: Direct-Access     ATA      VBOX HARDDISK    1.0  PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
sr0: scsi3-mmc drive: 32x/32x xa/form2 tray
Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20
sr 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0
sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] 41943040 512-byte logical blocks: (21.4 GB/20.0 GiB)
sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
 sda: sda1 sda2	// 识别2个分区
sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
dracut: Scanning devices sda2  for LVM logical volumes vg_cliffr/lv_swap vg_cliffr/lv_root 
dracut: inactive '/dev/vg_cliffr/lv_root' [17.98 GiB] inherit
dracut: inactive '/dev/vg_cliffr/lv_swap' [1.53 GiB] inherit
EXT4-fs (dm-0): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: 
dracut: Mounted root filesystem /dev/mapper/vg_cliffr-lv_root
dracut: Loading SELinux policy
type=1404 audit(1612317356.081:2): enforcing=1 old_enforcing=0 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295
SELinux: 2048 avtab hash slots, 250818 rules.
SELinux: 2048 avtab hash slots, 250818 rules.
SELinux:  9 users, 12 roles, 3761 types, 187 bools, 1 sens, 1024 cats
SELinux:  81 classes, 250818 rules
SELinux:  Completing initialization.
SELinux:  Setting up existing superblocks.
SELinux: initialized (dev dm-0, type ext4), uses xattr
SELinux: initialized (dev tmpfs, type tmpfs), uses transition SIDs
SELinux: initialized (dev usbfs, type usbfs), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev selinuxfs, type selinuxfs), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev mqueue, type mqueue), uses transition SIDs
SELinux: initialized (dev hugetlbfs, type hugetlbfs), uses transition SIDs
SELinux: initialized (dev devpts, type devpts), uses transition SIDs
SELinux: initialized (dev inotifyfs, type inotifyfs), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev anon_inodefs, type anon_inodefs), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev pipefs, type pipefs), uses task SIDs
SELinux: initialized (dev debugfs, type debugfs), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev sockfs, type sockfs), uses task SIDs
SELinux: initialized (dev devtmpfs, type devtmpfs), uses transition SIDs
SELinux: initialized (dev tmpfs, type tmpfs), uses transition SIDs
SELinux: initialized (dev proc, type proc), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev bdev, type bdev), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev rootfs, type rootfs), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev sysfs, type sysfs), uses genfs_contexts
type=1403 audit(1612317358.258:3): policy loaded auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295
dracut: 
dracut: Switching root
readahead: starting
udev: starting version 147
e1000: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - version 7.3.21-k8-NAPI
e1000: Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Intel Corporation.
e1000 0000:00:03.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19
e1000 0000:00:03.0: setting latency timer to 64
e1000 0000:00:03.0: eth0: (PCI:33MHz:32-bit) 08:00:27:28:74:1b
e1000 0000:00:03.0: eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection
  alloc irq_desc for 20 on node -1
  alloc kstat_irqs on node -1
pci 0000:00:04.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 20 (level, low) -> IRQ 20
vboxguest: major 0, IRQ 20, I/O port d020, MMIO at 00000000f0400000 (size 0x400000)
vboxguest: Successfully loaded version 4.0.18 (interface 0x00010004)
piix4_smbus 0000:00:07.0: SMBus Host Controller at 0x4100, revision 0
sr 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 5
sd 2:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0
microcode: CPU0 sig=0x30678, pf=0x8, revision=0x0
platform microcode: firmware: requesting intel-ucode/06-37-08
microcode: CPU1 sig=0x30678, pf=0x8, revision=0x0
platform microcode: firmware: requesting intel-ucode/06-37-08
microcode: CPU2 sig=0x30678, pf=0x8, revision=0x0
platform microcode: firmware: requesting intel-ucode/06-37-08
microcode: CPU3 sig=0x30678, pf=0x8, revision=0x0
platform microcode: firmware: requesting intel-ucode/06-37-08
Microcode Update Driver: v2.00 <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>, Peter Oruba
EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: 
SELinux: initialized (dev sda1, type ext4), uses xattr
Adding 1605624k swap on /dev/mapper/vg_cliffr-lv_swap.  Priority:-1 extents:1 across:1605624k 
SELinux: initialized (dev binfmt_misc, type binfmt_misc), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev cgroup, type cgroup), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev cgroup, type cgroup), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev cgroup, type cgroup), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev cgroup, type cgroup), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev cgroup, type cgroup), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev cgroup, type cgroup), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev cgroup, type cgroup), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev cgroup, type cgroup), uses genfs_contexts
NET: Registered protocol family 10
lo: Disabled Privacy Extensions
ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (12520 buckets, 50080 max)
ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
e1000: eth0 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: RX
RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
RPC: Registered udp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
SELinux: initialized (dev rpc_pipefs, type rpc_pipefs), uses genfs_contexts
eth0: no IPv6 routers present
SELinux: initialized (dev autofs, type autofs), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev autofs, type autofs), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev autofs, type autofs), uses genfs_contexts
Installing knfsd (copyright (C) 1996 okir@monad.swb.de).
SELinux: initialized (dev nfsd, type nfsd), uses genfs_contexts
NFSD: Using /var/lib/nfs/v4recovery as the NFSv4 state recovery directory
NFSD: starting 90-second grace period
vboxsf: Successfully loaded version 4.0.18 (interface 0x00010004)
Bridge firewalling registered
tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6
tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com>
device virbr0-nic entered promiscuous mode
virbr0: starting userspace STP failed, starting kernel STP
SELinux: initialized (dev mqueue, type mqueue), uses transition SIDs
SELinux: initialized (dev proc, type proc), uses genfs_contexts
SELinux: initialized (dev mqueue, type mqueue), uses transition SIDs
lo: Disabled Privacy Extensions
SELinux: initialized (dev proc, type proc), uses genfs_contexts
[drm] Initialized drm 1.1.0 20060810
  alloc irq_desc for 18 on node -1
  alloc kstat_irqs on node -1
pci 0000:00:02.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18
pci 0000:00:02.0: setting latency timer to 64
[drm] Supports vblank timestamp caching Rev 1 (10.10.2010).
[drm] No driver support for vblank timestamp query.
[drm] Initialized vboxvideo 1.0.0 20090303 for 0000:00:02.0 on minor 0
fuse init (API version 7.13)
ISO 9660 Extensions: Microsoft Joliet Level 3
ISO 9660 Extensions: RRIP_1991A
SELinux: initialized (dev sr0, type iso9660), uses genfs_contexts
[root@cliffr Desktop]#