响应数据

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-09 12:34:05 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-09 12:34:05 发布

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分类专栏： springMVC

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/shiqinghuan/article/details/107470543

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@ResponseBody

作用： 
	 该注解用于将 Controller 的方法返回的对象，
	通过 HttpMessageConverter 接口转换为指定格式的 数据如：
			json,xml 等，通过 Response 响应给客户端 
需求： 
	 使用@ResponseBody 注解实现将 controller 方法返回对象转换为 json 响应给客户端。 
	 前置知识点：  Springmvc 默认用 MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter 对 json 数据进行转换，
	 需要加入 jackson 的包。

前面是一些配置正文在中间位置
User:

public class User implements Serializable {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Integer age;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

web.xml:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>


  <!--配置解决中文乱码的过滤器，需要放在servlet前-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/ *</url-pattern>
    </*因为这里/*会注释显示后面内容  所以分隔了  实际中间没有空格*/>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!--配置前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <!--servlet-name:用来定义servlet的名称，该名称在整个应用中必须是惟一的。-->
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <!--servlet-class:用来指定servlet的完全限定的名称。 -->
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

    <!--
     init-param: 与<context-param>元素具有相同的元素描述符，可以使用<init-param>子元素将初始化参数名和参数值传递给Servlet，
    -->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>

    <!--启动容器时，初始化Servlet。-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

springmvc.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.benti"/>

    <!--视图解析器：帮助我们跳转到/WEB-INF/pages/xxx.jsp  -->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--表示文件所在目录-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
        <!--表示文件后缀名是什么-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

<!--    前端控制器，哪些静态资源不拦截
        location:指定的目录不要拦截，直接请求，
        mapping:指在js目录下的所有文件(**代表所有文件)
        这里是放出了js目录下的jQuery文件
-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" />

    <!--开启springMVC框架注解支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    
</beans>

success.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<%--                                                            是否忽略EL表达式                   --%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>执行成功跳转页面</h3>
    ${user.username}
    ${user.password}
    ${user.age}
</body>
</html>

index.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h3>重定向过来的</h3>

</body>
</html>

正文开始

UserController：

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    /**
     * 返回值为字符串
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testString")
    public String testString(Model model) {
        System.out.println("testString方法执行了");
        //模拟从数据库中查询出User对象
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("清欢");
        user.setPassword("123");
        user.setAge(25);
        //model存对象
        model.addAttribute("user",user);
        return "success";
    }
}

response.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="user/testString">返回String</a>
</body>
</html>

结果：页面显示

执行成功跳转页面
清欢 123 25

UserController：

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
   /**
     * 返回值是void
     *请求转发一次请求，不用编写项目名称
     *
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testVoid")
    //没有返回值得时候  默认请求值为：/WEB-INF/pages/user/testVoid.jsp
    public void testVoid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
        System.out.println("testVoid方法执行了");
        //1.编写请求转发的程序
        //request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp").forward(request,response);

        //2.重定向
       //response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");

        //3.直接会进行响应
                //先设置中文乱码
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        response.getWriter().print("你好");

        return;
    }
}

response.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
   <a href="user/testVoid">返回Void</a>
</body>
</html>

结果：跳转到http://localhost:8080/user/testVoid 页面显示

你好

UserController：

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
     /**
     * 返回ModelAndView
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testModelAndView")
    public ModelAndView testModelAndView() {
        //创建ModelAndView对象
        ModelAndView mv =  new ModelAndView();

        System.out.println("testModelAndView方法执行了");
        //模拟从数据库中查询出User对象
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("本体y");
        user.setPassword("456");
        user.setAge(23);
        //把user对象存储到mv对象中，也会把user对象存储到request对象中
        mv.addObject("user",user);
        //跳转到哪个页面(使用了视图解析器)
        mv.setViewName("success");

        return mv;
    }
}

response.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
     <a href="user/testModelAndView">返回ModelAndView</a>
</body>
</html>

结果：页面显示

执行成功跳转页面
本体y 456 23

UserController：

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
     /**
     * 使用关键字的方式进行转发(forward)或者重定向(redirect)
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testForwardOrRedirect")
    public String testForwardOrRedirect() {
        System.out.println("testForwardOrRedirect方法执行了");

        //请求转发
        //return "forward:/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp";
        //重定向
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }
}

response.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
     <a href="user/testForwardOrRedirect">转发或重定向的方式</a>
</body>
</html>

结果：跳转到 http://localhost:8080/index.jsp 页面显示

重定向过来的

response.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
     <a href="user/testModelAndView">返回ModelAndView</a>
</body>
</html>

结果：页面显示

执行成功跳转页面
本体y 456 23

UserController：

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
     /**
     * 模拟异步请求响应
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testAjax")
    //@RequestBody:获取请求体内容,转成对象
    //@ResponseBody:将java对象转为json格式的数据。
    @ResponseBody
    public  User testAjax(@RequestBody User user /*String body*/) {
        System.out.println("testAjax方法执行了");
//        System.out.println(body);
        //客户端发送的ajax的请求，传的是json字符串，后端把json字符串封装到user对象中
        System.out.println(user);
        //做响应，模拟查询数据
        user.setUsername("陈潇");
        user.setAge(20);
        //做响应
        return user;
    }
}

response.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-3.4.1.min.js"></script>
<script>
        //页面加载，绑定单击事件
        $(function () {
            $("#btn").click(function () {
                //alert("hello btn");
                //发送ajax请求
                $.ajax({
                   //编写json格式，设置属性和值
                   url:"user/testAjax",
                   contentType:"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
                   data:'{"username":"彦","password":"789","age":"30"}',
                   dataType:"json",
                   type:"post",
                   success:function (data) {
                        //data：服务器端响应的json的数据，进行解析
                       alert(data);
                       alert(data.username);
                       alert(data.password);
                       alert(data.age);
                   }
                });
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <button id="btn">发送ajax的请求</button>
</body>
</html>

结果：页面弹窗依次：

[object Object]
陈潇
789
20

控制台输出

testAjax方法执行了
User{username='彦', password='789', age=30}

pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>cn.benti</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc_day02_01response</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc_day02_01response Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>


  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

    <!-- 版本锁定 -->
    <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc_day02_01response</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

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响应数据

前面是一些配置正文在中间位置User:public class User implements Serializable { private String username; private String password; private Integer age; public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String user
复制链接

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