Spring+JMS+ActiveMQ+Tomcat实现消息服务

基于Spring+JMS+ActiveMQ+Tomcat，我使用的版本情况如下所示：

• Spring 2.5
• ActiveMQ 5.4.0
• Tomcat 6.0.30

下面通过学习与配置，实现消息服务的基本功能：发送与接收。Spring对JMS提供了很好的支持，可以通过JmsTemplate来方便地实现消息服务。这里，我们的消息服务不涉及事务管理。下面简单说明实现过程：

先看一下，我们最终的Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml的内容，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core.xsd"> <bean id="listenerContainer" class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer"> <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"></property> <property name="destination" ref="messageQueue"></property> <property name="messageListener" ref="receiveMessageListener"></property> </bean> <bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean"> <property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/myJMS/ConnectionFactory"></property> </bean> <bean id="messageQueue" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean"> <property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/myJMS/MessageQueue"></property> </bean> <bean id="receiveMessageListener" class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.ReceiveMessageListener"></bean> <bean id="messageSender" class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.MessageSender"> <property name="jmsTemplate" ref="jmsTemplate"></property> </bean> <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate"> <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"></property> <property name="defaultDestination" ref="messageQueue"></property> </bean> <bean id="sendMessageController" class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.SendMessageController"> <property name="messageSender" ref="messageSender" /> <property name="successView" value="/success" /> </bean> <bean id="urlMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> <property name="mappings"> <props> <prop key="/sendMessage.do">sendMessageController</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="rc" /> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>

我们使用Spring的org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer来收集消息，通过设置一个消息监听器，具体实现类为org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.ReceiveMessageListener，代码如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.Message; import javax.jms.MessageListener; import javax.jms.TextMessage; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; public class ReceiveMessageListener implements MessageListener { private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(ReceiveMessageListener.class); public void onMessage(Message message) { if (message instanceof TextMessage) { TextMessage text = (TextMessage) message; try { LOG.info("Received message:" + text.getText()); } catch (JMSException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }

上面，对发送的消息进行监听，并接收处理，我们只是简单地打印出一条日志内容。

对于listenerContainer，还需要注入连接工厂connectionFactory和消息目的destination这两个属性：connectionFactory我们使用ActiveMQ的org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory，并通过JNDI服务，绑定到名字java:comp/env/myJMS/ConnectionFactory上；而destination属性通过使用ActiveMQ的org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue消息队列，也是通过JNDI服务绑定到名字java:comp/env/myJMS/MessageQueue上。所以，在Tomcat的conf/context.xml中的<Context>元素里面加上如下配置：

<Resource name="myJMS/ConnectionFactory" auth="Container" type="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory" description="JMS Connection Factory" factory="org.apache.activemq.jndi.JNDIReferenceFactory" brokerURL="vm://shirdrnUrl" brokerName="MyActiveMQBroker"/> <Resource name="myJMS/MessageQueue" auth="Container" type="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue" description="My Message Queue" factory="org.apache.activemq.jndi.JNDIReferenceFactory" physicalName="MyMessageQueue"/>

我们通过使用JmsTemplate来实现消息的发送，所以实现的发送类要将JmsTemplate注入进去，实现代码如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.Message; import javax.jms.Session; import javax.jms.TextMessage; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate; import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator; public class MessageSender { private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(MessageSender.class); private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate; public void setJmsTemplate(JmsTemplate jmsTemplate) { this.jmsTemplate = jmsTemplate; } public void sendMessage(final String message) { LOG.info("Send message: " + message); jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() { public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException { TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage(message); return textMessage; } }); } }

上面基于Spring的MessageCreator来创建消息，通过调用JmsTemplate的send方法发送出去。

对于Web，我们使用了Spring MVC，通过实现一个控制器org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.SendMessageController来控制页面消息的发送及其视图的派发。我们实现的SendMessageController类继承自MultiActionController，可以在一个控制器中实现多个Action，代码实现如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController; public class SendMessageController extends MultiActionController { private String successView; private MessageSender messageSender; public ModelAndView sendMessage(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { Map<String, Object> retMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(); String message = request.getParameter("message"); messageSender.sendMessage(message); return new ModelAndView(successView, retMap); } public String getSuccessView() { return successView; } public void setSuccessView(String successView) { this.successView = successView; } public MessageSender getMessageSender() { return messageSender; } public void setMessageSender(MessageSender messageSender) { this.messageSender = messageSender; } }

上面调用模型层（Model）的MessageSender来实现发送消息的处理逻辑，如果发送成功，视图派发到successView指定的页面。可以看到，最前面我们给出的Spring配置内容分为三组，最后一组是对控制器的配置：

viewResolver                     视图解析器配置，可以将控制器中指定前缀（/）解析为后缀是.jsp的页面，例如/success解析为/sucess.jsp

urlMapping                         请求URL与控制器的映射，例如对于满足/sendMessage.do模式的请求，都会被指派给sendMessageController去处理

sendMessageController      控制器实现类，里面的方法名称可以自定义，但要在org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping中的mappings属性中配置映射

然后，我们需要一个web部署描述文件，web.xml文件配置内容，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:org/shirdrn/spring/jms/integration/applicationContext.xml </param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>controller</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:org/shirdrn/spring/jms/integration/applicationContext.xml </param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>controller</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>

另外，我们还要实现一个页面，提供输入发送消息的表单，提交后交给后台处理，成功发送后跳转到一个成功页面。表单输入页面为index.jsp，如下所示：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" mce_href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <div align="center" style="width: 500px; height: 300px; border:2px; borderColor:black"> <form action="sendMessage.do" method="post"> <table align="center"> <tr> <th colspan="2"> 消息发送控制台 </th> </tr> <tr> <td> 消息内容： </td> <td> <input type="text" name="message"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"> <input type="reset" value="清除">      <input type="submit" value="发送"> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </div> </body> </html>

成功页面为success.jsp，就是给一个成功的提示信息，如下所示：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" mce_href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <div align="center" style="width: 500px; height: 300px; border:2px; borderColor:black"> <form action="sendMessage.do" method="post"> <table align="center"> <tr> <th colspan="2"> 消息发送报告 </th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> 状态：发送成功 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"> <a href="index.jsp" mce_href="index.jsp">返回</a> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </div> </body> </html>

至此，我们可以将实现的简单web工程发布到Tomcat容器，然后启动Tomcat服务器，通过页面可以发送消息，并通过日志查看，实际消息发送和接收的情况。