java tomcat jms_基于Tomcat + JNDI + ActiveMQ实现JMS的点对点消息传送

前言

写了一个简单的JMS例子，之所以使用JNDI 是出于通用性考虑，该例子使用JMS规范提供的通用接口，没有使用具体JMS提供者的接口，这样可以保证我们编写的程序适用于任何一种JMS实现(ActiveMQ、HornetQ...)。

什么是JNDI

JNDI(Java Naming and Directory Interface)是一个标准规范，类似于JDBC，JMS等规范，为开发人员提供了查找和访问各种命名和目录服务的通用、统一的接口。J2EE 规范要求所有 J2EE 容器都要提供 JNDI 规范的实现，因此Tomcat就实现了JNDI 规范。

使用Tomcat配置JNDI

找到Tomcat安装路径下的conf文件夹，打开context.xml，添加如下配置：

启动ActiveMQ

CMD到ActiveMQ安装路径下的bin目录，输入“activemq start”指令即可启动，可在浏览器中输入地址http://localhost:8161/admin，查看队列、话题等信息。

编写一个Web工程

eclipse上新建web工程，添加ActiveMQ依赖的jar包，然后开始编写两个Servlet，一个用于生产消息，另一个用于消费消息，如下代码：

消息生产者Servlet：

importjava.io.IOException;importjava.io.PrintWriter;importjavax.jms.DeliveryMode;importjavax.jms.Queue;importjavax.jms.QueueConnection;importjavax.jms.QueueConnectionFactory;importjavax.jms.QueueSender;importjavax.jms.QueueSession;importjavax.jms.Session;importjavax.jms.TextMessage;importjavax.naming.InitialContext;importjavax.servlet.ServletException;importjavax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;/*** Servlet implementation class JMSTest*/@WebServlet("/Send")public class Send extendsHttpServlet {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;/***@seeHttpServlet#HttpServlet()*/

publicSend() {super();//TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

}/***@seeHttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse

* response)*/

protected voiddoGet(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response)throwsServletException, IOException {

PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();try{//get the initial context

InitialContext context = newInitialContext();//lookup the queue object

Queue queue = (Queue) context.lookup("java:comp/env/queue/queue0");//lookup the queue connection factory

QueueConnectionFactory conFactory =(QueueConnectionFactory) context

.lookup("java:comp/env/queue/connectionFactory");//create a queue connection

QueueConnection queConn =conFactory.createQueueConnection();//create a queue session

QueueSession queSession = queConn.createQueueSession(false,

Session.DUPS_OK_ACKNOWLEDGE);//create a queue sender

QueueSender queSender =queSession.createSender(queue);

queSender.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);//create a simple message to say "Hello World"

TextMessage message = queSession.createTextMessage("Hello World");//send the message

queSender.send(message);//print what we did

out.write("Message Sent: " +message.getText());//close the queue connection

queConn.close();

}catch(Exception e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}/***@seeHttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse

* response)*/

protected voiddoPost(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response)throwsServletException, IOException {//TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

}

消息消费者Servlet：

importjava.io.IOException;importjava.io.PrintWriter;importjavax.jms.Queue;importjavax.jms.QueueConnection;importjavax.jms.QueueConnectionFactory;importjavax.jms.QueueReceiver;importjavax.jms.QueueSession;importjavax.jms.Session;importjavax.jms.TextMessage;importjavax.naming.InitialContext;importjavax.servlet.ServletException;importjavax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;/*** Servlet implementation class Receive*/@WebServlet("/Receive")public class Receive extendsHttpServlet {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;/***@seeHttpServlet#HttpServlet()*/

publicReceive() {super();//TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

}/***@seeHttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse

* response)*/

protected voiddoGet(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response)throwsServletException, IOException {

PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();try{//get the initial context

InitialContext context = newInitialContext();//lookup the queue object

Queue queue = (Queue) context.lookup("java:comp/env/queue/queue0");//lookup the queue connection factory

QueueConnectionFactory conFactory =(QueueConnectionFactory) context

.lookup("java:comp/env/queue/connectionFactory");//create a queue connection

QueueConnection queConn =conFactory.createQueueConnection();//create a queue session

QueueSession queSession = queConn.createQueueSession(false,

Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);//create a queue receiver

QueueReceiver queReceiver =queSession.createReceiver(queue);//start the connection

queConn.start();//receive a message

TextMessage message =(TextMessage) queReceiver.receive();//print the message

out.write("Message Received: " +message.getText());//close the queue connection

queConn.close();

}catch(Exception e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}/***@seeHttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse

* response)*/

protected voiddoPost(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response)throwsServletException, IOException {//TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

}

验证结果

在Tomcat里运行该Web工程，执行消息生产者Servlet，返回消息发送成功标志，同时我们可以在http://localhost:8161/admin/queues.jsp查看到该消息，如下图所示

继续执行消息消费者Servlet，返回消息接收成功标志，同时我们可以打开http://localhost:8161/admin/queues.jsp页面，发现刚才的消息已经不见了，如下图所示

参考资料