python——json, shelve

1. json
   1.1 dumps 把结构化数据转为字符串（比如dict–>str）

dict1 = {"name":"frankshi","age":26}

with open("test1.txt","w") as fp:
    fp.write(dict1)

dict1 = {"name":"frankshi","age":26}

with open("test1.txt","w") as fp:
    dict_str = json.dumps(dict1)   #把结构化数据转为字符串
    fp.write(dict_str)

1.2 loads把字符串转为结构化数据（比如str–>dict）

dict1 = {"name":"frankshi","age":26}
    
with open("test1.txt","r") as fp:
    content = fp.read()
    print(content)
    #{"name": "frankshi", "age": 26}
    print(content["name"])

dict1 = {"name":"frankshi","age":26}
    
with open("test1.txt","r") as fp:
    content = fp.read()
    print(content)
    #{"name": "frankshi", "age": 26}
    content = json.loads(content)   #把字符串转为字典
    print(content["name"])  #frankshi

1.3 dump 写入文件（可以直接写入字典等）

dict1 = {"name": "frankshi", "age": 26}

with open("test1.txt","w") as fp:
    json.dump(dict1, fp)

1.4 load 读取文件内容

with open("test1.txt","r") as fp:
    dict2 = json.load(fp)
    print(dict2)    #{'name': 'frankshi', 'age': 26}
    print(dict2["name"])    #frankshi

2. shelve

import shelve
 
fp = shelve.open("test2.txt")
#写入文件
fp["userinfo"] = {"name": "frankshi", "age": 26}
fp["user"] = ["frankshi1","shitou"]
#读取文件
print(fp["userinfo"]["name"])
#frankshi
print(fp["user"][1])
#shitou

#生成3个文件
test2.txt.bak
test2.txt.dat
test2.txt.dir