android aidl使用demo

android使用aidl原理

参考链接: https://www.twle.cn/l/yufei/android/android-basic-service-aidl.html

通过这部分代码, 加深对Android AIDL的理解

aidl server端

ILanguage.aidl

步骤: 在main目录下创建aidl文件夹, 并创建对应的包 com.example.aidl, 然后创建ILanguage.aidl文件, 然后执行android studio的 Build->Make Project, 生成aidl的编译文件(这一步不可缺少)

// ILanguage.aidl
package com.example.aidl;

interface ILanguage {
    String queryLanguage(int num);
}

MsLanguageService.java

package com.example.aidl_server;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;

import com.example.aidl.ILanguage;

public class MsLanguageService extends Service {
    private IBinder binder = new LanguageQueryBinder();
    private String[] names = {"python", "php", "java", "kotlin", "c", "swift"};

    private String query(int num) {
        if (num > 0 && num < 6) {
            return names[num - 1];
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        System.out.println("**********执行Server端的OnBind()方法*********");
        return binder;
    }

    private final class LanguageQueryBinder extends ILanguage.Stub {
        @Override
        public String queryLanguage(int num) throws RemoteException {
            return query(num);
        }
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

清单文件中注册服务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.aidl_server">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.ComprehensiveExerciseTest">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <!--注册服务-->
        <service
            android:name=".MsLanguageService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.example.aidl_server.MsLanguageService" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </service>
    </application>

</manifest>

build.gradle

plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
}

android {
    compileSdkVersion 30
    buildToolsVersion "30.0.3"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.aidl_server"
        minSdkVersion 24
        // 将默认版本（30）改成24，否则一直报错， 这里只是为了理解aidl的原理
        targetSdkVersion 24
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
}

dependencies {

    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.+'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
}

代码结构图

aidl client端

同服务端一样创建 ILanguage.aidl

ILanguage.aidl

// ILanguage.aidl
package com.example.aidl;

interface ILanguage {
    String queryLanguage(int num);
}

MainActivity.java

package com.example.aidl_client;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import com.example.aidl.ILanguage;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private EditText ipt_search;
    private Button btn_query;
    private TextView txt_show;
    private ILanguage iLanguage;
    private LanguageConnection conn = new LanguageConnection();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        bindViews();

        //绑定远程Service
        Intent service = new Intent("com.example.aidl_server.MsLanguageService");
        // service.setPackage("com.example.aidl_server");
        service.setPackage("com.example.aidl_server");

        boolean b = bindService(service, conn, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        // boolean b = getApplicationContext().bindService(service, conn, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        // System.out.println("-----------------------------");
        // System.out.println(service);
        // System.out.println(b);
        // System.out.println("-----------------------------");
        btn_query.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    private void bindViews() {
        ipt_search = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.ipt_search);
        btn_query = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_query);
        txt_show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_show);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        String number = ipt_search.getText().toString();
        int num = Integer.valueOf(number);
        System.out.println("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++");
        System.out.println(iLanguage);
        System.out.println("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++");
        try {
            txt_show.setText(iLanguage.queryLanguage(num));
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        ipt_search.setText("");
    }

    private final class LanguageConnection implements ServiceConnection {
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            iLanguage = ILanguage.Stub.asInterface(service);
        }

        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            iLanguage = null;
        }
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="请输入要查询的语言" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/ipt_search"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:inputType="number" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_query"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="查询" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/txt_show"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

build.gradle

plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
}

android {
    compileSdkVersion 30
    buildToolsVersion "30.0.3"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.aidl_client"
        minSdkVersion 24
        //同aidl服务端一样,将版本改成24
        targetSdkVersion 24
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
}

dependencies {

    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.+'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
}

代码结构图

效果图