window.WebViewJavascriptBridge = {
init: init,
send: send,
registerHandler: registerHandler,
callHandler: callHandler,
_fetchQueue: _fetchQueue,
_handleMessageFromObjC: _handleMessageFromObjC
}
方法的实现:
function init(messageHandler) {
if (WebViewJavascriptBridge._messageHandler) { throw new Error('WebViewJavascriptBridge.init called twice') }
WebViewJavascriptBridge._messageHandler = messageHandler
var receivedMessages = receiveMessageQueue
receiveMessageQueue = null
//如果接收队列有消息,则处理
for (var i=0; i
_dispatchMessageFromObjC(receivedMessages[i])
}
}
function send(data, responseCallback) {
_doSend({ data:data }, responseCallback)
}
function registerHandler(handlerName, handler) {
messageHandlers[handlerName] = handler
}
function callHandler(handlerName, data, responseCallback) {
_doSend({ data:data, handlerName:handlerName }, responseCallback)
}
涉及到的两个内部方法:
function _doSend(message, responseCallback) {
//如果定义了回调
if (responseCallback) {
//为回调对象产生唯一标识
var callbackId = 'js_cb_'+(uniqueId++)
//并存储到一个集合对象里
responseCallbacks[callbackId] = responseCallback
//新增一个key-value对- 'callbackId':callbackId
message['callbackId'] = callbackId
}
sendMessageQueue.push(JSON.stringify(message))
messagingIframe.src = CUSTOM_PROTOCOL_SCHEME + '://' + QUEUE_HAS_MESSAGE
}
function _dispatchMessageFromObjC(messageJSON) {
setTimeout(function _timeoutDispatchMessageFromObjC() {
var message = JSON.parse(messageJSON)
var messageHandler
if (message.responseId) {
//取出回调函数对象并执行
var responseCallback = responseCallbacks[message.responseId]
responseCallback(message.error, message.responseData)
delete responseCallbacks[message.responseId]
} else {
var response
if (message.callbackId) {
var callbackResponseId = message.callbackId
response = {
respondWith: function(responseData) {
_doSend({ responseId:callbackResponseId, responseData:responseData })
},
respondWithError: function(error) {
_doSend({ responseId:callbackResponseId, error:error })
}
}
}
var handler = WebViewJavascriptBridge._messageHandler
//如果消息中已包含消息处理器,则使用该处理器;否则使用默认处理器
if (message.handlerName) {
handler = messageHandlers[message.handlerName]
}
try {
handler(message.data, response)
} catch(exception) {
console.log("WebViewJavascriptBridge: WARNING: javascript handler threw.", message, exception)
}
}
})
}
还有两个js方法是供native端直接调用的方法(它们本身也是为native端服务的):
function _fetchQueue() {
var messageQueueString = sendMessageQueue.join(MESSAGE_SEPARATOR)
sendMessageQueue = []
return messageQueueString
}
function _handleMessageFromObjC(messageJSON) {
//如果接收队列对象存在则入队该消息,否则直接处理
if (receiveMessageQueue) {
receiveMessageQueue.push(messageJSON)
} else {
_dispatchMessageFromObjC(messageJSON)
}
}
最后还有一段代码就是,定义一个事件并触发,同时设置设置上面定义的WebViewJavascriptBridge对象为事件的一个属性:
var doc = document
_createQueueReadyIframe(doc)
//创建并实例化一个事件对象
var readyEvent = doc.createEvent('Events')
readyEvent.initEvent('WebViewJavascriptBridgeR
eady')
readyEvent.bridge = WebViewJavascriptBridge
//触发事件
doc.dispatchEvent(readyEvent)
Native端实现
其实大致跟上面的类似,只是因为语法不同(所以我上面才说两端是对等的):WebViewJavascriptBridge.h/.m
它其实可以看作UIWebView的Controller,实现了UIWebViewDelegate协议:
@interface WebViewJavascriptBridge : NSObject
+ (id)bridgeForWebView:(UIWebView*)webView handler:(WVJBHandler)handler;
+ (id)bridgeForWebView:(UIWebView*)webView webViewDelegate:(id )webViewDelegate handler:(WVJBHandler)handler;
+ (void)enableLogging;
- (void)send:(id)message;
- (void)send:(id)message responseCallback:(WVJBResponseCallback)responseCallback;
- (void)registerHandler:(NSString*)handlerName handler:(WVJBHandler)handler;
- (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName;
- (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName data:(id)data;
- (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName data:(id)data responseCallback:(WVJBResponseCallback)responseCallback;
@end
方法的实现其实是跟前面类似的,这里我们只看一下UIWebView的一个协议方法:shouldStartLoadWithRequest:
- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithReque
st:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType {
if (webView != _webView) { return YES; }
NSURL *url = [request URL];
if ([[url scheme] isEqualToString:CUSTOM_PROTOCOL_SCHEME]) {
//队列中有数据
if ([[url host] isEqualToString:QUEUE_HAS_MESSAGE]) {
//刷出队列中数据
[self _flushMessageQueue];
} else {
NSLog(@"WebViewJavascriptBridge: WARNING: Received unknown WebViewJavascriptBridge command %@://%@", CUSTOM_PROTOCOL_SCHEME, [url path]);
}
return NO;
} else if (self.webViewDelegate) {
return [self.webViewDelegate webView:webView shouldStartLoadWithReque
st:request navigationType:navigationType];
} else {
return YES;
}
}
使用示例
UI端
//给WebViewJavascriptBridgeR
eady事件注册一个Listener
document.addEventListener('WebViewJavascriptBridgeR
eady', onBridgeReady, false)
//事件的响应处理
function onBridgeReady(event) {
var bridge = event.bridge
var uniqueId = 1
//日志记录
function log(message, data) {
var log = document.getElementByIdx_x('log')
var el = document.createElement_x('div')
el.className = 'logLine'
el.innerHTML = uniqueId++ + '. ' + message + (data ? ': ' + JSON.stringify(data) : '')
if (log.children.length) { log.insertBefore(el, log.children[0]) }
else { log.appendChild(el) }
}
//初始化操作,并定义默认的消息处理逻辑
bridge.init(function(message) {
log('JS got a message', message)
})
//注册一个名为testJavascriptHandler的处理器,并定义用于响应的处理逻辑
bridge.registerHandler('testJavascriptHandler', function(data, response) {
log('JS handler testJavascriptHandler was called', data)
response.respondWith({ 'Javascript Says':'Right back atcha!' })
})
//创建一个发送消息给native端的按钮
var button = document.getElementByIdx_x('buttons').appendChild(document.createElement_x('button'))
button.innerHTML = 'Send message to ObjC'
button.ontouchstart = function(e) {
e.preventDefault()
//发送消息
bridge.send('Hello from JS button')
}
document.body.appendChild(document.createElement_x('br'))
//创建一个用于调用native端处理器的按钮
var callbackButton = document.getElementByIdx_x('buttons').appendChild(document.createElement_x('button'))
callbackButton.innerHTML = 'Fire testObjcCallback'
callbackButton.ontouchstart = function(e) {
e.preventDefault()
log("Calling handler testObjcCallback")
//调用名为testObjcCallback的native端处理器,并传递参数,同时设置回调处理逻辑
bridge.callHandler('testObjcCallback', {'foo': 'bar'}, function(response) {
log('Got response from testObjcCallback', response)
})
}
}
//实例化一个webview并加入到window中去
UIWebView* webView = [[UIWebView alloc] initWithFrame:self.window.bounds];
[self.window addSubview:webView];
//启用日志记录
[WebViewJavascriptBridge enableLogging];
//实例化WebViewJavascriptBridge并定义native端的默认消息处理器
_bridge = [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView:webView handler:^(id data, WVJBResponse *response) {
NSLog(@"ObjC received message from JS: %@", data);
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"ObjC got message from Javascript:" message:data delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"OK" otherButtonTitles:nil];
[alert show];
}];
//注册一个供UI端调用的名为testObjcCallback的处理器,并定义用于响应的处理逻辑
[_bridge registerHandler:@"testObjcCallback" handler:^(id data, WVJBResponse *response) {
NSLog(@"testObjcCallback called: %@", data);
[response respondWith:@"Response from testObjcCallback"];
}];
//发送一条消息给UI端并定义回调处理逻辑
[_bridge send:@"A string sent from ObjC before Webview has loaded." responseCallback:^(id error, id responseData) {
if (error) { NSLog(@"Uh oh - I got an error: %@", error); }
NSLog(@"objc got response! %@ %@", error, responseData);
}];
//调用一个在UI端定义的名为testJavascriptHandler的处理器,没有定义回调
[_bridge callHandler:@"testJavascriptHandler" data:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"before ready" forKey:@"foo"]];
[self renderButtons:webView];
[self loadExamplePage:webView];
//单纯发送一条消息给UI端
[_bridge send:@"A string sent from ObjC after Webview has loaded."];