基础：Hibernate映射引用属性

Hibernate的基本映射
$映射引用属性
引用属性的意思是：持久化类的属性既不是基本数据类型，也不是String字符串，
而是某个引用变量，该引用属性的类型可以是自定义类。
先看 --> POJO
public   class  Person  implements  Serialiazable
... {
    private int id;
    private int age;
    private Name name;
    person() ...{}
    public void setId(int id) ...{
        this.id = id;
    }
    public int getId() ...{
        return id;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) ...{
        this.age = age;
    }
    public int getAge() ...{
        return age;
    }
    public void setName(Name name) ...{
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Name getName() ...{
        return name;
    }
}
接着看 --> 映射文件Person.hbm.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 " ?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate - mapping
    PUBLIC  " -//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN "
     " http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd " >
< hibernate - mapping  package = " prolove " >
     < class  name = " Person "  table = " person " >
         < id name  =   " id "  column = " person_id " >
             < generator  class = " identity " />
         </ id >
         < property name = " age " />
         <!-- 映射引用属性name，引用属性的类型为Name -->
         < component name = " name "   class = " Name "  unique = " true " >
             <!-- 映射引用属性的first属性 -->
             < property name = " first " />
             <!-- 映射引用属性的last属性 -->
             < property name = " last " />
         </ componet >
     </ class >
</ hibernate - mapping >

一、集合引用属性的映射
1 .POJO
public   class  Person  implements  Serializabale
... {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private List schools = new ArrayList();
    Person() ...{}
    public void setSchools(List schools) ...{
        this.schools = schools;
    }
    public List getSchools() ...{
        return schools;
    }
    ……
}
2 .school
前面Person实例的schools属性里存放系列的字符串，
而现在的schools属性里存放系列的School实例。
public   class  School  implements  Serialiazable
... {
    //School类的两个属性：name和address
    private String name;
    private String address;
    public School() ...{}
    
    public School(String s1, String s2) ...{
        this.name = s1;
        this.address = s2;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) ...{
        this.address = address;
    }
    public String getAddress() ...{
        return address;
    }
    ……
}
3 .Person.hbm.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 " ?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate - mapping
    PUBLIC  " -//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN "
     " http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd " >
< hibernate - mapping  package = " prolove " >
     < class  name = " Person " >
         < id name  =   " id "  column = " personid " >
             < generator  class = " identity " />
         </ id >
         < property name = " name " />
         < property name = " age " />

         <!-- 映射List集合属性 -->
         < list name = " schools "  table = " school " >
             <!-- 映射关联外键列 -->
             < key column = " personid "  not - null = " true " />
             <!-- List有序集合，需要索引列 -->
             < list - index column = " list_order " />
             <!-- composite - element映射集合里的元素，class属性确定集合里元素的类型 -->
             < composite - element  class = " school " >
                 <!-- 每个property属性映射集合元素的基本属性 -->
                 < property name = " name " />
                 < property name = " address " />
             </ composite - element >
         </ list >

     </ class >
</ hibernate - mapping >

二、引用类型主键的映射
1 .POJO
public   class  Person
... {
    //用作持久化类Person的标识属性
    private Name name;
    //普通属性age
    private int age;
    Person() ...{}
    ……
}
2 .如果持久化类需要使用引用类型作为表示属性时，则该类应满足以下两个条件：
* 实现java.io.Serializabale接口
* 重写equals()和hashCode()方法，这两个方法的返回值都应该根据数据表中联合主键的列来判断
// 标识属性类，实现Serializable接口
public   class  Name  implements  Serializable
... {
    private String firstName;
    private String lastName;
    public Name() ...{}
    ……
    //重写hashCode()方法，该方法根据firstName和lastName的值计算得到
    public int hashCode() ...{
        return firstName.hashCode() + lastName.hashCode();
    }
    //重写equals方法，同样也根据firstName和lastName两个属性来判断
    public boolean equals(Object o) ...{
        if (o instanceof Name)
        ...{
            Name p = (Name)o;
            if (p.getFirstName().equals(firstName) && p.getLastName().equals(lastName))
            ...{
                return true;
            }
            else
            ...{
                return false;
            }
        }
        else
        ...{
            return false;
        }
    }
}
3 .POJO Person持久化映射文件：
<? xml version = " 1.0 " ?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate - mapping
    PUBLIC  " -//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN "
     " http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd " >
< hibernate - mapping  package = " prolove " >
     < class  name = " Person "  table = " person " >

         <!-- composite - id元素用于映射引用类型的标识属性，其中class元素确定属性的类型 -->
         < composite - id name = " name "   class = " Name " >
             <!-- key - property元素确定标识属性类包含的属性 -->
             < key - property name = " firstName " />
             < key - property name = " lastName " />
         </ composite - id >
         < property name = " age " />

     </ class >
</ hibernate - mapping >
==> 建议尽量不要使用这种复杂的标识属性。关于联合主键的映射还有一种策略，直接
将多个属性映射成数据库主键

三、复合主键的映射
改写上面的持久化类Person，不使用name作为Person的标识属性，而是直接使用firstName和lastName作为标识属性
    映射复合主键的持久化类必须满足以下2个条件：
     * 实现java.io.Serializabale接口
     * 重写equals()和hashCode()方法，两个方法的返回值都应该根据数据表中联合主键的列来判断
1 .POJO Person
public   class  Person  implements  Serializable
... {
    //直接定义lastName和firstName两个属性
    private String lastName;
    private String firstName;

    private int age;
    Person() ...{}
    ……省略setter&getter
    
    public boolean equals(Object o) ...{
        if (o instanceof Person)
        ...{
            Person p = (Person)o;
            if (p.getFirstName().equals(firstName) && p.getLastName().equals(lastName))
            ...{
                return true;
            }
            else
            ...{
                return false;
            }
        }
        else
        ...{
            return false;
        }
    }

    public int hashCode() ...{
        int hashCode = firstName.hashCode() + lastName.hashCode();
        return hashCode;
    }
}
2 .Mapping
<? xml version = " 1.0 " ?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate - mapping
    PUBLIC  " -//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN "
     " http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd " >
< hibernate - mapping  package = " prolove " >
     < class  name = " Person "  table = " personcomid " >

         <!-- composite - id元素用于映射复合主键 -->
         < composite - id >
             <!-- key - property元素映射复合主键的每个元素 -->
             < key - property name = " firstName " />
             < key - property name = " lastName " />
         </ composite - id >
         < property name = " age " />

     </ class >
</ hibernate - mapping >