本篇文章就举例示范如何利用Java 创建和读取Excel文档,并设置单元格的字体和格式。
为了保证示例程序的运行,必须安装Java 2 sdk1.4.0 和Jakarta POI,Jakarta POI的Web站点是: http://jakarta.apache.org/poi/
第一:创建Excel 文档
示例1将演示如何利用Jakarta POI API 创建Excel 文档。
示例1程序如下:
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
public class CreateXL {
/** Excel 文件要存放的位置,假定在D盘JTest目录下*/
public static String outputFile="D:/JTest/ gongye.xls";
public static void main(String argv[]){
try{
// 创建新的Excel 工作簿
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
// 在Excel工作簿中建一工作表,其名为缺省值
// 如要新建一名为"效益指标"的工作表,其语句为:
// HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("效益指标");
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
// 在索引0的位置创建行(最顶端的行)
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0);
//在索引0的位置创建单元格(左上端)
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 0);
// 定义单元格为字符串类型
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
// 在单元格中输入一些内容
cell.setCellValue("增加值");
// 新建一输出文件流
FileOutputStream fOut = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
// 把相应的Excel 工作簿存盘
workbook.write(fOut);
fOut.flush();
// 操作结束,关闭文件
fOut.close();
System.out.println("文件生成...");
}catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println("已运行 xlCreate() : " + e );
}
}
}
第二:读取Excel文档中的数据
示例2将演示如何读取Excel文档中的数据。假定在D盘JTest目录下有一个文件名为gongye.xls的Excel文件。
示例2程序如下:
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
public class ReadXL {
/** Excel文件的存放位置。注意是正斜线*/
public static String fileToBeRead="D:/JTest/ gongye.xls";
public static void main(String argv[]){
try{
// 创建对Excel工作簿文件的引用
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(fileToBeRead));
// 创建对工作表的引用。
// 本例是按名引用(让我们假定那张表有着缺省名"Sheet1")
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheet("Sheet1");
// 也可用getSheetAt(int index)按索引引用,
// 在Excel文档中,第一张工作表的缺省索引是0,
// 其语句为:HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
// 读取左上端单元
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(0);
HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short)0);
// 输出单元内容,cell.getStringCellValue()就是取所在单元的值
System.out.println("左上端单元是: " + cell.getStringCellValue());
}catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println("已运行xlRead() : " + e );
}
}
}
第三: 设置单元格格式
在这里,我们将只介绍一些和格式设置有关的语句,我们假定workbook就是对一个工作簿的引用。在Java中,第一步要做的就是创建和设置字体和单元格的格式,然后再应用这些格式:
1、创建字体,设置其为红色、粗体:
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setColor(HSSFFont.COLOR_RED);
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
2、创建格式
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle= workbook.createCellStyle();
cellStyle.setFont(font);
3、应用格式
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 0);
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue("标题 ");
第四: 小例子
1.最简单的实现,可以让你一下就看到效果
<%@ page contentType="application/msexcel" %> <!-- 以上这行设定本网页为excel格式的网页 --> <% response.setHeader("Content-disposition","inline; filename=test1.xls"); //以上这行设定传送到前端浏览器时的档名为test1.xls //就是靠这一行,让前端浏览器以为接收到一个excel档 %> <html> <head> <title>Excel档案呈现方式</title> </head> <body> <table border="1" width="100%"> <tr> <td>姓名</td><td>身份证字号</td><td>生日</td> </tr> <tr> <td>李玟</td><td>N111111111</td><td>1900/11/12</td> </tr> <tr> <td>梁静如</td><td>N222222222</td><td>1923/10/1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>张惠妹</td><td>N333333333</td><td>1934/12/18</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
2.第二种,在页面可以写入数据
<%@ page import="org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell" %> <%@ page import="org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow" %> <%@ page import="org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet" %> <%@ page import="org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook" %> <%@ page import="java.util.List" %> <% //这是我获取我们系统种的数据,上面的代码我删掉了,只要得到一个List就可以了 List userList = (List) ret.getObject("users"); String filename = ""; filename = "activeUserList.xls"; String[] tableHeader = {"userName", "registTime", "lastLoginTime"}; response.setContentType("APPLICATION/OCTET-STREAM "); response.setContentType("application/x-msdownload;charset=utf-8"); response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + new String(filename.getBytes("GBK"), "ISO8859_1")); HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet(); wb.setSheetName(0, "userList", HSSFWorkbook.ENCODING_UTF_16); // 表头为第一行 HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.createRow(0); for (int i = 0; i < tableHeader.length; i++) { HSSFCell headerCell = headerRow.createCell((short) i); headerCell.setEncoding(HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16); headerCell.setCellValue(tableHeader[i]); } UserVo user; HSSFRow row; HSSFCell cell; if (userList != null) { for (int i = 0; i < userList.size(); i++) { user = (UserVo) userList.get(i); row = sheet.createRow(i + 1); cell = row.createCell((short) 0); // cell.setEncoding(HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16); cell.setCellValue(user.getName()); cell = row.createCell((short) 1); cell.setCellValue(user.getRegistTime().toString()); cell = row.createCell((short) 2); cell.setCellValue(user.getLastLoginTime().toString()); } } wb.write(response.getOutputStream()); response.getOutputStream().flush(); response.getOutputStream().close(); %>
Java生成代码编写
1。
public ActionForward toExcelModif(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
String title = "员工号,员工姓名,金额,结束日期";
String records = new String();
records = "";
String records2 = new String();
records2 = "";
int ai = 0;
// 输出Excel
HttpSession s = request.getSession(false);
Employee emp = (Employee) s.getAttribute(Constants.USER_IN_SESSION);
String str1=System.getProperty("user.dir");
String str2=System.getProperty("file.separator");
String strf = str1+str2+ emp.getEmpEname()
+ "_output.xls";
File file = new File(str1+str2);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.mkdirs();
}
File fileWrite = new File(strf);
fileWrite.createNewFile();
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(fileWrite);
HashMap<String, Object> map2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
String reviewBatchNo =request.getParameter("reviewBatchNo2");
map2.put("reviewBatchNo", reviewBatchNo.trim());
List<PteExpenditures> list2 = expendituresService.findExpenditures(map2);
if (list2!=null){
Iterator<PteExpenditures> ite = list2.iterator();
while (ite.hasNext()) {
PteExpenditures pteExpenditures = ite.next();
records2 = records2 + pteExpenditures.getEmpNo()
+ ","
+ pteExpenditures.getEmpName()
+ "," + pteExpenditures.getTotalAmount() + pteExpenditures.getVerifyEmpName()
+ ","
+ pteExpenditures.getAcceptEmpName()
+ ","
;
ai++;
}
}
if (!records2.equals("")) {
records = records + records2;
}
ExcelHandle eh = new ExcelHandle();
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
String strDate = formatter.format(new Date());
String remark = "复核批号:," + reviewBatchNo.trim()
+ ",总份数:," + ai;
DecimalFormat s1 = new DecimalFormat( ".00");
String rmbstr= s1.format(rmb) ;
String usdstr= s1.format(usd) ;
String gbstr= s1.format(gb) ;
remark = remark + ",人民币金额:," +rmbstr+ ",美元金额:," +usdstr + ",港币金额:," +gbstr +",打印日期:," + strDate;
writeExcel_add(os, title,records, remark);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
download(mapping, form, request, response);
return null;
}
2。
public void writeExcel_add(OutputStream os, String title, String records,
String remark) {
try {
WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(os);
WritableSheet ws = wwb.createSheet("TestCreateExcel",0);
WritableFont titleFont = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL, 12,
WritableFont.BOLD, false, UnderlineStyle.NO_UNDERLINE,
jxl.format.Colour.BLACK);
WritableCellFormat titleFormat = new WritableCellFormat(titleFont);
WritableFont detFont = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL, 10,
WritableFont.NO_BOLD, false, UnderlineStyle.NO_UNDERLINE,
jxl.format.Colour.BLACK);
WritableCellFormat detFormat = new WritableCellFormat(detFont);
String Title[] = title.split(",");
int n = Title.length;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
Label label = new Label(i, 0, Title[i], titleFormat);
ws.setColumnView(i, 12);
ws.addCell(label);
}
String Records[] = records.split(",");
int r = 0, l = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < Records.length; i++) {
if (l % n == 0) {
r++;
l = 0;
}// ����
Label label = new Label(l, r, Records[i], detFormat);
l++;
ws.addCell(label);
}
r++;
String Remarks[] = remark.split(",");
for (int i = 0; i < Remarks.length; i++) {
if (l % n == 0) {
r++;
l = 0;
}// ����
Label label = new Label(l, r, Remarks[i], detFormat);
l++;
ws.addCell(label);
}
wwb.write();
wwb.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
3。
public static void download(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
java.io.BufferedInputStream bis = null;
java.io.BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
try {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/x-msdownload");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename="
+ "exceltest.xls");
HttpSession s = request.getSession(false);
Employee emp = (Employee) s.getAttribute(Constants.USER_IN_SESSION);
String str1=System.getProperty("user.dir");
String str2=System.getProperty("file.separator");
String strf = str1+str2+ emp.getEmpEname()
+ "_output.xls";
bis = new java.io.BufferedInputStream(new java.io.FileInputStream(
strf));
bos = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
byte[] buff = new byte[2048];
int bytesRead;
while (-1 != (bytesRead = bis.read(buff, 0, buff.length))) {
bos.write(buff, 0, bytesRead);
}
bos.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (bis != null) {
try {
bis.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
bis = null;
}
if (bos != null) {
try {
bos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
bos = null;
}
}
}