spring扩展-EnvironmentPostProcessor

前言

spring cloud出现之前，spring的配置都是放在application.xxx中的。随着业务复杂性增加，应用配置也在增多。为了方便管理以及减少配置冗余，出现了配置中心。EnvironmentPostProcessor就是为了扩展spring读取配置的能力，通过实现EnvironmentPostProcessor接口，我们可以去任何地方加载配置到spring容器汇总。

源码阅读

1. SpringApplication#run
   代码有删减

ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);
			ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);
			configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
			Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
			context = createApplicationContext();
			exceptionReporters = getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringBootExceptionReporter.class,
					new Class[] { ConfigurableApplicationContext.class }, context);
			prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
			refreshContext(context);
			afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
			stopWatch.stop();
			if (this.logStartupInfo) {
				new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass).logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
			}
			listeners.started(context);
			callRunners(context, applicationArguments);

2. SpringApplication#prepareEnvironment

	private ConfigurableEnvironment prepareEnvironment(SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners,
			ApplicationArguments applicationArguments) {
		// Create and configure the environment
		ConfigurableEnvironment environment = getOrCreateEnvironment();
		configureEnvironment(environment, applicationArguments.getSourceArgs());
		ConfigurationPropertySources.attach(environment);
		listeners.environmentPrepared(environment);
		bindToSpringApplication(environment);
		if (!this.isCustomEnvironment) {
			environment = new EnvironmentConverter(getClassLoader()).convertEnvironmentIfNecessary(environment,
					deduceEnvironmentClass());
		}
		ConfigurationPropertySources.attach(environment);
		return environment;
	}

3. SpringApplicationRunListeners#environmentPrepared

4. EventPublishingRunListener#environmentPrepared

	public void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
		this.initialMulticaster
				.multicastEvent(new ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(this.application, this.args, environment));
	}

5. ConfigFileApplicationListener#onApplicationEvent

public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
		if (event instanceof ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent) {
			onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent((ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent) event);
		}
		if (event instanceof ApplicationPreparedEvent) {
			onApplicationPreparedEvent(event);
		}
	}

6. ConfigFileApplicationListener#onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent
   加载所有的EnvironmentPostProcessor，并调用其postProcessEnvironment方法对Environment进行扩展。这样可以实现自定义属性加载器

private void onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent event) {
		List<EnvironmentPostProcessor> postProcessors = loadPostProcessors();
		postProcessors.add(this);
		AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(postProcessors);
	
		for (EnvironmentPostProcessor postProcessor : postProcessors) {
			postProcessor.postProcessEnvironment(event.getEnvironment(), event.getSpringApplication());
		}
	}

7. onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent#loadPostProcessors
   使用spring的SPI加载EnvironmentPostProcessor实现类。

List<EnvironmentPostProcessor> loadPostProcessors() {
		return SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactories(EnvironmentPostProcessor.class, getClass().getClassLoader());
	}

可以通过idea搜索一下，spring到底配置了那些EnvironmentPostProcessor