CentOS服务器安装配置jdk环境

云服务器：阿里云CentOS7.3 64

jdk的安装通常有两种方式，一种是通过yum安装openjdk，一种是离线安装。一般在生产环境我们安装jre环境即可。

一、通过yum安装

1、先查看下云库中的版本，目前最新版本已经到java11了（一般选择OpenJDK Runtime Environment即可）

[root@sihan ~]#  yum search java|grep jdk
ldapjdk-javadoc.noarch : Javadoc for ldapjdk
java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : The OpenJDK runtime environment without
java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.8.0-openjdk.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.i686 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-debug.i686 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.i686 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Demos with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment with full
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment with
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment

2、这里我安装下java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64版本，安装过程需确认的输入y即可（安装完jdk的默认路径/usr/lib/jvm）

[root@sihan ~]# yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64
[root@sihan ~]# ls /usr/lib/jvm
java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64  jre-1.8.0-openjdk  jre-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64  jre-openjdk

3、设置环境变量，将下方配置保存到/etc/profile中

[root@sihan ~]# vi /etc/profile

#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH

4、让配置环境生效

[root@sihan ~]# source /etc/profile

验证

[root@sihan ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_191"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-b12)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)

二、离线安装

jdk下载官网：https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

1、上传压缩包到服务器，并进行解压

[root@sihan ~]# tar -zxvf /home/jdk-8u202-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/lib/jvm/

2、设置环境变量，将下方配置保存到/etc/profile中

[root@sihan ~]# vi /etc/profile

#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_202
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH

3、让配置环境生效

[root@sihan ~]# source /etc/profile

验证

[root@sihan jvm]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_202"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_202-b08)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.202-b08, mixed mode)

三、卸载jdk

如果是离线安装的jdk进入相应目录将整个目录删除即可，下面展示的是移除yum安装的jdk卸载。

1、查看安装的jdk

[root@sihan ~]# yum list installed | grep java
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64               1:1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6        @updates 
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64      1:1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6        @updates 
javapackages-tools.noarch               3.4.1-11.el7                   @base    
python-javapackages.noarch              3.4.1-11.el7                   @base    
tzdata-java.noarch                      2018i-1.el7                    @updates 

2、卸载

[root@sihan ~]# yum -y remove java-1.8.0-openjdk*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6 will be erased
---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================
 Package                                    Arch                  Version                                 Repository               Size
========================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 java-1.8.0-openjdk                         x86_64                1:1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6                 @updates                501 k
 java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless                x86_64                1:1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6                 @updates                104 M

Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================
Remove  2 Packages

Installed size: 104 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Erasing    : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64                                                                    1/2 
  Erasing    : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64                                                           2/2 
  Verifying  : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64                                                           1/2 
  Verifying  : 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6.x86_64                                                                    2/2 

Removed:
  java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6              java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6             

Complete!

[root@sihan ~]#  yum -y remove tzdata-java.noarch
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package tzdata-java.noarch 0:2018i-1.el7 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================
 Package                           Arch                         Version                            Repository                      Size
========================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 tzdata-java                       noarch                       2018i-1.el7                        @updates                       365 k

Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================
Remove  1 Package

Installed size: 365 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Erasing    : tzdata-java-2018i-1.el7.noarch                                                                                       1/1 
  Verifying  : tzdata-java-2018i-1.el7.noarch                                                                                       1/1 

Removed:
  tzdata-java.noarch 0:2018i-1.el7                                                                                                      

Complete!

[root@sihan ~]# java -version
-bash: /usr/bin/java: No such file or directory