2012-6-28傻可樂《新概念二笔记》L…

Lesson29 Taxi ! 出租车
[new words and expressions]生词和短语

taxi  n. 出租汽车  
and  v. 和，与
plough  v. 犁，耕
lonely  adj.  孤独地
Welsh  adj. 威尔士
roof  n. 屋顶
block  n. 大楼，街区
flat  n. 公寓
desert  v. 抛弃

单词解析：
1、taxi  n.出租汽车     ['tæksi]
[ 复数taxis或taxies 过去式taxied 过去分词taxied 现在分词taxiing或taxying ]
vi. 乘出租车；滑行
vt. 使滑行；用出租车送
n. 出租汽车
taxi driver  出租车司机；的士司机
take a taxi 打的     take a bus，take a lift坐电梯
taxi meter 车用计费器 
    (meter 计量器:  power meter瓦特表 water meter 水表  pressure meter 压力表 electric meter 电表)
by taxi  坐计程车
call a taxi 打的；叫出租车
taxi stand 出租车呼叫站

2、and v.和，与
you and me
Prices of fruit and vegetables have gone up/risen.
水果和蔬菜的价格已经上涨了。
and so 因此；所以
and then 于是；然后
and so on 等等；诸如此类
and some 还不止这些
and all 的确

3、plough  v.犁，耕    [plau]
n . 犁，耕地(=plow)
farmland   /corpland  /  cultivated land 农田
Eg:They ought to finish ploughing the south farmland by tomorrow.
到明天他们应该犁完南边的一块地。
 
4、lonely adj.孤独的；偏远的    ['ləunli]
[ 比较级lonelier 最高级loneliest ]
lonely (人) n.孤独者
alone     [ə'ləun]   adj. 独自的；单独的；孤独的；adv. 独自地；单独地
She feels lonely.（感觉）（主观）
She is alone.（事实）（客观）
Home alone 独自在家
Someone who is lonely is unhappy because they are alone or do not have anyone they can talk to. (人) 孤独的
feel lonely 感到孤独，寂寞
I am lonely without you.没有你我是孤独的
lonely heart 孤独的心；感到孤独的人

5、Welsh  adj. 威尔士的   [welʃ]   [weltʃ]
n. 威尔士语
to welsh on one's debts 赖账(俚语) 非正式的较为口语化的
逃避义务；食言(常与 on连用)：
He gave us his solemn word, then he welshed on us.
他向我们郑重承诺然后又对我们食言了。

6、roof  n. 屋顶   [ru:f]  [ruf]
vt.覆盖，给……盖屋顶
The cabin was roofed with dried straw.
小屋上面用干草盖上了屋顶。
flat roof 屋顶平台
roof structure 塔楼，屋顶结构
roof garden 屋顶花园
roof fall塌顶
raise the roof v.喧哗；大声抱怨 (cry out)
ceiling 天花板
hit the ceiling 勃然大怒，暴跳如雷

7、block  n. 大楼，街区  [blɔk]
vt 阻碍 限制
adj.交通堵塞的
Hold on to the third block, then turn left.
一直往前走，到第三个街区后向左拐。
He walked around the block three times.
他绕着这个街区走了3圈。
block in 草拟，画草图
block up 阻碍，垫高
a block of 一块……
on the block 出售中，在拍卖中

8、flat  n. 公寓   [flæt]
flat / apartment / hoursing /lodging hourse 公寓
Have you bought this flat?
adj.平坦的，浅的，单调的
adv.平直的，断然的
Two men near him threw themselves flat.
他旁边的两个人一下子平趴在了地上。
vi/vt  变平
flat out  竭尽全力 (try one's best)

9、desert  v. 抛弃  遗弃  ['dezət]
abandon    [ə'bændən]
Never desert a friend in need. 不要抛弃有困难的朋友
desert : n.沙漠
desert climate沙漠气候
camel   骆驼   ['kæməl] 
mirage  海市蜃楼    ['mirɑ:ʒ]  [ mi'rɑ:ʒ]
a great stretch of desert
dessert  :甜点
desert fox 沙漠美女

 

First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    Does Captain Fawcett think any trip is too dangerous?

原文

    Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service. The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter'. This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers. The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field. Captain Fawcett's first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains. Since then, Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places. Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman. The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.

课文讲解：
Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service.
  本.弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车，并开始了一项新的业务。
language points1.
captain 船长，机长
service n. 服务，服侍；服役；仪式
a new service   ['sə:vis]  一项新的服务
customer service 客户服务；售后服务
service life 使用寿命；使用期限；耐用年限
after-sales service 售后服务
service system n. 服务系统

The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter'. This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers.
这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机，叫“皮勒特斯.波特“号。
 aeroplane = airplane =aircraft 飞机
过去分词短语作定语时要放在所修饰的名词/代词之后，而一个单独的分词作定语时则往往放在所修饰的名词/代词前面。
He landed in a deserted car park.
a race across the Atlantic 
call sb. sth.   叫某人……be called    被称为……
过去分词做定语时是作为被动状态来翻译的
call sb sth
The instrument was called a clavichord.    ['klævikɔ:d]
be called 被称为
The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter'
called 在此句中为过去分词
过去分词作定语时，是作为被动语态来翻译的。-ing表示正在。
I have a cat called Bella

 

The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field.
这架奇妙的飞机可以载7名乘客。然而，最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落：雪地上，水面上，甚至刚耕过的田里。
-ing; -ed 是非谓语动词
a ploughed field 被耕过的田
a deserted car park 被废弃的车场
written English    书面语  ；spoken English  口语colloquial language   口语 
The most surprising thing is that...最让我惊讶的
To my surprise,....
surprising 可以由其他词替换
The most exciting thing is that...
The happiest thing is that I can stay with my mother.
sow / seed
sow 种下去
seed 把种子种下去

 

Captain Fawcett's first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains.
弗西特机长的第一名乘客是位医生，他从伯明翰飞往威尔士山区一个偏僻的村庄。
the 不能和所有格及形容词物主代词并存。
from ...to... 从...到...
since then / so far / up to now

Since then, Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places.
从那时开始，弗西特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方。
since then 强调起点
so for / up to now 强调终点
from then 从...起
since then 从...起（到现在为止）
by then /by that time 到...为止
fly  ① vi. 飞，飞行② vt. 空运（乘客）
fly sb./sth. To…  开飞机送某人/物去……
  He has flown his car to France.
drive sb. to…     开车送某人去……

Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park.
一次，他把飞机降落在了一栋公寓楼的屋顶上；还有一次，降落在了一个废弃的停车场上。
language points
once 一次,一旦(但是这里是一次)
on another occasion 还有一次
once i met him on the street and on another occasion I met him in the library.
once...and on another occasion

Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.
弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。
refuse / deny
refuse 拒绝
deny 否认
refuse to do sth
deny doing /+从句
He denied knowing anything.
他不承认知道任何情况
The government has denied that the authorities have uncovered a plot to assassinate the president.
政府否认当局已经发现一个暗杀总统的阴谋。
request from sb. 来自某人的请求request for sth.      要求得到

 The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.
这个人想要飞往大西洋上的一个孤岛 -- 罗卡尔岛，弗西特机长之所以不送他去，是因为那段飞行太危险了。
fly sb to..开飞机送某人去
My friend drove me to Tianjing.
drive sb to...开车送某人去
Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
take sb. to …    送某人……
too 在副词或形容词前表示否定含义，强调程度大到了人们不愿去做very 强调程度深

Pacific Ocean 太平洋   Atlantic Ocean  大西洋     Indian Ocean
印度洋    the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋

plateau高原
四大高原：青藏高原、 内蒙古高原、 黄土高原、 云贵高原...
plain平原
四大平原：东北平原，华北平原，长江中下游平原，关中平原
basin盆地
四大盆地：塔里木盆地，准格尔盆地，柴达木盆地，四川盆地