android activity切换翻转效果

效果如图（不知道为什么用ddms截图的时候下面会变瘦呢~~）：

一、前言：
    Android中并没有提供直接做3D翻转的动画，所以关于3D翻转的动画效果需要我们在代码中继承android.view.animation.Animation类来实现自定义效果。
二、动画的实现原理：
   通过重写Animation的 applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t)函数来实现自定义动画效果。

   在绘制动画的过程中会反复的调用applyTransformation函数，每次调用参数interpolatedTime值都会变化，该参数从0 渐 变为1，当该参数为1时表明动画结束。通过参数Transformation 来获取变换的矩阵（matrix），通过改变矩阵就可以实现各种复杂的 效果。

1、动画的运行模式

      中断模式
      独行模式

2、Animation类：

    Animation是动画的主要接口，其中主要定义了动画的一些属性比如开始时间，持续时间，是否重复播放等的。

每个动画都重载了父类的applyTransformation方法。这个方法的主要作用是把一些属性组装成一个Transformation类，这个方法会被父类的getTransformation方法调用。另外，每个动画还要个initialize方法，完成初始化工作，动画开始前的一些准备工作。

在getTransformation中Animation会根据动画的属性来产生一系列的差值点，然后我们将这些差值点传给applyTransformation,,这个函数将根据这些点来生成不同的Transformation.

其中包括了旋转的开始和结束角度、中心点、是否扭曲和一个Camera,这里我们主要分析applyTransformation函数，其中第一个参数就是通过getTransformation函数传递的差值点，然后我们根据这个差值线性插值算法算出一个中间角度degrees,Camera类是用来实现绕Y轴旋转后透视投影的，因此我们首先通过t.getMatrix()取得当前的矩阵，然后通过camera.translate来对矩阵进行平移变换操作，camera.rotateY进行旋转。就可以实现3D旋转效果了。

3、Interpolator类

    定义动画执行过程一些加速度减速度，为了我们后面Transformation来服务的。

4、Transformation类

    Transformation记录了放射矩阵Matrix,动画每触发一次，会对原来的矩阵做一次运算，View的Bitmap与这个矩阵相乘就可以实现相应的操作（旋转、平移、缩放等）。

    Transformation类封装了矩阵和alpha值，它有两个重要成员，一个mMatrix，一个是mAlpha(控制透明度)

三、activity切换翻转效果源码

Transition3dActivity.java（这个文件在api demo里有：http://developer.android.com/resources/samples/ApiDemos/src/com/example/android/apis/animation/Rotate3dAnimation.html）

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.huashao.Transition3d;

import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.Transformation;
import android.graphics.Camera;
import android.graphics.Matrix;

/**
 * An animation that rotates the view on the Y axis between two specified angles.
 * This animation also adds a translation on the Z axis (depth) to improve the effect.
 */
public class Rotate3dAnimation extends Animation {
    private final float mFromDegrees;
    private final float mToDegrees;
    private final float mCenterX;
    private final float mCenterY;
    private final float mDepthZ;
    private final boolean mReverse;
    private Camera mCamera;

    /**
     * Creates a new 3D rotation on the Y axis. The rotation is defined by its
     * start angle and its end angle. Both angles are in degrees. The rotation
     * is performed around a center point on the 2D space, definied by a pair
     * of X and Y coordinates, called centerX and centerY. When the animation
     * starts, a translation on the Z axis (depth) is performed. The length
     * of the translation can be specified, as well as whether the translation
     * should be reversed in time.
     *
     * @param fromDegrees the start angle of the 3D rotation
     * @param toDegrees the end angle of the 3D rotation
     * @param centerX the X center of the 3D rotation
     * @param centerY the Y center of the 3D rotation
     * @param reverse true if the translation should be reversed, false otherwise
     */
    public Rotate3dAnimation(float fromDegrees, float toDegrees,
            float centerX, float centerY, float depthZ, boolean reverse) {
        mFromDegrees = fromDegrees;
        mToDegrees = toDegrees;
        mCenterX = centerX;
        mCenterY = centerY;
        mDepthZ = depthZ;
        mReverse = reverse;
    }

    @Override
    public void initialize(int width, int height, int parentWidth, int parentHeight) {
        super.initialize(width, height, parentWidth, parentHeight);
        mCamera = new Camera();
    }

    @Override
    protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t) {
     final float fromDegrees = mFromDegrees;
        float degrees = fromDegrees + ((mToDegrees - fromDegrees) * interpolatedTime);

        final float centerX = mCenterX;
        final float centerY = mCenterY;
        final Camera camera = mCamera;

        final Matrix matrix = t.getMatrix();

        camera.save();
        if (mReverse) {
            camera.translate(0.0f, 0.0f, mDepthZ * interpolatedTime);
        } else {
            camera.translate(0.0f, 0.0f, mDepthZ * (1.0f - interpolatedTime));
        }
        camera.rotateY(degrees);
        camera.getMatrix(matrix);
        camera.restore();

        matrix.preTranslate(-centerX, -centerY);
        matrix.postTranslate(centerX, centerY);
    }
}

ITabHostMenuHandler接口：

package com.huashao.Transition3d;

import java.io.Serializable;

public interface ITabHostMenuHandler extends Serializable {

 public static final class TabHostSubClazzSimpleName {
  public static final String TAG_MODULE1 = "ModuleView1";
  public static final String TAG_MODULE2 = "ModuleView2";
 
 }

 public void applyRotation(int position, float start, float end);
}

 NewsTabActivity.java（继承自ActivityGroup的类）

package com.hhf.Transition3d;


import java.io.Serializable;

import com.huashao.Transition3d.R;

import android.app.ActivityGroup;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.animation.AccelerateInterpolator;
import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.DecelerateInterpolator;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;

public class NewsTabActivity extends ActivityGroup implements ITabHostMenuHandler {

    private FrameLayout container = null;
 private View view;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        // 隐藏标题栏
        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        // 设置视图
        setContentView(R.layout.layout);

        container = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.container);
        container.removeAllViews();
        Intent Module1Intent = new Intent(this, ModuleView1.class);
        Module1Intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_PREVIOUS_IS_TOP);
  Bundle Bundle = new Bundle();
  Bundle.putSerializable(ITabHostMenuHandler.TabHostSubClazzSimpleName.TAG_MODULE1, this);
  Module1Intent.putExtras(Bundle);
        view=getLocalActivityManager().startActivity("Module1", Module1Intent).getDecorView();
        container.addView(view);
        
        container.setPersistentDrawingCache(ViewGroup.PERSISTENT_ANIMATION_CACHE);
    }
    public void applyRotation(int position, float start, float end) {
     System.out.println("applyRotation start......");
        // Find the center of the container
        final float centerX = container.getWidth() / 2.0f;
        final float centerY = container.getHeight() / 2.0f;

        // Create a new 3D rotation with the supplied parameter
        // The animation listener is used to trigger the next animation
        final Rotate3dAnimation rotation =
                new Rotate3dAnimation(start, end, centerX, centerY, 310.0f, true);
        rotation.setDuration(500);
        rotation.setFillAfter(true);
        rotation.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());
        rotation.setAnimationListener(new DisplayNextView(position));

        container.startAnimation(rotation);
        System.out.println("applyRotation end .....");
    }




    /**
     * This class listens for the end of the first half of the animation.
     * It then posts a new action that effectively swaps the views when the container
     * is rotated 90 degrees and thus invisible.
     */
    private final class DisplayNextView implements Animation.AnimationListener {
        private final int mPosition;

        private DisplayNextView(int position) {
            mPosition = position;
        }

        public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {
        }

        public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {
            container.post(new SwapViews(mPosition));
        }

        public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {
        }
    }

    /**
     * This class is responsible for swapping the views and start the second
     * half of the animation.
     */
    private final class SwapViews implements Runnable {
        private final int mPosition;

        public SwapViews(int position) {
            mPosition = position;
        }

        public void run() {
            final float centerX = container.getWidth() / 2.0f;
            final float centerY = container.getHeight() / 2.0f;
            Rotate3dAnimation rotation;
            System.out.println("SwapViews start +++++++ ");
            if (mPosition > -1) {
             container.removeAllViews();
                Intent Module1Intent = new Intent(NewsTabActivity.this, ModuleView1.class);
                Module1Intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
          Bundle Bundle = new Bundle();
          Bundle.putSerializable(ITabHostMenuHandler.TabHostSubClazzSimpleName.TAG_MODULE1, NewsTabActivity.this);
          Module1Intent.putExtras(Bundle);
                view=getLocalActivityManager().startActivity("Module1", Module1Intent).getDecorView();
                container.addView(view);
               
                rotation = new Rotate3dAnimation(90, 180, centerX, centerY, 310.0f, false);
            } else {
             container.removeAllViews();
                Intent Module1Intent = new Intent(NewsTabActivity.this, ModuleView2.class);
                Module1Intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_PREVIOUS_IS_TOP);
          Bundle Bundle = new Bundle();
          Bundle.putSerializable(ITabHostMenuHandler.TabHostSubClazzSimpleName.TAG_MODULE2, NewsTabActivity.this);
          Module1Intent.putExtras(Bundle);
                view=getLocalActivityManager().startActivity("Module2", Module1Intent).getDecorView();
                container.addView(view);

                rotation = new Rotate3dAnimation(90, 0, centerX, centerY, 310.0f, false);
            }

            rotation.setDuration(500);
            rotation.setFillAfter(true);
            rotation.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());

            container.startAnimation(rotation);
            System.out.println("SwapViews end ++++++ ");
        }
    }
}

两个相互切换的Activity(ModuleView1.java和ModuleView2.java)
ModuleView1.java

package com.hhf.Transition3d;
import com.hhf.Transition3d.ITabHostMenuHandler.TabHostSubClazzSimpleName;
import com.huashao.Transition3d.R;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;

public class ModuleView1 extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {
  private ITabHostMenuHandler tabHostMenuHandler;
  private ImageView img;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.view1layout);
        img=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);
        img.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
   
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    Log.d("", "ModuleView1");
    tabHostMenuHandler. applyRotation(-1, 180, 90);
   }
  });
        tabHostMenuHandler = (ITabHostMenuHandler) getIntent().getExtras().getSerializable(TabHostSubClazzSimpleName.TAG_MODULE1);
    }

 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  
 }

}

ModuleView2.java

package com.hhf.Transition3d;



import com.hhf.Transition3d.ITabHostMenuHandler.TabHostSubClazzSimpleName;
import com.huashao.Transition3d.R;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class ModuleView2 extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {
  private ITabHostMenuHandler tabHostMenuHandler;
 private ImageView img;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.view2layout);
        img=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);
        img.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
   
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    Log.d("", "ModuleView1");
    tabHostMenuHandler.applyRotation(1, 0, 90);
   }
  });
        tabHostMenuHandler = (ITabHostMenuHandler) getIntent().getExtras().getSerializable(TabHostSubClazzSimpleName.TAG_MODULE2);
        ImageView i = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
        i.setOnClickListener(this);
    }
    

 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  switch (v.getId()) {
  case R.id.img:
   Intent in = new Intent(ModuleView2.this,MainActivity.class);
   startActivity(in);
   break;

  default:
   break;
  }
 }


}

从MoudleView2上面按钮跳转的MainActivity(正常继承自Acitivity的activity)

package com.hhf.Transition3d;

import com.huashao.Transition3d.R;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity{
 private ImageView img;
 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.view1layout);
        img=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);
        img.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
   
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    Intent in = new Intent(MainActivity.this,NewsTabActivity.class);
    startActivity(in);
   }
  });
 }
}

四、Camera的使用

Camera就像一个摄像机，一个物体在原地不动，然后我们带着这个摄像机四处移动，在摄像机里面呈现出来的画面，就会有立体感，就可以从各个角度观看这个物体。

它有旋转、平移的一系列方法，实际上都是在改变一个Matrix对象，一系列操作完毕之后，我们得到这个Matrix，然后画我们的物体，就可以了。

常用的API如下：

　　rotateX(float degree) 绕着x轴旋转degree个度数

　　rotateY(float degree) 绕着y轴旋转degree个度数

　　rotateZ(float degree) 绕着z轴旋转degree个度数

　　translate(float x,float y,float z) 平移一段距离

　　save()和restore() 作用跟Canvas的一样，保存原状态，操作完之后，恢复到原状态。