android 蓝牙开发浅析

转自  http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1335146166780.html

由于近期正在开发一个通过蓝牙进行数据传递的模块,在参考了有关资料,并详细阅读了Android的官方文档后,总结了Android中蓝牙模块的使用。


1. 使用蓝牙的响应权限

1 <strong>    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /> 
2     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />  </strong>


2. 配置本机蓝牙模块

在这里首先要了解对蓝牙操作一个核心类BluetoothAdapter

01 BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); 
02 //直接打开系统的蓝牙设置面板 
03 Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); 
04 startActivityForResult(intent, 0x1); 
05 //直接打开蓝牙 
06 adapter.enable(); 
07 //关闭蓝牙 
08 adapter.disable(); 
09 //打开本机的蓝牙发现功能(默认打开120秒,可以将时间最多延长至300秒) 
10 discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);//设置持续时间(最多300秒)Intent discoveryIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);

3.搜索蓝牙设备

使用BluetoothAdapter的startDiscovery()方法来搜索蓝牙设备

startDiscovery()方法是一个异步方法,调用后会立即返回。该方法会进行对其他蓝牙设备的搜索,该过程会持续12秒。该方法调用后,搜索过程实际上是在一个System Service中进行的,所以可以调用cancelDiscovery()方法来停止搜索(该方法可以在未执行discovery请求时调用)。

请求Discovery后,系统开始搜索蓝牙设备,在这个过程中,系统会发送以下三个广播:

ACTION_DISCOVERY_START:开始搜索

ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED:搜索结束

ACTION_FOUND:找到设备,这个Intent中包含两个extra fields:EXTRA_DEVICE和EXTRA_CLASS,分别包含BluetooDevice和BluetoothClass。

我们可以自己注册相应的BroadcastReceiver来接收响应的广播,以便实现某些功能

01 // 创建一个接收ACTION_FOUND广播的BroadcastReceiver 
02 private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { 
03     public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { 
04         String action = intent.getAction(); 
05         // 发现设备 
06         if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) { 
07             // 从Intent中获取设备对象 
08             BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); 
09             // 将设备名称和地址放入array adapter,以便在ListView中显示 
10             mArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress()); 
11         
12     
13 }; 
14 // 注册BroadcastReceiver 
15 IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); 
16 registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter); // 不要忘了之后解除绑定

4. 蓝牙Socket通信

如果打算建议两个蓝牙设备之间的连接,则必须实现服务器端与客户端的机制。当两个设备在同一个RFCOMM channel下分别拥有一个连接的BluetoothSocket,这两个设备才可以说是建立了连接。

服务器设备与客户端设备获取BluetoothSocket的途径是不同的。服务器设备是通过accepted一个incoming connection来获取的,而客户端设备则是通过打开一个到服务器的RFCOMM channel来获取的。

 

服务器端的实现

通过调用BluetoothAdapter的listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String, UUID)方法来获取BluetoothServerSocket(UUID用于客户端与服务器端之间的配对)

调用BluetoothServerSocket的accept()方法监听连接请求,如果收到请求,则返回一个BluetoothSocket实例(此方法为block方法,应置于新线程中)

如果不想在accept其他的连接,则调用BluetoothServerSocket的close()方法释放资源(调用该方法后,之前获得的BluetoothSocket实例并没有close。但由于RFCOMM一个时刻只允许在一条channel中有一个连接,则一般在accept一个连接后,便close掉BluetoothServerSocket

01 private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
02     private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket;
03  
04     public AcceptThread() {
05         // Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmServerSocket,
06         // because mmServerSocket is final
07         BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;
08         try {
09             // MY_UUID is the app's UUID string, also used by the client code
10             tmp = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
11         catch (IOException e) { }
12         mmServerSocket = tmp;
13     }
14  
15     public void run() {
16         BluetoothSocket socket = null;
17         // Keep listening until exception occurs or a socket is returned
18         while (true) {
19             try {
20                 socket = mmServerSocket.accept();
21             catch (IOException e) {
22                 break;
23             }
24             // If a connection was accepted
25             if (socket != null) {
26                 // Do work to manage the connection (in a separate thread)
27                 manageConnectedSocket(socket);
28                 mmServerSocket.close();
29                 break;
30             }
31         }
32     }
33  
34     /** Will cancel the listening socket, and cause the thread to finish */
35     public void cancel() {
36         try {
37             mmServerSocket.close();
38         catch (IOException e) { }
39     }
40 }
客户端的实现

通过搜索得到服务器端的BluetoothService

调用BluetoothService的listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String, UUID)方法获取BluetoothSocket(该UUID应该同于服务器端的UUID)

调用BluetoothSocket的connect()方法(该方法为block方法),如果UUID同服务器端的UUID匹配,并且连接被服务器端accept,则connect()方法返回

注意:在调用connect()方法之前,应当确定当前没有搜索设备,否则连接会变得非常慢并且容易失败

01 <strong>    private class ConnectThread extends Thread { 
02         private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; 
03         private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice; 
04        
05         public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) { 
06             // Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmSocket, 
07             // because mmSocket is final 
08             BluetoothSocket tmp = null
09             mmDevice = device; 
10        
11             // Get a BluetoothSocket to connect with the given BluetoothDevice 
12             try 
13                 // MY_UUID is the app's UUID string, also used by the server code 
14                 tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); 
15             catch (IOException e) { } 
16             mmSocket = tmp; 
17         
18        
19         public void run() { 
20             // Cancel discovery because it will slow down the connection 
21             mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); 
22        
23             try 
24                 // Connect the device through the socket. This will block 
25                 // until it succeeds or throws an exception 
26                 mmSocket.connect(); 
27             catch (IOException connectException) { 
28                 // Unable to connect; close the socket and get out 
29                 try 
30                     mmSocket.close(); 
31                 catch (IOException closeException) { } 
32                 return
33             
34        
35             // Do work to manage the connection (in a separate thread) 
36             manageConnectedSocket(mmSocket); 
37         
38        
39         /** Will cancel an in-progress connection, and close the socket */ 
40         public void cancel() { 
41             try 
42                 mmSocket.close(); 
43             catch (IOException e) { } 
44         
45     }  </strong>
连接管理(数据通信)

分别通过BluetoothSocket的getInputStream()和getOutputStream()方法获取InputStream和OutputStream

使用read(bytes[])和write(bytes[])方法分别进行读写操作

注意:read(bytes[])方法会一直block,知道从流中读取到信息,而write(bytes[])方法并不是经常的block(比如在另一设备没有及时read或者中间缓冲区已满的情况下,write方法会block)

01 <strong>    private class ConnectedThread extends Thread { 
02         private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; 
03         private final InputStream mmInStream; 
04         private final OutputStream mmOutStream; 
05        
06         public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) { 
07             mmSocket = socket; 
08             InputStream tmpIn = null
09             OutputStream tmpOut = null
10        
11             // Get the input and output streams, using temp objects because 
12             // member streams are final 
13             try 
14                 tmpIn = socket.getInputStream(); 
15                 tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream(); 
16             catch (IOException e) { } 
17        
18             mmInStream = tmpIn; 
19             mmOutStream = tmpOut; 
20         
21        
22         public void run() { 
23             byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];  // buffer store for the stream 
24             int bytes; // bytes returned from read() 
25        
26             // Keep listening to the InputStream until an exception occurs 
27             while (true) { 
28                 try 
29                     // Read from the InputStream 
30                     bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer); 
31                     // Send the obtained bytes to the UI Activity 
32                     mHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_READ, bytes, -1, buffer) 
33                             .sendToTarget(); 
34                 catch (IOException e) { 
35                     break
36                 
37             
38         
39        
40         /* Call this from the main Activity to send data to the remote device */ 
41         public void write(byte[] bytes) { 
42             try { 
43                 mmOutStream.write(bytes); 
44             } catch (IOException e) { } 
45         
46        
47         /* Call this from the main Activity to shutdown the connection */ 
48         public void cancel() { 
49             try 
50                 mmSocket.close(); 
51             catch (IOException e) { } 
52         
53     }  </strong>

转自:http://blog.csdn.net/gd920129/article/details/7487761

  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值