转载:http://www.cnblogs.com/hnrainll/archive/2011/06/24/2088576.html
我们在刚开始写Linux设备驱动程序的时候, 很多时候都是利用mknod命令手动创建设备节点,实际上Linux内核为我们提供了一组函数,可以用来在模块加载的时候自动在/dev目录下创建相应设 备节点,并在卸载模块时删除该节点,当然前提条件是用户空间移植了udev。
首先,我们需要使用class_create()函数为设备创建一个类结构struct class,然后通过device_create()函数,为这个类的设备创建一个设备节点。
struct class *class_create(struct module *owner, const char *name);
owner:模块的拥有着,一般为"THIS_MODULE"
name:模块的名称,创建成功后,将显示在"/sys/class"中
struct device *device_create(struct class *class, struct device *parent,
dev_t devt, void *drvdata, const char *fmt, ...);
class:当前设备注册的类结构体指针
parent:指向当前设备的父设备,不存在就为NULL
devt:当前字符设备的设备号
drvdata:需要回调数据的结构体指针
fmt:设备名称
下面给出例子udev.c:
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");
int hello_major = 555;
int hello_minor = 0;
int number_of_devices = 1;
struct cdev cdev;
dev_t dev = 0;
struct class *my_class;
struct file_operations hello_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE
};
static int __init hello_2_init (void)
{
int result;
dev = MKDEV (hello_major, hello_minor);
result = register_chrdev_region (dev, number_of_devices, "hello");
if (result < 0) {
printk (KERN_WARNING "hello: can't get major number %d\n", hello_major);
return result;
}
cdev_init (&cdev, &hello_fops);
cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
cdev.ops = &hello_fops;
result = cdev_add (&cdev, MKDEV (hello_major, hello_minor) , 1);
if (result) {
printk (KERN_NOTICE "Error %d adding cdev\n", result);
return result;
}
/* create your own class under /sysfs */
my_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "my_class");
if(IS_ERR(my_class))
{
printk("Err: failed in creating class./n");
return -1;
}
/* register your own device in sysfs, and this will cause udev to create corresponding device node */
device_create( my_class, NULL, MKDEV(hello_major, 0), my_class, "hello-%d", 0 );
printk (KERN_INFO "Registered character driver/n");
return 0;
}
static void __exit hello_2_exit (void)
{
dev_t devno = MKDEV (hello_major, hello_minor);
cdev_del (&cdev);
device_destroy(my_class, MKDEV(hello_major, 0)); //delete device node under /dev
class_destroy(my_class); //delete class created by us
unregister_chrdev_region (devno, number_of_devices);
printk (KERN_INFO "char driver cleaned up/n");
}
module_init (hello_2_init);
module_exit (hello_2_exit);
执行sudo insmod udev.ko,可以发现在/dev目录下已经生成了hello-0文件,/sys/class/目录中存在my_class目录
执行sudo rmmod udev.ko,/dev目录下hello-0文件已经删除,同样my_class目录也不存在了
代码:http://yunpan.cn/cjnmhAZ6u2Q3c (提取码:51af)