十进制字符串转化成十六进制字符串（不定长）

设计思路

一般思路

一般如果需要将十进制转化成十六进制，先定义一个int data，然后从高位到地位遍历十进制字符串，将数据一位位的添加到data中，最后将data转成十六进制字符串输出就可以了，那么先来看看怎么转化成data

int string2int(const char *src_buf)
{
	int data = 0;
	pos = 0;
	while (0 != src_buf[pos])
	{
		data = data * 10 + src_buf[pos] - ‘0’；
		pos ++;
	}
	return data;
}

对于不定长字符长怎么处理？

根据上面的思路，我们还是需要定义一个大的buffer，用来存放十进制转化得来的特殊类型

const char* string2int(const char *src_buf)
{
	// 申请大内存并初始化为0
    int src_len = strlen(src_buf);
    unsigned char *data_buf = (unsigned char *)malloc(src_len);
    memset(data_buf, 0, src_len);
    // 取一位然后添加到buffer
    pos = 0;
    while (0 != src_buf[pos])
	{
		add_dec_to_last(data_buf, src_len, src_buf[pos] - ‘0’);
		pos ++;
	}
	
	return data_buf;
}

将数据添加到buffer中

void add_dec_to_last(unsigned char *data_buf, int data_len, int num)
{
    unsigned int mul_data = 0;
    unsigned char up_data = num;//用来存放进位

    for (int i = 0;i < data_len;i ++)
    {
        mul_data = data_buf[i];
        mul_data = mul_data * 10;
        data_buf[i] = (mul_data & 0x00FF) + up_data;
        up_data = (mul_data >> 8) & 0x00FF;
    }
}

完整代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <malloc.h>

const char HexToChar[] = {'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','a','b','c','d','e','f'};

void add_dec_to_last(unsigned char *data_buf, int data_len, int num)
{
    unsigned int mul_data = 0;
    unsigned char up_data = num;

    for (int i = 0;i < data_len;i ++)
    {
        mul_data = data_buf[i];
        mul_data = mul_data * 10;
        data_buf[i] = (mul_data & 0x00FF) + up_data;
        up_data = (mul_data >> 8) & 0x00FF;
    }
}

const unsigned char* string2int(const char *src_buf, int *data_len)
{
	// 申请大内存并初始化为0
    int src_len = strlen(src_buf);
    unsigned char *data_buf = (unsigned char *)malloc(src_len);
    memset(data_buf, 0, src_len);
    // 取一位然后添加到buffer
    int pos = 0;
    while (0 != src_buf[pos])
	{
		add_dec_to_last(data_buf, src_len, src_buf[pos] - '0');
		pos ++;
	}
	
    *data_len = src_len;
	return data_buf;
}

void dec_to_hex(const char *src_buf, char *dst_buf)
{
    int data_len;
    const unsigned char* data_buf = string2int(src_buf, &data_len);

    // 去掉字符开头的0
    int data_pos = data_len - 1;
    while (data_buf[data_pos] == 0)
    {
        data_pos --;
    }
    // 将数据存入buffer
    for (int i = data_pos,j = 0;i >= 0;j += 2,i --) 
    {
        dst_buf[j] = HexToChar[(data_buf[i] >> 4) & 0x0F];
        dst_buf[j + 1] = HexToChar[data_buf[i] & 0x0F];
    }
    dst_buf[(data_pos + 1) << 1] = 0;

    free((unsigned char*)data_buf); 
}

int main()
{
    char input[50];
    char output[50];
    printf("Input:");
    scanf("%s",input);
    dec_to_hex(input, output);
    printf("output:%s\n",output);
}