[LeetCode] ZigZag Conversion

Description

ZigZag Conversion: The string "PAYPALISHIRING" is written in a zigzag pattern on a given number of rows like this: (you may want to display this pattern in a fixed font for better legibility)

P   A   H   N
A P L S I I G
Y   I   R

And then read line by line: "PAHNAPLSIIGYIR"
Write the code that will take a string and make this conversion given a number of rows.
Example:

Input: s = "PAYPALISHIRING", numRows = 4
Output: "PINALSIGYAHRPI"
Explanation:
P     I    N
A   L S  I G
Y A   H R
P     I

Solution

The basic idea is to find the pattern. I find a pattern as follows:

Code

class Solution {
public:
    string convert(string s, int numRows) {
        if(numRows == 1)    return s;
        
        int len = s.length();
        string res = "";
        
        int tmp = 0;
        int circle = numRows - 1, inc = 2 * circle;
        while(tmp < len) {
            res += s[tmp];
            tmp += inc;
        }
        
        for(int i = 1; i < circle; i++) {
            tmp = i;
            int sum = inc;
            while(tmp < len) {
                res += s[tmp];
                if(sum - tmp < len)
                    res += s[sum - tmp];
                tmp += inc;
                sum += 2 * inc;
            }
        }
        
        tmp = circle;
        while(tmp < len) {
            res += s[tmp];
            tmp += inc;
        }
        
        return res;
    }
};

Complexity

Time complexity: O(n)
Space complexity: O(n)