python-re-findall()不区分大小写对文本进行查找和替换

2.6 我们需要不区分大小写再文本中进行查找，或者进行替换

>>> text='UPPER PYTHON, lower python, Mixed Python'
>>> re.findall('python',text,flags=re.IGNORECASE)
['PYTHON', 'python', 'Python']
>>> re.sub('python','snake',text,flags=re.IGNORECASE)
'UPPER snake, lower snake, Mixed snake'
>>>

• 但是上述方法只能简单替换，无法保持原待替换字符的大小写状态
• 若要做到保持原状态，需要辅助函数

>>> def match(word):
...     def replace(m):
...         text = m.group()
...         if text.isupper():
...             return word.upper()
...         elif text.islower():
...             return word.lower()
...         elif text[0].isupper():
...             return word.capitalize()
...         else:
...             return word
...     return replace

• 做如下操作替换

>>> re.findall('python',text,flags=re.IGNORECASE)
['PYTHON', 'python', 'Python']
>>> re.sub('python',match('snake'),text,flags=re.IGNORECASE)
'UPPER SNAKE, lower snake, Mixed Snake'
>>>