C++ string的一些操作 从简到深

赋值操作
#include<iostream>
#include<iterator>
#include<string>
#include<cassert>

int main()
{
	{
		std::string s;
		assert(s.empty() && (s.length() == 0) && (s.size() == 0));
	}
	{
		std::string s(4, '=');
		std::cout << s << std::endl;
	}
	{
		std::string const other("Exemplary");
		std::string s(other, 0, other.length() - 1);
		std::cout << s << std::endl;
	}
	{
		std::string s("C-style string", 7); //取前7个
		std::cout << s << std::endl;
	}
	{
		std::string s("C-style\0string");  //到\0处截止
		std::cout << s << std::endl;
	}
	{
		char mutable_c_str[] = "another C-style string";
		std::string s(std::begin(mutable_c_str) + 8, std::end(mutable_c_str) - 1);
		std::cout << s << std::endl;
	}
	{
		std::string const other("Exemplar");
		std::string s(other);
		std::cout << s << std::endl;
	}
	{
		std::string s(std::string("C++ by ") + std::string("example"));
		std::cout << s << std::endl;
	}
	{
		std::string s({ 'C', '-', 's', 't', 'y', 'l', 'e' });
		std::cout << s << std::endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}
assign的一些运用<pre name="code" class="cpp">int main()
{
	std::string s;
	s.assign(4, '=');
	std::cout << s << std::endl;

	std::string const c("Exemplary");
	s.assign(c);
	std::cout << s << std::endl;
	
	s.assign(c, 0, c.length() - 1);
	std::cout << s << std::endl;

	s.assign(std::string("C++ by ") + std::string("example"));
	std::cout << s << '\n';

	s.assign("C-style string", 7);
	std::cout << s << '\n';
	
	char mutable_c_str[] = "C-style string";
	s.assign(std::begin(mutable_c_str), std::end(mutable_c_str) - 1);
	std::cout << s << std::endl;

	system("pause");
}

at的一些操作 及异常的简单使用

int main()
{
	std::string s("message");

	s = "abc";
	s.at(2) = 'x';
	std::cout << s << std::endl;

	std::cout << "string size = " << s.size() << std::endl;
	std::cout << "string capacity = " << s.capacity() << std::endl;

	try{
		s.at(3) = 'x';
	}
	catch (std::out_of_range const& exc){
		std::cout << exc.what() << std::endl;
	}

	system("pause");
}