spring mvc 简单实例

启动服务器，加载配置文件（web.xml）

1. 配置DispatcherServlet对象（<servlet>标签）
   1. 加载springmvc.xml（beans配置）
      1. 开启注解扫描，创建Controller对象（@Controller注解生效）
      2. 创建视图解析器对象（InternalResourceViewResolver）
      3. 开启springMVC框架注解的支持（@RequestMapping注解生效），并自动配置适配器
2. 配置servlet映射器，映射生效（ <servlet-mapping>标签）

客户端（浏览器）发送请求，后台处理请求

目录结构

web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
 <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

<!-- 配置控制器servlet-->
 <servlet>
 <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置spring的beans.xml-->
 <init-param>
 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
 <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
 </init-param>
<!-- 标记容器在启动时加载此servlet-->
 <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>

<!-- 配置servlet映射器-->
 <servlet-mapping>
<!-- 绑定servlet上-->
 <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<!--地址匹配规则-->
 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<!-- 开启注解扫描-->
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.java"></context:component-scan>

<!-- 视图解析器-->
 <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 表示从哪里找网页-->
 <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<!-- 网页的结尾标识-->
 <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
 </bean>

<!-- 开启springMVC框架注解的支持-->
 <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

HelloController.java

package com.java.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

//控制器类
@Controller
public class HelloController {

// 映射为 /hello
 @RequestMapping(path = "/hello")
 public String sayHello()
 {
 System.out.println("Hello SpringMVC");
return "success";
}
}