SQL练习

 

1、查找入职最晚的员工的所有信息

表结构：

CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,  -- '员工编号'
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

查找结果：

emp_no	birth_date	first_name	last_name	gender	hire_date
10008	1958-02-19	Saniya	Kalloufi	M	1994-09-15

这里限定所有员工没有在同一天入职的，不过如果入职时间采用的是时间戳类型，其实也可以查到。MySQL时间类型有：Date、Datetime、Timestamp，前一种只有日期，后两种既有日期又有具体的时间。

select * from employees order by hire_date desc limit 1;

##错误
#select * from employees where hire_date in (select max(hire_date) from employees);
#SELECT * FROM employees WHERE hire_date = (SELECT MAX(hire_date) FROM employees);

 

2、查找入职员工时间排名倒数第三的员工所有信息

select * from employees order by hire_date desc limit 2, 1; #limit 2, 1表示从编号为2的记录开始，选一条数据

 

3、查找当前薪水详情以及部门编号dept_no

select s.*, d.dept_no from salaries s, dept_manager d where s.emp_no = d.emp_no and s.to_date = '9999-01-01' and d.to_date = '9999-01-01' order by s.emp_no;

SELECT s.emp_no, 
       s.salary,
       s.from_date,
       s.to_date,
       d.dept_no
FROM dept_manager d INNER JOIN salaries s
ON d.emp_no = s.emp_no
WHERE d.to_date = '9999-01-01' AND s.to_date = '9999-01-01'
GROUP BY s.emp_no;

##错误
#select salaries.emp_no, salary, from_date, to_date, dept_no from salaries, dept_manager where salaries.emp_no = dept_manager.emp_no and salaries.to_date = '9999-01-01' and dept_manager.to_date = '9999-01-01' order by salaries.emp_no;

参考：https://www.nowcoder.com/questionTerminal/c63c5b54d86e4c6d880e4834bfd70c3b?f=discussion

 

4、查找所有已经分配部门的员工的last_name和first_name以及dept_no

select last_name, first_name, dept_no from dept_emp d, employees e where d.emp_no = e.emp_no;

##