MySQL 8.0.13 密码问题 ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: NO)

先开一个cmd窗口A：

//开启MySQL
C:\WINDOWS\system32>net start mysql
MySQL 服务正在启动 ...
MySQL 服务已经启动成功。

//登陆报错
C:\WINDOWS\system32>mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

//关闭MySQL
C:\WINDOWS\system32>net stop mysql
MySQL 服务正在停止.
MySQL 服务已成功停止。

//无密码启动MySQL服务
C:\WINDOWS\system32>mysqld --console --skip-grant-tables --shared-memory
2018-11-22T14:06:27.964267Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] 
D:\mysql-8.0.13-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.13) starting as process 2972
2018-11-22T14:06:30.981556Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] 
CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2018-11-22T14:06:31.006330Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] 
D:\mysql-8.0.13-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe: ready for connections. 
Version: '8.0.13'  socket: ''  port: 0  MySQL Community Server - GPL.
2018-11-22T14:06:31.209604Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011311] [Server] 
Plugin mysqlx reported: 'All I/O interfaces are disabled, X Protocol won't be accessible'

再开一个cmd窗口B：

//无密码【登陆】（密码处直接enter）
C:\WINDOWS\system32>mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

//-------------------------------------------------免密码登陆设置空密码-------------------------------------------------------
//设置【空密码】
mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_string='' WHERE user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

//刷新
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

//查询
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root             | caching_sha2_password |                                                                        |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//---------------------------------------------设置加密的密码---------------------------------------------
//以caching_sha2_password加密密码并设置
mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH caching_sha2_password BY 'admin';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec)

//刷新
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

//查询
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root             | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$r/r8"We_EpPb9584lw2cALUsOsvkB/hHg1qUqocVxDMMkFQ8RyQcXASZoff5 |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

关闭A/B cmd窗口，再开一个cmd 窗口C

//登陆成功
C:\WINDOWS\system32>mysql -uroot -padmin
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

//修改加密方式
mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'admin';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)

//刷新
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

//查询
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root             | mysql_native_password | *4ACFE3202A5FF5CF467898FC58AAB1D615029441                              |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

其他常用cmd命令

//---------------------------------------常用语句------------------------------------------------------------
//修改加密规则
mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET plugin='mysql_native_password' WHERE user='root';

//查询
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;

//对密码进行加密
mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('admin') where user='root' and host='localhost';  

//刷新
flush privileges;

//退出
mysql> exit

注意：

mysql> use mysql;  
mysql> update user set password=password('123') where user='root' and host='localhost';  
//等价于
mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('123') where user='root' and host='localhost';  

C:\WINDOWS\system32>mysql -uroot -padmin 
//等价于
C:\WINDOWS\system32>mysql -u root -p admin