org.hibernate.boot.InvalidMappingException: Could not parse mapping document

整个异常日志如下：

org.hibernate.boot.InvalidMappingException: Could not parse mapping document: com/csdn/domain/Customer.hbm.xml (RESOURCE)
	at org.hibernate.boot.jaxb.internal.InputStreamXmlSource.doBind(InputStreamXmlSource.java:46)
	at org.hibernate.boot.jaxb.internal.UrlXmlSource.doBind(UrlXmlSource.java:36)
	at org.hibernate.boot.spi.XmlMappingBinderAccess.bind(XmlMappingBinderAccess.java:59)
	at org.hibernate.boot.MetadataSources.addResource(MetadataSources.java:274)
	at org.hibernate.boot.cfgxml.spi.MappingReference.apply(MappingReference.java:70)
	at org.hibernate.boot.internal.MetadataBuilderImpl.build(MetadataBuilderImpl.java:413)
	at org.hibernate.boot.internal.MetadataBuilderImpl.build(MetadataBuilderImpl.java:87)
	at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:692)
	at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:724)
	at com.csdn.test.CustomerTest.test(CustomerTest.java:18)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: org.hibernate.boot.MappingException: Unable to perform unmarshalling at line number 10 and column 42. Message: cvc-complex-type.3.2.2: 元素 'id' 中不允许出现属性 'colume'。 : origin(com/csdn/domain/Customer.hbm.xml)
	at org.hibernate.boot.jaxb.internal.AbstractBinder.jaxb(AbstractBinder.java:177)
	at org.hibernate.boot.jaxb.internal.MappingBinder.doBind(MappingBinder.java:61)
	at org.hibernate.boot.jaxb.internal.AbstractBinder.doBind(AbstractBinder.java:102)
	at org.hibernate.boot.jaxb.internal.AbstractBinder.bind(AbstractBinder.java:57)
	at org.hibernate.boot.jaxb.internal.InputStreamXmlSource.doBind(InputStreamXmlSource.java:43)
	... 32 more
Caused by: javax.xml.bind.UnmarshalException
 - with linked exception:
[org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 10; columnNumber: 42; cvc-complex-type.3.2.2: 元素 'id' 中不允许出现属性 'colume'。]
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.handleStreamException(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal0(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)
	at org.hibernate.boot.jaxb.internal.AbstractBinder.jaxb(AbstractBinder.java:171)
	... 36 more
Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 10; columnNumber: 42; cvc-complex-type.3.2.2: 元素 'id' 中不允许出现属性 'colume'。
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator$XSIErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.reportSchemaError(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.processAttributes(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleStartElement(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.validation.ValidatorHandlerImpl.startElement(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.ValidatingUnmarshaller.startElement(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.InterningXmlVisitor.startElement(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.StAXEventConnector.handleStartElement(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.StAXEventConnector.bridge(Unknown Source)
	... 39 more

解决异常的最重要的两点，第一是定位确定错误的大致位置，这个我们可以从第一行可以确定问题基本是处在Customer.hbm.xml。其次是确定产生的原因，一定要仔细阅读接下来的几个Caused by，从第一个Caused by，我们就可以基本确定错误的原因是出在属性'colume'，定睛一看，果然写错了，应该是属性'column'。所以遇到问题，首先要自己一步步检查，而不是上网搜索解答方法。因为同样的异常也有可能是不同原因造成的。