leetcode482: License Key Formatting

Now you are given a string S, which represents a software license key which we would like to format. The string S is composed of alphanumerical characters and dashes. The dashes split the alphanumerical characters within the string into groups. (i.e. if there are M dashes, the string is split into M+1 groups). The dashes in the given string are possibly misplaced.

We want each group of characters to be of length K (except for possibly the first group, which could be shorter, but still must contain at least one character). To satisfy this requirement, we will reinsert dashes. Additionally, all the lower case letters in the string must be converted to upper case.

So, you are given a non-empty string S, representing a license key to format, and an integer K. And you need to return the license key formatted according to the description above.

Example 1:

Input: S = "2-4A0r7-4k", K = 4

Output: "24A0-R74K"

Explanation: The string S has been split into two parts, each part has 4 characters.

Example 2:

Input: S = "2-4A0r7-4k", K = 3

Output: "24-A0R-74K"

Explanation: The string S has been split into three parts, each part has 3 characters except the first part as it could be shorter as said above.

Note:

1. The length of string S will not exceed 12,000, and K is a positive integer.
2. String S consists only of alphanumerical characters (a-z and/or A-Z and/or 0-9) and dashes(-).
3. String S is non-empty.

注意：使用这种方法有几个注意的地方。

1、这种方法可能会导致首位或者末位出现破折号，最简单的方法是在最后return之前判断首位和末位，如果有破折号就把它去除。

2、题目指出输入不可能为" "，但是当输入的字符串为" ---- "时，开始会去除所有的破折号，最后应当返回" "，所以注意在去除所有破折号之后要对字符串进行判断。

	public String licenseKeyFormatting(String S, int K) {
		S = S.toUpperCase().replace("-", "");
		if (S.isEmpty())
			return "";
		int u = S.length() % K;
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(S);
		sb.insert(u, "-");
		int count = u;
		while (count + K + 1 < sb.length()) {
			count = count + K + 1;
			sb.insert(count, "-");
		}
		S = sb.toString();
		if (S.charAt(0) == '-')
			S = S.substring(1, S.length());
		if (S.charAt(S.length() - 1) == '-')
			S = S.substring(0, S.length() - 1);
		return S;
	}