Spring Cloud Eureka 服务注册与发现

Eureka服务发现包含两大组件:

一.服务端发现组件(eureka server):也被称为服务注册中心,主要提供服务注册功能。

二.客户端发现组件(eureka client):主要用于处理服务的注册和发现。

 

为什么选择Eureka?


     1.他是Netflix公司开源产品,经历生产环境考验,以及3年时间不短迭代,非常稳定
     2.他是springcloud首选推荐的服务注册与发现组件,可以和其他组件无缝对接
     3.他和其他组件,如负载均衡组件Ribbon,熔断器组件Hystrix,熔断器监控组件Hystrix Dashboard,熔断器聚合监控组件            Turbine组件以及网关组件Zuul相互配合,很容易实现服务注册与发现,负载均衡,熔断和智能路由等功能。

 

Eureka服务过程:


     首先需要一个服务注册中心Eureka Server,服务提供者Eureka Client向服务注册中心Eureka Server注册,将自己的信息(如服务名和服务的ip地址等)通过Rest API的形式提交给服务注册中心Eureka Server。同样,服务消费者也可以向服务注册中心Eureka server注册,同时,服务消费者获得一份服务注册列表信息,该列表包含所有  向服务注册中心Eureka server注册服务的信息。获取服务注册列表之后服务消费者就知道服务提供者的ip,就可以通过http调度来消费服务提供者的服务。
 

一,服务端搭建

1. 创建一个基础SpringBoot工程(3种创建方式1.手动创建maven工程并修改相应依赖。2.start.spring.io创建。3.IntelliJ IDEA的spring initializr创建),经常命名为:Spring-server,本文命名为(microservice-springcloud),并 在pom.xml中引入必要的依赖内容:

<dependencies>
<!--增加eureka-server的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.SR3</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>

2.通过@EnableEurekaServer注解启动一个服务注册中心给其他应用进行对话

package com.itheima.microservicespringcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class MicroserviceSpringcloudApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(MicroserviceSpringcloudApplication.class, args);
	}
}

3.修改application.peopertises,本文创建application.yml,即修改application.yml:

server:
  port: 8761  
eureka:
  instance:                   #定义Eureka实例
    hostname: localhost #Eureka实例所在的主机名
 
  #eureka默认情况下,把自己当做客户端来注册自己,所以我们要禁用它
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false #表示是否将自己注册到Eureka Server上,默认为true 
    fetch-registry: false

4.启动服务,浏览器访问配置的路径:localhost:8761

显示还没有注册任何服务。

二:搭建服务提供者(即客户端)

1. 创建一个基础SpringBoot工程(3种创建方式1.手动创建maven工程并修改相应依赖。2.start.spring.io创建。3.IntelliJ IDEA的spring initializr创建),经常命名为:Spring-client,本文命名为(microservice-client),并 在pom.xml中引入必要的依赖内容:

</dependencies> 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.SR3</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
         </dependencyManagement>

2.创建一个Controller处理接口,注入DiscoveryClient对象:

package com.itheima.microserviceclient.controller;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloController {
	private final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(getClass());	
	@Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
	@RequestMapping(value = "/text", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String text(){
		String services = "Services: " + discoveryClient.getServices();
		System.out.println(services);
		return services;
		//return "HELLO WORD";
	}
}

3.在启动项中加入@EnableDiscoveryClient注解,激活eureka中的EnableDiscoveryClient实现

package com.itheima.microserviceclient;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class MicroserviceClientApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(MicroserviceClientApplication.class, args);
	}

}

4.3.修改application.peopertises,本文创建application.yml,即修改application.yml:

server:
  port: 8762 
eureka:
  instance:                   #定义Eureka实例
    hostname: localhost #Eureka实例所在的主机名
    prefer-ip-address: true
    
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone:
        http://localhost:8761/eureka/
    
spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-client    #名字

5.启动服务,浏览器访问配置的路径:localhost:8761

可以发现服务已经注册上了。

访问client:http://localhost:8762/text

说明注册成功。

三:搭建服务消费者

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38289534/article/details/82148192

四:搭建订单服务工程

1.创建一个基础SpringBoot工程(3种创建方式1.手动创建maven工程并修改相应依赖。2.start.spring.io创建。3.IntelliJ IDEA的spring initializr创建),经常命名为:Spring-client,本文命名为(microservice-order),并 在pom.xml中引入必要的依赖内容:

</dependencies> 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.SR3</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
         </dependencyManagement>

2.修改修改application.peopertises,本文创建application.yml,即修改application.yml:

server:
  port: 7900 
eureka:
  instance:                   #定义Eureka实例
    hostname: localhost #Eureka实例所在的主机名
    prefer-ip-address: true
    
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone:
        http://localhost:8761/eureka/
    
spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-order    #名字

3.创建实体类order

package com.itheima.microserviceorder.po;

public class Order {
	private String id;
	private Double price;
	private String receiverName;
	private String receiverAddress;
	private String receiverPhone;
	public Order(String id, Double price, String receiverName, String receiverAddress, String receiverPhone) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.price = price;
		this.receiverName = receiverName;
		this.receiverAddress = receiverAddress;
		this.receiverPhone = receiverPhone;
	}
	public Order() {		
	}
	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public Double getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(Double price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
	public String getReceiverName() {
		return receiverName;
	}
	public void setReceiverName(String receiverName) {
		this.receiverName = receiverName;
	}
	public String getReceiverAddress() {
		return receiverAddress;
	}
	public void setReceiverAddress(String receiverAddress) {
		this.receiverAddress = receiverAddress;
	}
	public String getReceiverPhone() {
		return receiverPhone;
	}
	public void setReceiverPhone(String receiverPhone) {
		this.receiverPhone = receiverPhone;
	}
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {		
		return "Order [id="+id+",price="+price+",receiverName="+receiverName+",receiverAddredss="+receiverAddress+",receiverPhone="+receiverPhone+"]";
	}	
}

4.创建orderController

package com.itheima.microserviceorder.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.itheima.microserviceorder.po.Order;

@RestController
public class OrderController {
	//通过id查询订单
	@GetMapping("/order/{id}")
	public String findOrderById(@PathVariable String id) {
		Order order = new Order();
		order.setId("123");
		order.setPrice(23.5);
		order.setReceiverName("xiaoqiang");
		order.setReceiverAddress("beijin");
		order.setReceiverPhone("110110110");
		return order.toString();
	}
}

5.引导类加入@EnableEurekaClient

6.在client工程引导类加入:

@Bean
	public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
		return new RestTemplate();
	}

7.在client工程创建userController:

package com.itheima.microserviceclient.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class UserController {	
	@Autowired
	private RestTemplate restTemplate;
	//根据用户查找订单
	@GetMapping("/findOrderByUser/{id}")
	public String findOrderByUser(@PathVariable String id) {
		//假设用户只有一个订单,订单id为123
		int oid = 123;
		return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:7900/order/1", String.class);
	}
}

8.启动服务:

已经注册好,然后可以通过http://localhost:7900/order/1 查询数据

也可以通过client服务访问:

 

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