方法区使用举例

public class MethodAreaDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int x = 500;
        int y = 100;
        int a = x / y;
        int b = 50;
        System.out.println(a + b);
    }
}

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字节码

public class com.atguigu.java1.MethodAreaDemo
  minor version: 0
  major version: 51
  flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
Constant pool:
   #1 = Methodref          #5.#24         // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
   #2 = Fieldref           #25.#26        // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
   #3 = Methodref          #27.#28        // java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
   #4 = Class              #29            // com/atguigu/java1/MethodAreaDemo
   #5 = Class              #30            // java/lang/Object
   #6 = Utf8               <init>
   #7 = Utf8               ()V
   #8 = Utf8               Code
   #9 = Utf8               LineNumberTable
  #10 = Utf8               LocalVariableTable
  #11 = Utf8               this
  #12 = Utf8               Lcom/atguigu/java1/MethodAreaDemo;
  #13 = Utf8               main
  #14 = Utf8               ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
  #15 = Utf8               args
  #16 = Utf8               [Ljava/lang/String;
  #17 = Utf8               x
  #18 = Utf8               I
  #19 = Utf8               y
  #20 = Utf8               a
  #21 = Utf8               b
  #22 = Utf8               SourceFile
  #23 = Utf8               MethodAreaDemo.java
  #24 = NameAndType        #6:#7          // "<init>":()V
  #25 = Class              #31            // java/lang/System
  #26 = NameAndType        #32:#33        // out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #27 = Class              #34            // java/io/PrintStream
  #28 = NameAndType        #35:#36        // println:(I)V
  #29 = Utf8               com/atguigu/java1/MethodAreaDemo
  #30 = Utf8               java/lang/Object
  #31 = Utf8               java/lang/System
  #32 = Utf8               out
  #33 = Utf8               Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #34 = Utf8               java/io/PrintStream
  #35 = Utf8               println
  #36 = Utf8               (I)V
{
  public com.atguigu.java1.MethodAreaDemo();
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
         0: aload_0
         1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
         4: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 7: 0
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0       5     0  this   Lcom/atguigu/java1/MethodAreaDemo;

  public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
    descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
    Code:
      stack=3, locals=5, args_size=1
         0: sipush        500
         3: istore_1
         4: bipush        100
         6: istore_2
         7: iload_1
         8: iload_2
         9: idiv
        10: istore_3
        11: bipush        50
        13: istore        4
        15: getstatic     #2                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        18: iload_3
        19: iload         4
        21: iadd
        22: invokevirtual #3                  // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        25: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 9: 0
        line 10: 4
        line 11: 7
        line 12: 11
        line 13: 15
        line 14: 25
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0      26     0  args   [Ljava/lang/String;
            4      22     1     x   I
            7      19     2     y   I
           11      15     3     a   I
           15      11     4     b   I
}
SourceFile: "MethodAreaDemo.java"
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图解字节码指令执行流程
1、初始状态

2、首先将操作数500压入操作数栈中

3、然后操作数 500 从操作数栈中取出，存储到局部变量表中索引为 1 的位置

4、将操作数100压入操作数栈中

5、然后操作数 100 从操作数栈中取出，存储到局部变量表中索引为 2 的位置

6、读取本地变量 1 ，压入操作数栈

7、读取本地变量 2 ，压入操作数栈

8、两数相除，计算结果放在操作数栈顶，之后执行 istore_3 指令，将计算结果从操作数栈中弹出，存入本地变量表 3 中

9、将操作数 50 压入操作数栈

10、将操作数 50 从栈顶弹出，保存在局部变量表 4 中

11、获取 System.out 输出流的引用

12、将本地变量表 3 的值取出，压入操作数栈中，准备进行加法运算

13、将本地变量表 4 的值取出，压入操作数栈中，准备进行加法运算

15、执行加法运算后，将计算结果放在操作数栈顶

调用静态方法 println( ) ，输出加法结果

16、main( ) 方法执行结束

关于【符号引用 --> 直接引用】的理解

上面代码调用 System.out.println() 方法时，首先需要看看 System 类有没有加载，再看看 PrintStream 类有没有加载
如果没有加载，则执行加载，执行时，将常量池中的符号引用（字面量）转换为运行时常量池的直接引用（真正的地址值）