bert-create_pretraining_data代码学习

# coding=utf-8

# Copyright 2018 The Google AI Language Team Authors.

#

# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

# You may obtain a copy of the License at

#

#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

#

# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

# limitations under the License.

"""Create masked LM/next sentence masked_lm TF examples for BERT."""

from __future__ import absolute_import

from __future__ import division

from __future__ import print_function

import collections

import random

import tokenization

import tensorflow as tf

flags = tf.flags

FLAGS = flags.FLAGS

flags.DEFINE_string("input_file", None,

                    "Input raw text file (or comma-separated list of files).")

flags.DEFINE_string(

    "output_file", None,

    "Output TF example file (or comma-separated list of files).")

flags.DEFINE_string("vocab_file", None,

                    "The vocabulary file that the BERT model was trained on.")

flags.DEFINE_bool(

    "do_lower_case", True,

    "Whether to lower case the input text. Should be True for uncased "

    "models and False for cased models.")

flags.DEFINE_integer("max_seq_length", 128, "Maximum sequence length.")

flags.DEFINE_integer("max_predictions_per_seq", 20,

                     "Maximum number of masked LM predictions per sequence.")

flags.DEFINE_integer("random_seed", 12345, "Random seed for data generation.")

flags.DEFINE_integer(

    "dupe_factor", 10,

    "Number of times to duplicate the input data (with different masks).")

flags.DEFINE_float("masked_lm_prob", 0.15, "Masked LM probability.")

flags.DEFINE_float(

    "short_seq_prob", 0.1,

    "Probability of creating sequences which are shorter than the "

    "maximum length.")


class TrainingInstance(object):
    """A single training instance (sentence pair)."""

    def __init__(self, tokens, segment_ids, masked_lm_positions, masked_lm_labels,

                 is_random_next):
        self.tokens = tokens

        self.segment_ids = segment_ids

        self.is_random_next = is_random_next

        self.masked_lm_positions = masked_lm_positions

        self.masked_lm_labels = masked_lm_labels

    def __str__(self):
        s = ""

        s += "tokens: %s\n" % (" ".join(

            [tokenization.printable_text(x) for x in self.tokens]))

        s += "segment_ids: %s\n" % (" ".join([str(x) for x in self.segment_ids]))

        s += "is_random_next: %s\n" % self.is_random_next

        s += "masked_lm_positions: %s\n" % (" ".join(

            [str(x) for x in self.masked_lm_positions]))

        s += "masked_lm_labels: %s\n" % (" ".join(

            [tokenization.printable_text(x) for x in self.masked_lm_labels]))

        s += "\n"

        return s

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.__str__()


def write_instance_to_example_files(instances, tokenizer, max_seq_length,

                                    max_predictions_per_seq, output_files):
    """Create TF example files from `TrainingInstance`s."""

    writers = []

    for output_file in output_files:
        writers.append(tf.python_io.TFRecordWriter(output_file))

    writer_index = 0

    total_written = 0

    for (inst_index, instance) in enumerate(instances):

        input_ids = tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids(instance.tokens)

        input_mask = [1] * len(input_ids)

        segment_ids = list(instance.segment_ids)

        assert len(input_ids) <= max_seq_length

        while len(input_ids) < max_seq_length:
            input_ids.append(0)

            input_mask.append(0)

            segment_ids.append(0)

        assert len(input_ids) == max_seq_length

        assert len(input_mask) == max_seq_length

        assert len(segment_ids) == max_seq_length

        masked_lm_positions = list(instance.masked_lm_positions)

        masked_lm_ids = tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids(instance.masked_lm_labels)

        masked_lm_weights = [1.0] * len(masked_lm_ids)

        while len(masked_lm_positions) < max_predictions_per_seq:
            masked_lm_positions.append(0)

            masked_lm_ids.append(0)

            masked_lm_weights.append(0.0)

        next_sentence_label = 1 if instance.is_random_next else 0

        features = collections.OrderedDict()

        features["input_ids"] = create_int_feature(input_ids)

        features["input_mask"] = create_int_feature(input_mask)

        features["segment_ids"] = create_int_feature(segment_ids)

        features["masked_lm_positions"] = create_int_feature(masked_lm_positions)

        features["masked_lm_ids"] = create_int_feature(masked_lm_ids)

        features["masked_lm_weights"] = create_float_feature(masked_lm_weights)

        features["next_sentence_labels"] = create_int_feature([next_sentence_label])

        tf_example = tf.train.Example(features=tf.train.Features(feature=features))

        writers[writer_index].write(tf_example.SerializeToString())

        writer_index = (writer_index + 1) % len(writers)

        total_written += 1

        if inst_index < 20:

            tf.logging.info("*** Example ***")

            tf.logging.info("tokens: %s" % " ".join(

                [tokenization.printable_text(x) for x in instance.tokens]))

            for feature_name in features.keys():

                feature = features[feature_name]

                values = []

                if feature.int64_list.value:

                    values = feature.int64_list.value

                elif feature.float_list.value:

                    values = feature.float_list.value

                tf.logging.info(

                    "%s: %s" % (feature_name, " ".join([str(x) for x in values])))

    for writer in writers:
        writer.close()

    tf.logging.info("Wrote %d total instances", total_written)


def create_int_feature(values):
    feature = tf.train.Feature(int64_list=tf.train.Int64List(value=list(values)))

    return feature


def create_float_feature(values):
    feature = tf.train.Feature(float_list=tf.train.FloatList(value=list(values)))

    return feature


def create_training_instances(input_files, tokenizer, max_seq_length,

                              dupe_factor, short_seq_prob, masked_lm_prob,

                              max_predictions_per_seq, rng):
    """Create `TrainingInstance`s from raw text."""

    all_documents = [[]]

    # Input file format:

    # (1) One sentence per line. These should ideally be actual sentences, not

    # entire paragraphs or arbitrary spans of text. (Because we use the

    # sentence boundaries for the "next sentence prediction" task).

    # (2) Blank lines between documents. Document boundaries are needed so

    # that the "next sentence prediction" task doesn't span between documents.

    for input_file in input_files:

        with tf.gfile.GFile(input_file, "r") as reader:

            while True:

                line = tokenization.convert_to_unicode(reader.readline())

                if not line:
                    break

                line = line.strip()

                # Empty lines are used as document delimiters

                if not line:
                    all_documents.append([])

                tokens = tokenizer.tokenize(line)

                if tokens:
                    all_documents[-1].append(tokens)

    # Remove empty documents

    all_documents = [x for x in all_documents if x]

    rng.shuffle(all_documents)

    vocab_words = list(tokenizer.vocab.keys())

    instances = []

    for _ in range(dupe_factor):

        for document_index in range(len(all_documents)):
            instances.extend(

                create_instances_from_document(

                    all_documents, document_index, max_seq_length, short_seq_prob,

                    masked_lm_prob, max_predictions_per_seq, vocab_words, rng))

    rng.shuffle(instances)

    return instances


def create_instances_from_document(

        all_documents, document_index, max_seq_length, short_seq_prob,

        masked_lm_prob, max_predictions_per_seq, vocab_words, rng):
    """Creates `TrainingInstance`s for a single document."""

    document = all_documents[document_index]

    # Account for [CLS], [SEP], [SEP]

    max_num_tokens = max_seq_length - 3

    # We *usually* want to fill up the entire sequence since we are padding

    # to `max_seq_length` anyways, so short sequences are generally wasted

    # computation. However, we *sometimes*

    # (i.e., short_seq_prob == 0.1 == 10% of the time) want to use shorter

    # sequences to minimize the mismatch between pre-training and fine-tuning.

    # The `target_seq_length` is just a rough target however, whereas

    # `max_seq_length` is a hard limit.

    target_seq_length = max_num_tokens

    if rng.random() < short_seq_prob:
        target_seq_length = rng.randint(2, max_num_tokens)

    # We DON'T just concatenate all of the tokens from a document into a long

    # sequence and choose an arbitrary split point because this would make the

    # next sentence prediction task too easy. Instead, we split the input into

    # segments "A" and "B" based on the actual "sentences" provided by the user

    # input.

    instances = []

    current_chunk = []

    current_length = 0

    i = 0

    while i < len(document):

        segment = document[i]

        current_chunk.append(segment)

        current_length += len(segment)

        if i == len(document) - 1 or current_length >= target_seq_length:

            if current_chunk:

                # `a_end` is how many segments from `current_chunk` go into the `A`

                # (first) sentence.

                a_end = 1

                if len(current_chunk) >= 2:
                    a_end = rng.randint(1, len(current_chunk) - 1)

                tokens_a = []

                for j in range(a_end):
                    tokens_a.extend(current_chunk[j])

                tokens_b = []

                # Random next

                is_random_next = False

                if len(current_chunk) == 1 or rng.random() < 0.5:

                    is_random_next = True

                    target_b_length = target_seq_length - len(tokens_a)

                    # This should rarely go for more than one iteration for large

                    # corpora. However, just to be careful, we try to make sure that

                    # the random document is not the same as the document

                    # we're processing.

                    for _ in range(10):

                        random_document_index = rng.randint(0, len(all_documents) - 1)

                        if random_document_index != document_index:
                            break

                    random_document = all_documents[random_document_index]

                    random_start = rng.randint(0, len(random_document) - 1)

                    for j in range(random_start, len(random_document)):

                        tokens_b.extend(random_document[j])

                        if len(tokens_b) >= target_b_length:
                            break

                    # We didn't actually use these segments so we "put them back" so

                    # they don't go to waste.

                    num_unused_segments = len(current_chunk) - a_end

                    i -= num_unused_segments

                # Actual next

                else:

                    is_random_next = False

                    for j in range(a_end, len(current_chunk)):
                        tokens_b.extend(current_chunk[j])

                truncate_seq_pair(tokens_a, tokens_b, max_num_tokens, rng)

                assert len(tokens_a) >= 1

                assert len(tokens_b) >= 1

                tokens = []

                segment_ids = []

                tokens.append("[CLS]")

                segment_ids.append(0)

                for token in tokens_a:
                    tokens.append(token)

                    segment_ids.append(0)

                tokens.append("[SEP]")

                segment_ids.append(0)

                for token in tokens_b:
                    tokens.append(token)

                    segment_ids.append(1)

                tokens.append("[SEP]")

                segment_ids.append(1)

                (tokens, masked_lm_positions,

                 masked_lm_labels) = create_masked_lm_predictions(

                    tokens, masked_lm_prob, max_predictions_per_seq, vocab_words, rng)

                instance = TrainingInstance(

                    tokens=tokens,

                    segment_ids=segment_ids,

                    is_random_next=is_random_next,

                    masked_lm_positions=masked_lm_positions,

                    masked_lm_labels=masked_lm_labels)

                instances.append(instance)

            current_chunk = []

            current_length = 0

        i += 1

    return instances


MaskedLmInstance = collections.namedtuple("MaskedLmInstance",

                                          ["index", "label"])


def create_masked_lm_predictions(tokens, masked_lm_prob,

                                 max_predictions_per_seq, vocab_words, rng):
    """Creates the predictions for the masked LM objective."""

    cand_indexes = []

    for (i, token) in enumerate(tokens):

        if token == "[CLS]" or token == "[SEP]":
            continue

        cand_indexes.append(i)

    rng.shuffle(cand_indexes)

    output_tokens = list(tokens)

    num_to_predict = min(max_predictions_per_seq,

                         max(1, int(round(len(tokens) * masked_lm_prob))))

    masked_lms = []

    covered_indexes = set()

    for index in cand_indexes:

        if len(masked_lms) >= num_to_predict:
            break

        if index in covered_indexes:
            continue

        covered_indexes.add(index)

        masked_token = None

        # 80% of the time, replace with [MASK]

        if rng.random() < 0.8:

            masked_token = "[MASK]"

        else:

            # 10% of the time, keep original

            if rng.random() < 0.5:

                masked_token = tokens[index]

            # 10% of the time, replace with random word

            else:

                masked_token = vocab_words[rng.randint(0, len(vocab_words) - 1)]

        output_tokens[index] = masked_token

        masked_lms.append(MaskedLmInstance(index=index, label=tokens[index]))

    masked_lms = sorted(masked_lms, key=lambda x: x.index)

    masked_lm_positions = []

    masked_lm_labels = []

    for p in masked_lms:
        masked_lm_positions.append(p.index)

        masked_lm_labels.append(p.label)

    return (output_tokens, masked_lm_positions, masked_lm_labels)


def truncate_seq_pair(tokens_a, tokens_b, max_num_tokens, rng):
    """Truncates a pair of sequences to a maximum sequence length."""

    while True:

        total_length = len(tokens_a) + len(tokens_b)

        if total_length <= max_num_tokens:
            break

        trunc_tokens = tokens_a if len(tokens_a) > len(tokens_b) else tokens_b

        assert len(trunc_tokens) >= 1

        # We want to sometimes truncate from the front and sometimes from the

        # back to add more randomness and avoid biases.

        if rng.random() < 0.5:

            del trunc_tokens[0]

        else:

            trunc_tokens.pop()


def main(_):
    tf.logging.set_verbosity(tf.logging.INFO)

    tokenizer = tokenization.FullTokenizer(

        vocab_file=FLAGS.vocab_file, do_lower_case=FLAGS.do_lower_case)

    input_files = []

    for input_pattern in FLAGS.input_file.split(","):
        input_files.extend(tf.gfile.Glob(input_pattern))

    tf.logging.info("*** Reading from input files ***")

    for input_file in input_files:
        tf.logging.info("  %s", input_file)

    rng = random.Random(FLAGS.random_seed)

    instances = create_training_instances(

        input_files, tokenizer, FLAGS.max_seq_length, FLAGS.dupe_factor,

        FLAGS.short_seq_prob, FLAGS.masked_lm_prob, FLAGS.max_predictions_per_seq,

        rng)

    output_files = FLAGS.output_file.split(",")

    tf.logging.info("*** Writing to output files ***")

    for output_file in output_files:
        tf.logging.info("  %s", output_file)

    write_instance_to_example_files(instances, tokenizer, FLAGS.max_seq_length,

                                    FLAGS.max_predictions_per_seq, output_files)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    flags.mark_flag_as_required("input_file")

    flags.mark_flag_as_required("output_file")

    flags.mark_flag_as_required("vocab_file")

    tf.app.run()