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一、Redis基础学习
参考:Redis教程
二、RedisTemplate的应用
参考:Spring中使用RedisTemplate操作Redis
三、项目中的关键操作
假设我需要存储用户的真实信息,并且对认证次数有限制:最多可认证3次,3次还未通过时,该账号不可再进行实名认证操作。
于是我需要用到redis来存储此用户认证失败的次数,并且需要一个状态标志来分别存储认证失败时的value认证次数以及认证成功时的value真实信息,并且在用户在规定次数限制内认证成功时移除掉用户认证失败的Cache(如果有的话)
1.产生key
以uid与verifyState为key
单独建一个用来存储key的类RedisConstant
public static final String REDIS_KEY_REAL_INFO_VERIFY = "user:%s:verify_state:%s";
private String genRealInfoVerifyKey(Long uid, Byte verifyState) {
return String.format(RedisConstant.REDIS_KEY_REAL_INFO_VERIFY, uid, verifyState);
}
认证失败,则值为0的verifyState与uid一起作为key。
认证成功,则值为1的verifyState与uid一起作为key。
2.增加Cache
//认证成功
addRealInfoVerifyCache(uid, RealInfoVerifyStateEnum.Verify_Success.value(), realInfo, null);
//认证失败
Integer verifiedNum = 0;
addRealInfoVerifyCache(uid, RealInfoVerifyStateEnum.Verify_Failure.value(), null, verifiedNum);
String key = genRealInfoVerifyKey(uid, verifyState);
redisCache.incr(key, 1);//将verifiedNum增1
private void addRealInfoVerifyCache(Long uid, Byte verifyState, RealInfo realInfo, Integer verifiedNum){
if (RealInfoVerifyStateEnum.Verify_Success.equals(verifyState)){
redisCache.putCache(genRealInfoVerifyKey(uid, verifyState), realInfo);
}else if (RealInfoVerifyStateEnum.Verify_Failure.equals(verifyState)){
redisCache.set(genRealInfoVerifyKey(uid, verifyState), verifiedNum.toString());
}
}
认证失败,则verifiedNum(失败次数)为value。verifiedNum为整数。
认证成功,则realInfo(真实信息)为value。realInfo为实体类。
set操作与putCache操作的不同
set
适用于value为字符串的情况
public void set(String key, String value) {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
}
putCache
适用于value为实体类的情况,对类进行序列化操作来进行存储
public <T> boolean putCache(String key, T obj) {
final byte[] bKey = key.getBytes();
final byte[] bValue = ProtoStuffSerializerUtil.serialize(obj);
boolean result = redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Boolean>() {
@Override
public Boolean doInRedis(RedisConnection connection) throws DataAccessException {
return connection.setNX(bKey, bValue);
}
});
return result;
}
3.获取Cache
普通字符串
//获取认证失败的次数
String key = genRealInfoVerifyKey(uid, RealInfoVerifyStateEnum.Verify_Failure.value());
String verifiedNumStr = redisCache.get(key);
利用反序列化取类
//获取用户真实信息
String key = genRealInfoVerifyKey(uid, RealInfoVerifyStateEnum.Verify_Success.value());
RealInfo realInfo = redisCache.getCache(key, RealInfo.class);
redisCache.getCache
public <T> T getCache(final String key, Class<T> targetClass) {
byte[] result = redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<byte[]>() {
@Override
public byte[] doInRedis(RedisConnection connection) throws DataAccessException {
return connection.get(key.getBytes());
}
});
if (result == null) {
return null;
}
return ProtoStuffSerializerUtil.deserialize(result, targetClass);
}
4.移除Cache
removeRealInfoVerifyCache(uid, RealInfoVerifyStateEnum.Verify_Failure.value());
removeRealInfoVerifyCache(uid, RealInfoVerifyStateEnum.Verify_Success.value());
private void removeRealInfoVerifyCache(Long uid, Byte verifyState){
redisCache.deleteCache(genRealInfoVerifyKey(uid, verifyState));
}
四、其它补充
1.RedisCache封装类
package com.component.cache;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.qumitech.douqu.component.util.ProtoStuffSerializerUtil;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnection;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisCallback;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ZSetOperations;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* redis缓存
*
* @author yingjun
*/
@Component("RedisCache")
public class RedisCache {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger