SpringMVC_2

SpringMVC_2

1.SpringMVC的注解开发

1.1创建项目

1.2完善项目

1.3导入依赖

1.4配置web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServle</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServle</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

1.5配置SpringMVC配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--开启注解-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
    <!--配置自动扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wangxing.springmvc.controller"></context:component-scan>
    <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <!--org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
        <property name="suffix"  value=""></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

 

1.6创建控制器

package com.wangxing.springmvc.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/test1.do")
    public ModelAndView  testRequest(){
        ModelAndView  mav=new ModelAndView();
        mav.addObject("info","hello,网星软件");
        mav.setViewName("test.jsp");
        return  mav;
    }
}

1.7创建jsp

1.8 配置服务部署项目

1.9 测试http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/test1.do

2.@Controller注解

@Controller---表示我们所编写的java类是一个处理请求的控制器类。

              只能作用在java类。

              可以使用@Component去代替，在javaweb程序中是分层出来的为了表名java类是一个控制器，我们才使用@Controller

@Controller中包含有@Component。

@Controller与我们在spring中学习的@Service和@Repository将应用程序标记为不同的层。

数据访问层------@Repository

业务访问层------@Service

Web层【控制层】----@Controller

webapp------------静态资源

3.@RequestMapping

设置控制器类/请求处理方法的访问路径的

@RequestMapping可以作用在java类上，表示配置这个java类的访问路径；

package com.wangxing.springmvc.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController{
    @RequestMapping("/test1.do")
    public ModelAndView  testRequest(){
        ModelAndView  mav=new ModelAndView();
        mav.addObject("info","hello,网星软件");
        mav.setViewName("test.jsp");
        return  mav;
    }
}

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/hello/test1.do

如果控制器类中没有@RequestMapping("/hello")，那么我们要访问请求处理方法就可以直接使用请求处理方法上@RequestMapping("/test1.do")的访问路径。

package com.wangxing.springmvc.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class HelloController{
    @RequestMapping("/test1.do")
    public ModelAndView  testRequest(){
        ModelAndView  mav=new ModelAndView();
        mav.addObject("info","hello,网星软件");
        mav.setViewName("test.jsp");
        return  mav;
    }
}

 

@RequestMapping也可以作用在请求处理方法上，表示配置这个请求处理方法的访问路径。

@RequestMapping的常用的属性

1. value表示设置访问路径[可以省略] 

@RequestMapping(value = "/test1.do")

可以省略

@RequestMapping("/test1.do")

设置访问路径的时候可以设置通配符

 ？ ： 匹配任何单字符

例如：@RequestMapping("/?hello.test")

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/atest1.do

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/test1.do //错误

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/hhhtest1.do //错误

*  ： 匹配任意数量的字符

例如：@RequestMapping("/*hello.test")

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/test1.do

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/wtest1.do

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/wwwtest1.do

例如：@RequestMapping("/*/hello.test")

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/w/test1.do

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/www/test1.do

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/test1.do  //错误

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/hhhh/www/test1.do  //错误

** ： 匹配多个路径

例如：@RequestMapping("/**/hello.test")

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/test1.do

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/w/test1.do

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/www/test1.do

http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/hhh/www/test1.do

2.method--限制请求的访问方式【GET、POST.....】

表现形式:@RequestMapping(value = "/login.do",method = RequestMethod.POST )

Index.jsp

<%@page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<html>
<body>
  <form action="test1.do" method="get">
    <input type="submit" value="测试Method属性"/>
  </form>
</body>
</html>

package com.wangxing.springmvc.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class HelloController{
    @RequestMapping(value = "/test1.do",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ModelAndView  testRequest(){
        ModelAndView  mav=new ModelAndView();
        mav.addObject("info","hello,网星软件");
        mav.setViewName("test.jsp");
        return  mav;
    }
}

 

将index.jsp页面中的表单提交放射修改成post即可成功。

只能处理get请求

@RequestMapping(value = "/gethello.do",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@GetMapping(value = "/gethello.do")

只能处理post请求

@RequestMapping(value = "/gethello.do",method = RequestMethod.POST)
@PostMapping(value = "/gethello.do")

 

4.请求处理方法接收请求参数值

1.@PathVariable 定义在方法上获取请求url路径上的参数数据

例如:

请求处理方法:

@RequestMapping(value = "/get1/{username}/{password}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView  getReqParam1(@PathVariable("username")String name,
@PathVariable("password")String pass){
    ModelAndView  mav=new ModelAndView();
    mav.addObject("username",name);
    mav.addObject("password",pass);
    mav.setViewName("test.jsp");
    return  mav;
}

http请求：http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/get1/zhangsan/123456

注意:web.xml文件的中央中央控制的<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

2.@RequestParam  定义在方法上，获取请求中通过key=value方式传递的参数数据

例如:

请求处理方法

@RequestMapping(value = "/get2",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView  getReqParam2(@RequestParam("username")String name, @RequestParam("password")String pass){
    ModelAndView  mav=new ModelAndView();
    mav.addObject("username",name);
    mav.addObject("password",pass);
    mav.setViewName("test.jsp");
    return  mav;
}

 

http请求:http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/get2?username=lisi&password=000000

web.xml文件的中央中央控制器的<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

请求处理方法:@RequestMapping(value = "/get2.do",method = RequestMethod.GET)
http请求:http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/get2.do?username=lisi&password=000000

3.HttpServletRequest对象的getParameter()方法接收数据

例如:

请求处理方法

@RequestMapping(value = "/get3.do",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView  getReqParam3(HttpServletRequest  request){
    String name=request.getParameter("username");
    String pass=request.getParameter("password");
    ModelAndView  mav=new ModelAndView();
    mav.addObject("username",name);
    mav.addObject("password",pass);
    mav.setViewName("test.jsp");
    return  mav;
}

http请求:http://localhost:8080/spingmvc2/get3.do?username=wangwu&password=111111

4.在请求处理方法中定义对应参数变量，参数变量的名称与页面元素的name属性值相同

例如:

login.jsp
<%@page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<body>
<form action="get4.do" method="post">
    用户名:<input type="text" name="username"/><br>
    密码:<input type="password" name="password"/><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>

 

请求处理方法

@RequestMapping(value = "/get4.do",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public ModelAndView  getReqParam4(String username,String password){
    ModelAndView  mav=new ModelAndView();
    mav.addObject("username",username);
    mav.addObject("password",password);
    mav.setViewName("test.jsp");
    return  mav;
}

5.将需要提交的请求参数值封装到java对象中【java对象的成员变量的名称一定要与页面元素的name属性值相同】

例如:

register.jsp
<%@page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<body>
<form action="get5.do" method="post">
    用户名:<input type="text" name="username"/><br>
    密码:<input type="password" name="password"/><br>
    年龄:<input type="text" name="age"/><br>
    地址:<input type="text" name="address"/><br>
    日期:<input type="text" name="day"/><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>

PersonBean.java
package com.wangxing.springmvc.bean;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import java.util.Date;
public class PersonBean {
    private  String username;
    private  String password;
    private  Integer age;
    private  String address;
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
    private Date day;
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
    public Date getDay() {
        return day;
    }
    public void setDay(Date day) {
        this.day = day;
    }
}

 

请求处理方法：

@RequestMapping(value = "/get5.do",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public ModelAndView  getReqParam5(PersonBean personBean){
    ModelAndView  mav=new ModelAndView();
    mav.addObject("personBean",personBean);
    mav.setViewName("test.jsp");
    return  mav;
}

注意:java对象的成员变量的名称一定要与页面元素的name属性值相同

6.将被提交的请求参数组织成json数据【后面介绍】

SpringMVC访问静态资源

当我们使用SPringMVC访问HTML文件的时候出现404错误，因为SpringMVC不支持静态资源的访问【.html /  .js  / .css  /.jpg.....】

方案一：激活Tomcat的defaultServlet来处理静态文件[web.xml]

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

 

要写在DispatcherServlet的前面， 让defaultServlet先拦截，这个就不会进入Spring了，我想性能是最好的吧。

方案二： 在spring3.0.4以后版本提供了mvc:resources

<!--对静态资源文件的访问-->
<mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" />