创建Custom Control

   最近正在拜读Dr.Shahram Khosravi的《Professional ASP.NET 2.0 Server Control And Component Development》（英文版），有一种如沐春风的感觉，因此本人准备将学习过程中的体会一一记下。

   今天晚上看了关于创建Custom control的部分内容，初步了解了创建Custom control的过程，特记录如下：

一、   新建一个类库（如：类名为CreditCardForm, namespace为CustomComponents），该类继承自System.Web.UI.Control。建议包含如下引用：

using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Configuration;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Security;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;

using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

二、   重写(override)该类的Render函数，并将要实现特定功能的HTML代码写在writer.Write()方法中，例如要实现以下界面：

 

参考代码为：

protected override void Render(HtmlTextWriter writer)

        {

            writer.Write("<table style='width:287px;height:124px;border-width:0;'>");

            writer.Write("<tr>");

            writer.Write("<td>Payment Method</td>");

            writer.Write("<td>");

            writer.Write("<select name='PaymentMethod' id='PaymentMethod' style='width:100%;'>");

            writer.Write("<option value='0'>Visa</option>");

            writer.Write("<option value='1'>MasterCard</option>");

            writer.Write("</select>");

            writer.Write("</td>");

            writer.Write("</tr>");

            writer.Write("<tr>");

            writer.Write("<td>Credit Card No.</td>");

            writer.Write("<td><input name='CreditCardNo' id='CreditCardNo' type='text' /></td>");

            writer.Write("</tr>");

            writer.Write("<tr>");

            writer.Write("<td>Cardholder's Name</td>");

            writer.Write("<td><input name='CardholderName' id='CardholderName' type='text' /></td>");

            writer.Write("</tr>");

            writer.Write("<tr>");

            writer.Write("<td>Expiration Date</td>");

            writer.Write("<td>");

            writer.Write("<select name='Month' id='Month'>");

            for (int day = 1; day < 13; day++)

            {

                if (day < 10)

                    writer.Write("<option value='" + day.ToString() + "'>" + "0" + day.ToString() + "</option>");

                else

                    writer.Write("<option value='" + day.ToString() + "'>" + day.ToString() + "</option>");

            }

            writer.Write("</select>");

            writer.Write("&nbsp;");

            writer.Write("<select name='Year' id='Year'>");

            for (int year = 2005; year < 2015; year++)

            {

                writer.Write("<option value='" + year.ToString() + "'>" +

                year.ToString() + "</option>");

            }

            writer.Write("</select>");

            writer.Write("</td>");

            writer.Write("</tr>");

            writer.Write("<tr>");

            writer.Write("<td align='center' colspan='2'>");

            writer.Write("<input type='submit' value='Submit' />");

            writer.Write("</td>");

            writer.Write("</tr>");

            writer.Write("</table>");

            base.Render(writer);

        }

三、   添加程序集信息文件AssemblyInfo.cs，在最后添加[assembly: AssemblyKeyFile("KeyFile.snk")]，此时无法编译生成dll文件，因为必须先获取KeyFile.snk文件（具体功能我目前还不清楚），生成KeyFile.snk文件的方法为：

1、   打开Microsoft Visual Studio 2005->Visual Studio Tools-> Visual Studio 2005命令提示

2、   在命令提示符中进入程序所在目录（即.cs文件所在目录）

3、   输入sn -k KeyFile.snk

此时可成功编译生成dll文件（如：CustomComponents）

四、   使用Custom control。有两种方法可以在ASP.NET中使用Custom control，其前提都是在程序中添加引用（网站->添加引用）

方法一：直接在.cs文件创建实例并显示。首先声明该Custom control，然后在CreateChildControls()中实例化,最后在RenderControl(HtmlTextWriter writer)中绘制。参考代码如下：

public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page

{

    private CreditCardForm ccf;

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

    {

    }

 

    protected override void CreateChildControls()

    {

        ccf = new CreditCardForm();

        base.CreateChildControls();

    }

 

    public override void RenderControl(HtmlTextWriter writer)

    {

       ccf.RenderControl(writer);

        base.RenderControl(writer);

    }

}

方法二：在aspx文件中添加：

<%@ Register Assembly="CustomComponents" Namespace="CustomComponents" TagPrefix="custom" %>

<custom:CreditCardForm ID="CreditCardForm1" runat="server">

        </custom:CreditCardForm>

TagPrefix表示的是前缀，随便你改，完整代码如下：

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true"  CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

 

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<%@ Register Assembly="CustomComponents" Namespace="CustomComponents" TagPrefix="custom" %>

 

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >

<head runat="server">

    <title>无标题页</title>

</head>

<body>

    <form id="form1" runat="server">

    <div>

    <custom:CreditCardForm ID="CreditCardForm1" runat="server">

        </custom:CreditCardForm>

    </div>

    </form>

</body>

</html>

                                                                     2008-03-04 22:59