LayoutInflater使用

一、LayoutInflater 的使用。

LayoutInflater 可以把某个xml的layout转换为一个view对象。
使用LyaoutInflater,首先要获取LayoutInflater 对象,然后调用inflate方法。

View view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.layout名, null);

1、获取 LayoutInflater 对象

常用的获取 LayoutInflater 对象的方法有三种:

1)、LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
2)、LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
3)、LayoutInflater inflater = Activity.getLayoutInflater();

使用 LayoutInflater 需要现有 LayoutInflater 对象,LayoutInflater 中,有一个
public static LayoutInflater from(Context context) 的方法,可以获取 LayoutInflater 对象,其中的实现为:

LayoutInflater.java 类中:

    public static LayoutInflater from(Context context) {
        LayoutInflater LayoutInflater =
                (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        if (LayoutInflater == null) {
            throw new AssertionError("LayoutInflater not found.");
        }
        return LayoutInflater;
    }

获取 LayoutInflater 对象还可以调用 Activity.getLayoutInflater() 方法。
因为 Activity 比较常用,所以专门拉出来说下。

Activity.getLayoutInflater()的实现在 PhoneWindow 类中,PhoneWindow 类在初始化的时候,会创建LayoutInflate对象,getLayoutInflater() 方法只是返回了LayoutInflate对象。

PhoneWindow.java 部分代码如下:

    private LayoutInflater mLayoutInflater;
    public PhoneWindow(Context context) {
        super(context);
        mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
    }
    public LayoutInflater getLayoutInflater() {
        return mLayoutInflater;
    }

三种方法的本质都是使用第2种方法实现的,不过第1种方法在整个Android系统中是使用最多的。

2、使用 LayoutInflater 中的方法获取View对象

LayoutInflater 中,inflate方法有4种调用方法:

1)、public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root)
2)、public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root)
3)、public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)
4)、public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

第一和第二种比较简单,都是根据root是不是null,然后调用三个参数的inflate方法。代码如下:

    public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(resource, root, root != null);
    }
    public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(parser, root, root != null);
    }

第三种方法实际是也是调用第四种方法的,第三种方法的实现为:

    public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        if (DEBUG) System.out.println("INFLATING from resource: " + resource);
        XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource);
        try {
            return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
        } finally {
            parser.close();
        }
    }

下来看看inflate方法,不同参数会有怎样的效果吧:一共会有4中情况:

1)、inflate(layout, null, true); 返回 XmlPullParser 对应的View,    ViewGroup.LayoutParams = null2)、inflate(layout, null, false);返回 XmlPullParser 对应的View,    ViewGroup.LayoutParams = null3)、inflate(layout, root, true); 返回 root,XmlPullParser 在root中,ViewGroup.LayoutParams 不为null4)、inflate(layout, root, false);返回 XmlPullParser 对应的View,    ViewGroup.LayoutParams 不为null

二、inflate 的实现

结论在上面已经说了,下面说说实现,实现是用源码讲的,有兴趣可以看看。

    //mConstructorArgs是在createView的时候,反射构造函数的参数
    final Object[] mConstructorArgs = new Object[2];

    public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {      
            //XmlPullParser类继承了AttributeSet                       
            final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);  

            //这里存下原来的Context,inflate 执行完会再变回原来的Context
            Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0];       

            mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;

            //返回数据,开始时root,最后会根据 root 和 attachToRoot 的值改变
            View result = root;                                       

            try {
                int type;

                // 这个while比较重要,会调用parser.next()到某个条件,后面的parser才能正常使用
                while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                        type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {         
                    // Empty
                }

                ......

                final String name = parser.getName();

                if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {                         // TAG_MERGE = "merge"?
                    ......
                    rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false);
                } else {
                    View temp;
                    if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {                      // TAG_1995 = "blink"?
                        temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
                    } else {
                        //生成根View
                        temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);  // 正常情况下,都会调这个
                    }

                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;

                    if (root != null) {
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if (!attachToRoot) {
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);             
                        }
                    }

                    //会递归的实例化子View对象,生成View树
                    rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true);

                    //如果attachToRoot为true并且root不为空,就会调用addView,并且返回root
                    if (root != null && attachToRoot) {               
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }

                    //如果attachToRoot为false,返回的是创建出的View
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {              
                        result = temp;
                    }
                }

            } catch (...... e) {
                ......
            } finally {
                mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;                    //变回原来的Context
                mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
            }

            return result;
        }

其中会调用createViewFromTag方法找到根View,然后会调用rInflate方法生成View树。

1、createViewFromTag方法

    View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, AttributeSet attrs) {
        if (name.equals("view")) {
            name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
        }

        try {
            View view;
            if (mFactory2 != null) view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, mContext, attrs);
            else if (mFactory != null) view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, mContext, attrs);
            // 一般会执行这句
            else view = null;

            ......

            if (view == null) {
                // name中有"."证明是自定义控件,否则是系统控件
                if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {                         
                    view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
                } else {
                    view = createView(name, null, attrs);
                }
            }

            return view;

         } catch (...... e) {
             ......
         }
    }

onCreateView的实现为:

    protected View onCreateView(View parent, String name, AttributeSet attrs)
            throws ClassNotFoundException {
        return onCreateView(name, attrs);
    }

context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE)返回的其实不是LayoutInflater对象,而是 PhoneLayoutInflater 对象,PhoneLayoutInflater 类继承 LayoutInflater 类。

所以调用onCreateView(name, attrs)方法,会先调用PhoneLayoutInflater的onCreateView方法。

PhoneLayoutInflater 类的onCreateView方法:

    private static final String[] sClassPrefixList = {
        "android.widget.",
        "android.webkit."
    };
    protected View onCreateView(String name, AttributeSet attrs) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        for (String prefix : sClassPrefixList) {
            try {
                View view = createView(name, prefix, attrs);
                if (view != null) {
                    return view;
                }
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                // In this case we want to let the base class take a crack
                // at it.
            }
        }
        return super.onCreateView(name, attrs);
    }

所以会调用:
View view = createView(name, “android.widget.”, attrs);和
View view = createView(name, “android.webkit.”, attrs);
如果view仍然为null,则会调用LayoutInflater的onCreateView方法。

LayoutInflater 的onCreateView方法:

    protected View onCreateView(String name, AttributeSet attrs)
            throws ClassNotFoundException {
        return createView(name, "android.view.", attrs);
    }       

可以看到,最终会返回createView(name, “android.view.”, attrs);

这样看来,createViewFromTag返回的view是由createView创建的,那么看看createView的内容:

LayoutInflater 的createView方法:

    //View 构造方法的Map
    private static final HashMap<String, Constructor<? extends View>> sConstructorMap =
                    new HashMap<String, Constructor<? extends View>>();                   

    //反射 View 的构造方法时,传入的类名参数
    final Object[] mConstructorArgs = new Object[2];                                  

    //反射 View 的构造方法时,传入的类名
    static final Class<?>[] mConstructorSignature = new Class[] {                     
                    Context.class, AttributeSet.class};

    //过滤时使用的Map,这里没有仔细看,有兴趣可以自己看看
    private HashMap<String, Boolean> mFilterMap;                                      

    public final View createView(String name, String prefix, AttributeSet attrs)
            throws ClassNotFoundException, InflateException {
        // Constructor 类是反射构造方法时使用的,如果不知道,搜一下java反射机制
        // 这里会先在View 构造方法的Map中找构造方法
        Constructor<? extends View> constructor = sConstructorMap.get(name);
        Class<? extends View> clazz = null;

        try {
            // 如果 constructor == null,说明这个View的对象还没有被创建过
            if (constructor == null) {
                // Class not found in the cache, see if it's real, and try to add it
                clazz = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(
                    prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);

                if (mFilter != null && clazz != null) {
                    boolean allowed = mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);
                    if (!allowed) {
                        failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
                    }
                }
                // 获取 View 的构造方法
                constructor = clazz.getConstructor(mConstructorSignature);
                sConstructorMap.put(name, constructor);
            } else {
                // If we have a filter, apply it to cached constructor
                if (mFilter != null) {
                    // Have we seen this name before?
                    Boolean allowedState = mFilterMap.get(name);
                    if (allowedState == null) {
                        // New class -- remember whether it is allowed
                        clazz = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(
                            prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);

                        boolean allowed = clazz != null && mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);
                        mFilterMap.put(name, allowed);
                        if (!allowed) {
                            failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
                        }
                    } else if (allowedState.equals(Boolean.FALSE)) {
                        failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
                    }
                }
            }

            //mConstructorArgs变量在inflate中,对mConstructorArgs[0]进行了赋值
            Object[] args = mConstructorArgs;                                          
            args[1] = attrs;
            // 反射生成 View 对象
            return constructor.newInstance(args);

        } catch (...... e) {
            ......
        }
    }

2、rInflate方法

    private static final String TAG_MERGE = "merge";
    private static final String TAG_INCLUDE = "include";
    private static final String TAG_1995 = "blink";
    private static final String TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS = "requestFocus";

    void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, final AttributeSet attrs,
            boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
        final int depth = parser.getDepth();
        int type;
        while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||
                parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
            if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                continue;
            }

            final String name = parser.getName();

            if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) {
                parseRequestFocus(parser, parent);
            } else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) {
                if (parser.getDepth() == 0) {
                    throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element");
                }
                parseInclude(parser, parent, attrs);
            } else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element");
            } else if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
                final View view = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
                final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
                final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true);
                viewGroup.addView(view, params);                
            } else { //下面这段最重要,会递归的实例化子View对象
                //实例化view对象
                final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, attrs); 
                final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
                final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                //把view当做parent递归
                rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true);                                             
                viewGroup.addView(view, params);
            }
        }

        //结束的时候,会根据finishInflate参数,判断是否回调,一般为true
        if (finishInflate) parent.onFinishInflate();                                             
    }

原创文章,转载请注明出处,谢谢~

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