一、LayoutInflater 的使用。
LayoutInflater 可以把某个xml的layout转换为一个view对象。
使用LyaoutInflater,首先要获取LayoutInflater 对象,然后调用inflate方法。
View view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.layout名, null);
1、获取 LayoutInflater 对象
常用的获取 LayoutInflater 对象的方法有三种:
1)、LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
2)、LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
3)、LayoutInflater inflater = Activity.getLayoutInflater();
使用 LayoutInflater 需要现有 LayoutInflater 对象,LayoutInflater 中,有一个
public static LayoutInflater from(Context context) 的方法,可以获取 LayoutInflater 对象,其中的实现为:
LayoutInflater.java 类中:
public static LayoutInflater from(Context context) {
LayoutInflater LayoutInflater =
(LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
if (LayoutInflater == null) {
throw new AssertionError("LayoutInflater not found.");
}
return LayoutInflater;
}
获取 LayoutInflater 对象还可以调用 Activity.getLayoutInflater() 方法。
因为 Activity 比较常用,所以专门拉出来说下。
Activity.getLayoutInflater()的实现在 PhoneWindow 类中,PhoneWindow 类在初始化的时候,会创建LayoutInflate对象,getLayoutInflater() 方法只是返回了LayoutInflate对象。
PhoneWindow.java 部分代码如下:
private LayoutInflater mLayoutInflater;
public PhoneWindow(Context context) {
super(context);
mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}
public LayoutInflater getLayoutInflater() {
return mLayoutInflater;
}
三种方法的本质都是使用第2种方法实现的,不过第1种方法在整个Android系统中是使用最多的。
2、使用 LayoutInflater 中的方法获取View对象
LayoutInflater 中,inflate方法有4种调用方法:
1)、public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root)
2)、public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root)
3)、public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)
4)、public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)
第一和第二种比较简单,都是根据root是不是null,然后调用三个参数的inflate方法。代码如下:
public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root) {
return inflate(resource, root, root != null);
}
public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root) {
return inflate(parser, root, root != null);
}
第三种方法实际是也是调用第四种方法的,第三种方法的实现为:
public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
if (DEBUG) System.out.println("INFLATING from resource: " + resource);
XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource);
try {
return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
} finally {
parser.close();
}
}
下来看看inflate方法,不同参数会有怎样的效果吧:一共会有4中情况:
1)、inflate(layout, null, true); 返回 XmlPullParser 对应的View, ViewGroup.LayoutParams = null;
2)、inflate(layout, null, false);返回 XmlPullParser 对应的View, ViewGroup.LayoutParams = null;
3)、inflate(layout, root, true); 返回 root,XmlPullParser 在root中,ViewGroup.LayoutParams 不为null;
4)、inflate(layout, root, false);返回 XmlPullParser 对应的View, ViewGroup.LayoutParams 不为null;
二、inflate 的实现
结论在上面已经说了,下面说说实现,实现是用源码讲的,有兴趣可以看看。
//mConstructorArgs是在createView的时候,反射构造函数的参数
final Object[] mConstructorArgs = new Object[2];
public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
//XmlPullParser类继承了AttributeSet
final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
//这里存下原来的Context,inflate 执行完会再变回原来的Context
Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0];
mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;
//返回数据,开始时root,最后会根据 root 和 attachToRoot 的值改变
View result = root;
try {
int type;
// 这个while比较重要,会调用parser.next()到某个条件,后面的parser才能正常使用
while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
// Empty
}
......
final String name = parser.getName();
if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) { // TAG_MERGE = "merge"?
......
rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false);
} else {
View temp;
if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) { // TAG_1995 = "blink"?
temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
} else {
//生成根View
temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs); // 正常情况下,都会调这个
}
ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
if (root != null) {
params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
if (!attachToRoot) {
temp.setLayoutParams(params);
}
}
//会递归的实例化子View对象,生成View树
rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true);
//如果attachToRoot为true并且root不为空,就会调用addView,并且返回root
if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
root.addView(temp, params);
}
//如果attachToRoot为false,返回的是创建出的View
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
result = temp;
}
}
} catch (...... e) {
......
} finally {
mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext; //变回原来的Context
mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
}
return result;
}
其中会调用createViewFromTag方法找到根View,然后会调用rInflate方法生成View树。
1、createViewFromTag方法
View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, AttributeSet attrs) {
if (name.equals("view")) {
name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
}
try {
View view;
if (mFactory2 != null) view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, mContext, attrs);
else if (mFactory != null) view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, mContext, attrs);
// 一般会执行这句
else view = null;
......
if (view == null) {
// name中有"."证明是自定义控件,否则是系统控件
if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {
view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
} else {
view = createView(name, null, attrs);
}
}
return view;
} catch (...... e) {
......
}
}
onCreateView的实现为:
protected View onCreateView(View parent, String name, AttributeSet attrs)
throws ClassNotFoundException {
return onCreateView(name, attrs);
}
context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE)返回的其实不是LayoutInflater对象,而是 PhoneLayoutInflater 对象,PhoneLayoutInflater 类继承 LayoutInflater 类。
所以调用onCreateView(name, attrs)方法,会先调用PhoneLayoutInflater的onCreateView方法。
PhoneLayoutInflater 类的onCreateView方法:
private static final String[] sClassPrefixList = {
"android.widget.",
"android.webkit."
};
protected View onCreateView(String name, AttributeSet attrs) throws ClassNotFoundException {
for (String prefix : sClassPrefixList) {
try {
View view = createView(name, prefix, attrs);
if (view != null) {
return view;
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// In this case we want to let the base class take a crack
// at it.
}
}
return super.onCreateView(name, attrs);
}
所以会调用:
View view = createView(name, “android.widget.”, attrs);和
View view = createView(name, “android.webkit.”, attrs);
如果view仍然为null,则会调用LayoutInflater的onCreateView方法。
LayoutInflater 的onCreateView方法:
protected View onCreateView(String name, AttributeSet attrs)
throws ClassNotFoundException {
return createView(name, "android.view.", attrs);
}
可以看到,最终会返回createView(name, “android.view.”, attrs);
这样看来,createViewFromTag返回的view是由createView创建的,那么看看createView的内容:
LayoutInflater 的createView方法:
//View 构造方法的Map
private static final HashMap<String, Constructor<? extends View>> sConstructorMap =
new HashMap<String, Constructor<? extends View>>();
//反射 View 的构造方法时,传入的类名参数
final Object[] mConstructorArgs = new Object[2];
//反射 View 的构造方法时,传入的类名
static final Class<?>[] mConstructorSignature = new Class[] {
Context.class, AttributeSet.class};
//过滤时使用的Map,这里没有仔细看,有兴趣可以自己看看
private HashMap<String, Boolean> mFilterMap;
public final View createView(String name, String prefix, AttributeSet attrs)
throws ClassNotFoundException, InflateException {
// Constructor 类是反射构造方法时使用的,如果不知道,搜一下java反射机制
// 这里会先在View 构造方法的Map中找构造方法
Constructor<? extends View> constructor = sConstructorMap.get(name);
Class<? extends View> clazz = null;
try {
// 如果 constructor == null,说明这个View的对象还没有被创建过
if (constructor == null) {
// Class not found in the cache, see if it's real, and try to add it
clazz = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(
prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);
if (mFilter != null && clazz != null) {
boolean allowed = mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);
if (!allowed) {
failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
}
}
// 获取 View 的构造方法
constructor = clazz.getConstructor(mConstructorSignature);
sConstructorMap.put(name, constructor);
} else {
// If we have a filter, apply it to cached constructor
if (mFilter != null) {
// Have we seen this name before?
Boolean allowedState = mFilterMap.get(name);
if (allowedState == null) {
// New class -- remember whether it is allowed
clazz = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(
prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);
boolean allowed = clazz != null && mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);
mFilterMap.put(name, allowed);
if (!allowed) {
failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
}
} else if (allowedState.equals(Boolean.FALSE)) {
failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
}
}
}
//mConstructorArgs变量在inflate中,对mConstructorArgs[0]进行了赋值
Object[] args = mConstructorArgs;
args[1] = attrs;
// 反射生成 View 对象
return constructor.newInstance(args);
} catch (...... e) {
......
}
}
2、rInflate方法
private static final String TAG_MERGE = "merge";
private static final String TAG_INCLUDE = "include";
private static final String TAG_1995 = "blink";
private static final String TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS = "requestFocus";
void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, final AttributeSet attrs,
boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
final int depth = parser.getDepth();
int type;
while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||
parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
continue;
}
final String name = parser.getName();
if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) {
parseRequestFocus(parser, parent);
} else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) {
if (parser.getDepth() == 0) {
throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element");
}
parseInclude(parser, parent, attrs);
} else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element");
} else if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
final View view = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true);
viewGroup.addView(view, params);
} else { //下面这段最重要,会递归的实例化子View对象
//实例化view对象
final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, attrs);
final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
//把view当做parent递归
rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true);
viewGroup.addView(view, params);
}
}
//结束的时候,会根据finishInflate参数,判断是否回调,一般为true
if (finishInflate) parent.onFinishInflate();
}
原创文章,转载请注明出处,谢谢~