C语言理解套接字

#include<stdio.h>  
#include<stdlib.h>  
#include<string.h>  
#include<errno.h>  
#include<sys/types.h>  
#include<sys/socket.h>  
#include<netinet/in.h>  
#define DEFAULT_PORT 8000  
#define MAXLINE 4096  
int main(int argc, char** argv)  
{  
    int    socket_fd, connect_fd;  
    struct sockaddr_in     servaddr;  
    char    buff[4096];  
    int     n;  
    //初始化Socket  
    if( (socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1 ){  
     printf("create socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n",strerror(errno),errno);  
     exit(0);  
    }  
    else{
    printf("the socket has been created successfully, its id is: %d",socket_fd);
    }
 //初始化  
    memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));  
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;  
     servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//IP地址设置成INADDR_ANY,让系统自动获取本机的IP地址。  
     servaddr.sin_port = htons(DEFAULT_PORT);//设置的端口为DEFAULT_PORT  

//将本地地址绑定到所创建的套接字上  
    if( bind(socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) == -1){  
        printf("bind socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n",strerror(errno),errno);  
        exit(0);  
    }  
//开始监听是否有客户端连接  
    if( listen(socket_fd, 10) == -1){  
        printf("listen socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n",strerror(errno),errno);  
        exit(0);  
    }  
    printf("======waiting for client's request======\n");  
    while(1){  
    //阻塞直到有客户端连接，不然多浪费CPU资源。  
    if( (connect_fd = accept(socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)NULL, NULL)) == -1){  
        printf("accept socket error: %s(errno: %d)",strerror(errno),errno);  
        continue;  
    }  
//接受客户端传过来的数据  
    n = recv(connect_fd, buff, MAXLINE, 0);  
//向客户端发送回应数据  
    if(!fork()){ /*紫禁城*/  
    if(send(connect_fd, "Hello,you are connected!\n", 26,0) == -1)  
    perror("send error");  
    close(connect_fd);  
    exit(0);  
    }  
    buff[n] = '\0';  
    printf("recv msg from client: %s\n", buff);  
    close(connect_fd);  
    }  
    close(socket_fd);  
    }  

客户机

#include<stdio.h>  
#include<stdlib.h>  
#include<string.h>  
#include<errno.h>  
#include<sys/types.h>  
#include<sys/socket.h>  
#include<netinet/in.h>  

#define MAXLINE 4096  


int main(int argc, char** argv)  
{  
    int    sockfd, n,rec_len;  
    char    recvline[4096], sendline[4096];  
    char    buf[MAXLINE];  
    struct sockaddr_in    servaddr;  


    if( argc != 2){  
    printf("usage: ./client <ipaddress>\n");  
    exit(0);  
    }  


    if( (sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0){  
    printf("create socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno),errno);  
    exit(0);  
    }  


    memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));  
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;  
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(8000);  
    if( inet_pton(AF_INET, argv[1], &servaddr.sin_addr) <= 0){  
    printf("inet_pton error for %s\n",argv[1]);  
    exit(0);  
    }  


    if( connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0){  
    printf("connect error: %s(errno: %d)\n",strerror(errno),errno);  
    exit(0);  
    }  


    printf("send msg to server: \n");  
    fgets(sendline, 4096, stdin);  
    if( send(sockfd, sendline, strlen(sendline), 0) < 0)  
    {  
    printf("send msg error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);  
    exit(0);  
    }  
    if((rec_len = recv(sockfd, buf, MAXLINE,0)) == -1) {  
       perror("recv error");  
       exit(1);  
    }  
    buf[rec_len]  = '\0';  
    printf("Received : %s ",buf);  
    close(sockfd);  
    exit(0);  
}