oracle有效地利用数据字典

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ORACLE的数据字典是数据库的重要组成部分之一，它随着数据库的产生而产生, 随着数据库的变化而变化，不能手工修改数据字典里的信息。
dictionary　　　全部数据字典表的名称和解释，它有一个同义词dict
dict_columns　　全部数据字典表里字段名称和解释

如果我们想查询跟索引有关的数据字典时，可以用下面这条SQL语句:
[color=blue]SQL>select * from dictionary where instr(comments,'index')>0;[/color]

如果我们想知道user_indexes表各字段名称的详细含义，可以用下面这条SQL语句:
[color=blue]SQL>select column_name,comments from dict_columns where table_name='USER_INDEXES';[/color]

下面按类别列出一些ORACLE用户常用数据字典的查询使用方法。
[color=red]1、用户[/color]
查看当前用户的缺省表空间
[color=blue]SQL>select username,default_tablespace from user_users;[/color]

查看当前用户的角色
[color=blue]SQL>select * from user_role_privs;[/color]

查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限
[color=blue]SQL>select * from user_sys_privs;
SQL>select * from user_tab_privs;[/color]

[color=red]2、表[/color]
查看用户下所有的表
[color=blue]select * from user_tables;[/color]

查看名称包含log字符的表
[color=blue]SQL>select object_name,object_id from user_objects where instr(object_name,'LOG')>0;[/color]

查看某表的创建时间
[color=blue]SQL>select object_name,created from user_objects where object_name=upper('&table_name');[/color]

查看某表的大小
[color=blue]SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments where segment_name=upper('&table_name');[/color]

查看放在ORACLE的内存区里的表
[color=blue]SQL>select table_name,cache from user_tables where instr(cache,'Y')>0;[/color]

[color=red]3、索引[/color]
查看索引个数和类别
[color=blue]SQL>select index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes order by table_name;[/color]

查看索引被索引的字段
[color=blue]SQL>select * from user_ind_columns where index_name=upper('&index_name');[/color]

查看索引的大小
[color=blue]SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments where segment_name=upper('&index_name');[/color]

[color=red]4、序列号[/color]
查看序列号，last_number是当前值
[color=blue]SQL>select * from user_sequences;[/color]

[color=red]5、视图[/color]
查看视图的名称
[color=blue]SQL>select view_name from user_views;[/color]

查看创建视图的select语句
[color=blue]SQL>set view_name,text_length from user_views;
SQL>set long 2000;说明：可以根据视图的text_length值设定set long的大小
SQL>select text from user_views where view_name=upper('&view_name');[/color]

[color=red]6、同义词[/color]
查看同义词的名称
[color=blue]SQL>select * from user_synonyms;[/color]

[color=red]7、约束条件[/color]
查看某表的约束条件
[color=blue]SQL>select constraint_name, constraint_type,search_condition,r_constraint_name from user_constraints where table_name = upper('&table_name');

SQL>select c.constraint_name,c.constraint_type,cc.column_name from user_constraints c,user_cons_columns cc where c.owner = upper('&table_owner') and c.table_name = upper('&table_name') and c.owner = cc.owner and c.constraint_name = cc.constraint_name order by cc.position;[/color]

[color=red]8、存储函数和过程[/color]
查看函数和过程的状态
[color=blue]SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='FUNCTION';
SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='PROCEDURE';[/color]

查看函数和过程的源代码
[color=blue]SQL>select text from all_source where owner=user and name=upper('&plsql_name');[/color]