嵌入式 获取网卡设备以及IP和MAC地址示例以及网络编程之ioctl小结

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <net/if_arp.h>
#ifdef SOLARIS
#include <sys/sockio.h>
#endif
#define MAXINTERFACES   16
main (argc, argv)
register int argc;
register char *argv[];
{
 register int fd, intrface, retn = 0;
 struct ifreq buf[MAXINTERFACES];
 struct arpreq arp;
 struct ifconf ifc; if ((fd = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) >= 0)
 {
  ifc.ifc_len = sizeof buf;
  ifc.ifc_buf = (caddr_t) buf;
  if (!ioctl (fd, SIOCGIFCONF, (char *) &ifc))
  {
   //获取接口信息
   intrface = ifc.ifc_len / sizeof (struct ifreq);
   printf("interface num is intrface=%d\n\n\n",intrface);
   //根据借口信息循环获取设备IP和MAC地址
   while (intrface-- > 0)
   {
    //获取设备名称
    printf ("net device %s\n", buf[intrface].ifr_name);

    //判断网卡类型
    if (!(ioctl (fd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, (char *) &buf[intrface])))
    {
     if (buf[intrface].ifr_flags & IFF_PROMISC)
     {
      puts ("the interface is PROMISC");
      retn++;
     }
    }
    else
    {
     char str[256];    
     sprintf (str, "cpm: ioctl device %s", buf[intrface].ifr_name);
     perror (str);
    }   //判断网卡状态
    if (buf[intrface].ifr_flags & IFF_UP)
    {
     puts("the interface status is UP");
    }
    else
    {
     puts("the interface status is DOWN");
    }   //获取当前网卡的IP地址
    if (!(ioctl (fd, SIOCGIFADDR, (char *) &buf[intrface])))
    {
     puts ("IP address is:");
     printf("%s",(char *)inet_ntoa((struct in_addr)((struct sockaddr_in*)(&buf[intrface].ifr_addr))->sin_addr));
     puts("");
     //puts (buf[intrface].ifr_addr.sa_data);
    }
    else
    {
     char str[256];              
     sprintf (str, "cpm: ioctl device %s", buf[intrface].ifr_name);
     perror (str);
    }

#ifdef SOLARIS
    //获取MAC地址
    arp.arp_pa.sa_family = AF_INET;
    arp.arp_ha.sa_family = AF_INET;
    ((struct sockaddr_in*)&arp.arp_pa)->sin_addr.s_addr=((struct sockaddr_in*)(&buf[intrface].ifr_addr))->sin_addr.s_addr;
    if (!(ioctl (fd, SIOCGARP, (char *) &arp)))
    {
     puts ("HW address is:");    //以十六进制显示MAC地址
     printf("%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x\n",
       (unsigned char)arp.arp_ha.sa_data[0],
       (unsigned char)arp.arp_ha.sa_data[1],
       (unsigned char)arp.arp_ha.sa_data[2],
       (unsigned char)arp.arp_ha.sa_data[3],
       (unsigned char)arp.arp_ha.sa_data[4],
       (unsigned char)arp.arp_ha.sa_data[5]);                
     puts("");
     puts("");
    }
#else
#if 0

    if (!(ioctl (fd,  SIOCGENADDR, (char *) &buf[intrface])))
    {
     puts ("HW address is:");
     printf("%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x\n",
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_enaddr[0],
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_enaddr[1],
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_enaddr[2],
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_enaddr[3],
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_enaddr[4],
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_enaddr[5]);                
     puts("");
     puts("");
    }
#endif
    if (!(ioctl (fd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, (char *) &buf[intrface])))
    {
     puts ("HW address is:");                
     printf("%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x\n",
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[0],
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[1],
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[2],
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[3],
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[4],
       (unsigned char)buf[intrface].ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[5]);                
     puts("");
     puts("");
    }

#endif           
    else
    {
     char str[256];
     sprintf (str, "cpm: ioctl device %s", buf[intrface].ifr_name);
     perror (str);
    }
   } //while
  }
  else
   perror ("cpm: ioctl");  
 }
 else
  perror ("cpm: socket");   
 close (fd);
 return retn;
} //虚拟机worklinux下有更为简洁的代码，不过只能实现获取IP功能

 

在我的机器上运行效果如下：

root@u12d32:/home/kongjun/mywork/hi_test/get_mac_linux# ./device_get
interface num is intrface=2

net device eth0
the interface status is UP
IP address is:
10.10.2.59
HW address is:
00:50:56:a9:70:64

net device lo
the interface status is UP
IP address is:
127.0.0.1
HW address is:
00:00:00:00:00:00

root@u12d32:/home/kongjun/mywork/hi_test/get_mac_linux#

 

Linux 网络编程之ioctl函数：

1.介绍

Linux网络程序与内核交互的方法是通过ioctl来实现的，ioctl与网络协议栈进行交互，可得到网络接口的信息，网卡设备的映射属性和配置网络接口.并且还能够查看，修改，删除ARP高速缓存的信息，所以，我们有必要了解一下ioctl函数的具体实现.