我们在开发项目的时候,特别是B/S系统,经常会遇到要批量上传文件的需求,对此需求一般有如下几个解决方案(以B/S为例):
1. 在客户端提供文件上传接口,一次上传一个文件
2. 一次上传多个文件
3. 将需要上传的文件打包,一次上传到服务器,并自动解压到指定目录
1,2方法都有几个很明显的不足,用户工作量大,文件如果过大,在网络环境中,上传的效率低下,另外文件在不同的目录,是无法进行一次选择上传的.所以打包上传就成为了比较流行的批量文件上传的解决方案,下面就来一起讨论一下在java中如何实现:
主要功能需求:
a. 上传文件,将文件保存在服务器
b. 读取服务器上压缩文件,解压到指定目录
下面就这两个需求说说编码实现
上传: 使用了smartupload开源程序
1. IUpload.java - (上传接口,需要jsmartupload.jar包)
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import com.jspsmart.upload.File;
import com.jspsmart.upload.Files;
import com.jspsmart.upload.Request;
public interface IUpload {
//只能上传一个文件
public File getSingleUploadFile() throws MultiFileException,
UploadFileIsMissingException;
//判断文件是否丢失
public boolean exists(File file);
//保存文件
public int save(String targetFileName, int arg1) throws ServletException,
IOException;
//得到绝对保存路径
public String getAbsoluteSavePath();
//得到请求
public Request getRequest();
//得到文件
public Files getFiles();
//处理所有参数,处理页面提交的其他表单数据
public Hashtable dealAllPara() throws Exception;
//得到zip文件名,不含后缀
public String getFilenameNoExt() throws MultiFileException,
UploadFileIsMissingException;
}
2. SingleUpload.java (本例子特意说明了控制只上传一个文件)
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import com.commonStrut.utils.FileUtils;
import com.jspsmart.upload.File;
import com.jspsmart.upload.Files;
import com.jspsmart.upload.Request;
import com.jspsmart.upload.SmartUpload;
public class SingleUpload implements IUpload {
private Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(SingleUpload.class);
private SmartUpload upload = null;
private Request request = null;
private String savePath = "";
public SingleUpload(SmartUpload upload) throws ServletException,
IOException {
logger.info("SingleUpload:call super(),successed!");
this.upload = upload;
this.upload.upload();
this.request = upload.getRequest();
}
//只能上传一个文件
public File getSingleUploadFile() throws MultiFileException,
UploadFileIsMissingException {
//产生一个file对象 myFile
Files files = upload.getFiles();
//必须传入而且只能传入一个文件
logger.info("|------upload file count:" + files.getCount());
if (files.getCount() == 1) {
File myFile = upload.getFiles().getFile(0);
logger.info("|------upload file path name:" + myFile.getFilePathName());
if (myFile.isMissing()) {
throw new UploadFileIsMissingException("上传文件丢失!");
}
return myFile;
} else {
throw new MultiFileException("必须上传,而且一次只能上传一个文件!");
}
}
//判断文件是否丢失
public boolean exists(File file) {
return !file.isMissing();
}
//保存文件,如果文件不存在,新建目录,文件,(MultiFileException 请自建)
public int save(String targetFilePath, int arg1) throws ServletException,
IOException {
try {
if (logger.isInfoEnabled())
logger.info("|------save upload file to :" + targetFilePath);
File uploadFile = getSingleUploadFile();
String fileName = uploadFile.getFileName();
this.savePath = targetFilePath + java.io.File.separator + fileName;
//按绝对路径保存
FileUtils.createNewFile(savePath);
uploadFile.saveAs(savePath, arg1);
logger.info("upload file and save is sucessed......!");
return 1;
} catch (MultiFileException e) {
throw new IOException(e.getMessage());
} catch (UploadFileIsMissingException e) {
throw new IOException(e.getMessage());
}
}
public String getAbsoluteSavePath() {
return savePath;
}
public Hashtable dealAllPara() throws Exception {
Hashtable hashtable = new Hashtable();
Enumeration e = request.getParameterNames();
while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
String paraname = (String) e.nextElement();
String para = request.getParameter(paraname);
if ((paraname != null) && (para != null)) {
hashtable.put(paraname, para);
}
logger.info("UPLOAD/param:name=" + paraname + ",value=" + para);
}
logger.info("param length = " + hashtable.size());
return hashtable;
}
public String getFilenameNoExt() throws MultiFileException,
UploadFileIsMissingException {
File file = getSingleUploadFile();
String fileName = file.getFileName();
return fileName.substring(0, fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
}
public Request getRequest() {
return upload.getRequest();
}
public Files getFiles() {
return upload.getFiles();
}
}
调用上两个类就可以实现文件上传,下面讨论文件解压
1. 解压接口
package com.commonStrut.utils;
public interface IZipUtils {
//File zipFile, String unzipDir
public String unzip() throws Exception;
}
2. 解压
package com.commonStrut.utils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import java.util.zip.ZipFile;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
/**
* @author 魏 剑
*
*/
public class ZipUtils implements IZipUtils {
private Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ZipUtils.class);
private File zipFile;
private String unzipDir;
public ZipUtils(File zipFile, String unzipDir) {
this.zipFile = zipFile;
this.unzipDir = unzipDir;
}
public String unzip() throws Exception {
logger.info("zipFile path=" + zipFile.getPath());
ZipFile zf = new ZipFile(zipFile);
Enumeration enu = zf.entries();
String result = "";
while (enu.hasMoreElements()) {
ZipEntry entry = (ZipEntry) enu.nextElement();
String name = entry.getName();
//如果解压entry是目录,直接生成目录即可,不用写入,如果是文件,要讲文件写入
String path = unzipDir + name;
result = result + path + "<br/>";
File file = new File(path);
if (entry.isDirectory()) {
file.mkdirs();
} else {
//建议使用如下方式创建 流,和读取字节,不然会有乱码(当然要根据具体环境来定),具体原因请听
//下回分解,呵呵
InputStream is = zf.getInputStream(entry);
byte[] buf1 = new byte[1024];
int len;
if (!file.exists()) {
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
file.createNewFile();
}
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);
while ((len = is.read(buf1)) > 0) {
String buf = new String(buf1, 0, len);
out.write(buf1, 0, len);
}
}
}
result ="文件解压成功,解压文件:<br/>" + result;
logger.info("----------------unzip msg = "+result);
return result;
}
}
为了实现提交后后台一次处理,需要将上传&解压桥接起来,也写了一个类,有兴趣的朋友可以参考,别打人啊!哎呀,马上就完了
package com.commonStrut.utils.upload;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import com.commonStrut.utils.IZipUtils;
import com.commonStrut.utils.ZipUtils;
import com.jspsmart.upload.Files;
import com.jspsmart.upload.Request;
import com.jspsmart.upload.SmartUpload;
public class ZipUploadAndUnzip implements IZipUtils,IUpload{
private Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ZipUploadAndUnzip.class);
private IZipUtils ziputils = null;
private String uploadTargetFileName = "";
private String unzipDir = "";
private SingleUpload upload = null;
public ZipUploadAndUnzip(SingleUpload upload, String saveTargetFilePath,
String unzipDir) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.upload = upload;
this.uploadTargetFileName = saveTargetFilePath;
this.unzipDir = unzipDir;
}
public String unzip() throws Exception{
//保存
upload.save(uploadTargetFileName,SmartUpload.SAVE_PHYSICAL);
//得到保存后文件
String savePath = upload.getAbsoluteSavePath();
logger.info("-------------absolute save path = "+savePath);
File file = new File(savePath);
//解压
ziputils = new ZipUtils(file,unzipDir);
return ziputils.unzip();
}
public String getFilenameNoExt() throws MultiFileException, UploadFileIsMissingException {
return upload.getFilenameNoExt();
}
public com.jspsmart.upload.File getSingleUploadFile() throws MultiFileException, UploadFileIsMissingException {
return upload.getSingleUploadFile();
}
public boolean exists(com.jspsmart.upload.File file) {
return upload.exists(file);
}
public int save(String targetFileName, int arg1) throws ServletException, IOException {
return upload.save(targetFileName,arg1);
}
public String getAbsoluteSavePath() {
return upload.getAbsoluteSavePath();
}
public Request getRequest() {
return upload.getRequest();
}
public Files getFiles() {
return upload.getFiles();
}
public Hashtable dealAllPara() throws Exception {
return upload.dealAllPara();
}
}
这样有些罗嗦了,干脆把如何调用的也给个例子吧,好好好,盛情难却啊
假如你是用 struts,可以在Action类如下调用
public class UploadAction extends Action{
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm actionForm,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
SmartUpload mySmartUpload = new SmartUpload();
mySmartUpload.initialize(this.getServlet().getServletConfig(),
request, response);
SingleUpload singleUpload = new SingleUpload(mySmartUpload);
//处理参数
Hashtable allPara = singleUpload.dealAllPara();
//文件上传保存路径,&解压后保存的目录,这里是定义在配置文件中,具体实现大家写罗
String saveTargetFilePath = InitConfiguration.getInstance()
.getCONFIG("uploadPicDir");
String unzipDir = InitConfiguration.getInstance().getCONFIG(
"unzipPicDir");
//upload and unzip.........
String unzipMsg = uploadAndUnzip(bf, singleUpload, allPara,
saveTargetFilePath, unzipDir, true);
}
}