菜鸟学编程第五式——Android编程环境搭建及实例图解3

1.1     Android编程实例

2.2.1设计

1、我们的目标是建立几个简单的网页来显示、添加、修改、删除用户；

2、建立以下几个网页：

页面show.jsp显示数据库中的所有用户

页面add. jsp添加用户

页面edit. jsp修改用户信息

页面del. jsp删除指定用户

2.2.2准备

1、新建一个名为UserMgr的Android项目，如下图所示：

2、添加用户界面设计

Add.xml内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TableLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TableRow android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TextView android:layout_width="80dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="UserId" /> <EditText android:text="" android:id="@+id/txt_UserId_Add" android:layout_width="240dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </TableRow> <TableRow android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TextView android:layout_width="80dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="UserName" /> <EditText android:text="" android:id="@+id/txt_UserName_Add" android:layout_width="240dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </TableRow> <TableRow android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TextView android:layout_width="80dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="UserPsd" /> <EditText android:text="" android:id="@+id/txt_UserPsd_Add" android:layout_width="240dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </TableRow> <TableRow android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TextView android:layout_width="80dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="UserDetail" /> <EditText android:text="" android:id="@+id/txt_UserDetail_Add" android:layout_width="240dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </TableRow> </TableLayout> <TableLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TableRow android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <Button android:layout_width="100dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Add" android:id="@+id/btn_Add" /> <Button android:layout_width="100dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="View" android:id="@+id/btn_View_Add" /> </TableRow> </TableLayout> </LinearLayout>

3、编辑用户界面设计

edit.xml内容如下：

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TableLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TableRow android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TextView android:layout_width="80dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="UserId" /> <TextView android:text="" android:id="@+id/txt_UserId" android:layout_width="240dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </TableRow> <TableRow android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TextView android:layout_width="80dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="UserName" /> <EditText android:text="" android:id="@+id/txt_UserName" android:layout_width="240dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </TableRow> <TableRow android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TextView android:layout_width="80dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="UserPsd" /> <EditText android:text="" android:id="@+id/txt_UserPsd" android:layout_width="240dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </TableRow> <TableRow android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TextView android:layout_width="80dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="UserDetail" /> <EditText android:text="" android:id="@+id/txt_UserDetail" android:layout_width="240dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> </TableRow> </TableLayout> <TableLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TableRow android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <Button android:layout_width="100dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Edit" android:id="@+id/btn_Edit" /> <Button android:layout_width="100dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Delete" android:id="@+id/btn_Del" /> <Button android:layout_width="100dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="View" android:id="@+id/btn_View" /> </TableRow> </TableLayout> </LinearLayout>

4、数据库访问，数据操作公用类

DataProvider.java内容如下：

 

package robin.UserMgr; import android.content.ContentProvider; import android.content.ContentValues; import android.content.Context; import android.database.Cursor; import android.database.SQLException; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper; import android.net.Uri; import android.util.Log; public class DataProvider extends ContentProvider { private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "AndroidExample.db"; private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 2; private static final String TABLE_NAME = "DUser"; private static class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { DatabaseHelper(Context context) { super(context,DATABASE_NAME,null,DATABASE_VERSION); } @Override public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { String sql = "create table " + TABLE_NAME + " (UserId smallint,UserName varchar(20),UserPsd varchar(50),UserDetail varchar(100));"; String sql_1 = "insert into " + TABLE_NAME + " values(1,'Robin','111','I am Robin');"; try { db.execSQL(sql); db.execSQL(sql_1); } catch(SQLException e) { Log.e("Error", e.toString());} } @Override public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db,int oldVersion,int newVersion){} } private DatabaseHelper mOpenHelper; @Override public boolean onCreate() { mOpenHelper = new DatabaseHelper(getContext()); return true; } @Override public Cursor query(Uri uri,String[] projection,String selection, String[] selectionArgs,String sortOrder) { SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getReadableDatabase(); Cursor c = db.query(TABLE_NAME, projection, null, null, null, null, null); return c; } @Override public String getType(Uri uri) { return null; } @Override public Uri insert(Uri uri,ContentValues initialValues) { int userId = Integer.parseInt(initialValues.get("UserId").toString()); String userName = initialValues.get("UserName").toString(); String userPsd = initialValues.get("UserPsd").toString(); String userDetail = initialValues.get("UserDetail").toString(); SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase(); String sql_1 = "insert into "+ TABLE_NAME+" (UserId,UserName,UserPsd,UserDetail) "+ "values("+ userId +",'"+ userName +"','"+ userPsd +"','"+ userDetail +"');"; try { db.execSQL(sql_1); } catch(SQLException e) { Log.e("Error", e.toString()); } return uri; } @Override public int delete(Uri uri,String where,String[] whereArgs) { try { SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase(); db.delete(where, whereArgs[0]+"="+whereArgs[1], null); return 1; } catch(SQLException e) { Log.e("Error", e.toString()); return 0;} } @Override public int update(Uri uri,ContentValues values,String where,String[] whereArgs) { int userId = Integer.parseInt(values.get("UserId").toString()); String userName = values.get("UserName").toString(); String userPsd = values.get("UserPsd").toString(); String userDetail = values.get("UserDetail").toString(); String sql_1 = "update "+ TABLE_NAME+ " set UserName='"+ userName +"',UserPsd='"+ userPsd +"',UserDetail='"+ userDetail +"' where UserId="+userId; try { SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase(); db.execSQL(sql_1); return 1; } catch(SQLException e) { Log.e("Error", e.toString()); return 0;} } }

5、程序配置文件

AndroidManifest.xml内容如下：

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="robin.UserMgr" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".ShowUser" android:label="@string/web_title"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <provider android:name="DataProvider" android:authorities="robin.UserMgr.provider"> </provider> <activity android:name=".EditUser" android:label="@string/web_title"></activity> <activity android:name=".AddUser" android:label="@string/web_title"></activity> </application> </manifest>

2.2.3编程

1、显示用户

show. java内容如下：

 

package robin.UserMgr; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import android.app.ListActivity; import android.content.Intent; import android.database.Cursor; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.SimpleAdapter; public class ShowUser extends ListActivity { public static final String AUTHORITY = "robin.UserMgr.provider"; public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://"+AUTHORITY+"/DUser"); private static final String[] PROJECTION = new String[]{"UserId","UserName","UserPsd","UserDetail"}; public final static String UserInfo = "robin.UserMgr.UserInfo"; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Intent intent = getIntent(); if(intent.getData() == null) intent.setData(CONTENT_URI); Cursor cur = getContentResolver().query(getIntent().getData(), PROJECTION,null,null,null); ArrayList<Map<String,Object>> coll = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>(); Map<String,Object> item; cur.moveToFirst(); while(!cur.isAfterLast()) { item = new HashMap<String,Object>(); item.put("c1", cur.getString(0)+", "+cur.getString(1)+", "+cur.getString(2)+", "+cur.getString(3)); coll.add(item); cur.moveToNext(); } this.setListAdapter(new SimpleAdapter(this,coll, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,new String[]{"c1"}, new int[]{android.R.id.text1} )); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu); menu.add(0, Menu.FIRST, 0, "Add An User"); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()) { case Menu.FIRST: Intent intent = new Intent(ShowUser.this,AddUser.class); startActivity(intent); return true; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } @Override protected void onListItemClick(ListView l,View v,int position,long id) { Map<String,Object> item = new HashMap<String,Object>(); item = (Map<String,Object>)getListView().getItemAtPosition(position); String itemValue = (String)item.get("c1"); Intent intent = new Intent(this,EditUser.class); intent.putExtra("UserInfo", itemValue); startActivity(intent); //Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); //bundle.putString("UserInfo", itemValue); //intent.putExtras(bundle); } }

运行之后，界面如下所示：

 

 

2、添加用户

add. java内容如下：

 

package robin.UserMgr; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.ContentValues; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; public class AddUser extends Activity implements OnClickListener { public static final String AUTHORITY = "robin.UserMgr.provider"; public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://"+AUTHORITY+"/DUser"); private EditText txt_UserId,txt_UserName,txt_UserPsd,txt_UserDetail; private Button btn_Add,btn_View_Add; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Intent intent = getIntent(); if(intent.getData() == null) intent.setData(CONTENT_URI); setContentView(R.layout.add); txt_UserId = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.txt_UserId_Add); txt_UserName = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.txt_UserName_Add); txt_UserPsd = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.txt_UserPsd_Add); txt_UserDetail = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.txt_UserDetail_Add); btn_Add = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_Add); btn_Add.setOnClickListener(this); btn_View_Add = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_View_Add); btn_View_Add.setOnClickListener(this); } public void onClick(View v) { if(v == btn_Add) { ContentValues cv = new ContentValues(); cv.put("UserId", txt_UserId.getText().toString()); cv.put("UserName", txt_UserName.getText().toString()); cv.put("UserPsd", txt_UserPsd.getText().toString()); cv.put("UserDetail", txt_UserDetail.getText().toString()); try{ this.getContentResolver().insert(getIntent().getData(), cv); setTitle("Update Success!"); } catch(Exception e) { Log.e("Error", e.toString()); setTitle("Update False!"); } } else if(v == btn_View_Add) { Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setClass(AddUser.this, ShowUser.class); startActivity(intent); } } }

运行之后，界面如下所示：

 

 

添加成功之后，显示界面如下所示：

 

 

3、编辑用户

edit. java内容如下：

 

package robin.UserMgr; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.ContentValues; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.TextView; public class EditUser extends Activity implements OnClickListener { public static final String AUTHORITY = "robin.UserMgr.provider"; public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://"+AUTHORITY+"/DUser"); private TextView txt_UserId; private EditText txt_UserName,txt_UserPsd,txt_UserDetail; private Button btn_Edit,btn_Del,btn_View; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Intent intent = getIntent(); if(intent.getData() == null) intent.setData(CONTENT_URI); setContentView(R.layout.edit); txt_UserId = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.txt_UserId); txt_UserName = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.txt_UserName); txt_UserPsd = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.txt_UserPsd); txt_UserDetail = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.txt_UserDetail); btn_Edit = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_Edit); btn_Edit.setOnClickListener(this); btn_Del = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_Del); btn_Del.setOnClickListener(this); btn_View = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_View); btn_View.setOnClickListener(this); String userInfo = intent.getStringExtra("UserInfo"); String[] userInfos = userInfo.split(","); txt_UserId.setText(userInfos[0].trim()); txt_UserName.setText(userInfos[1].trim()); txt_UserPsd.setText(userInfos[2].trim()); txt_UserDetail.setText(userInfos[3].trim()); } public void onClick(View v) { if(v == btn_Edit) { ContentValues cv = new ContentValues(); cv.put("UserId", txt_UserId.getText().toString()); cv.put("UserName", txt_UserName.getText().toString()); cv.put("UserPsd", txt_UserPsd.getText().toString()); cv.put("UserDetail", txt_UserDetail.getText().toString()); int retValue = 0; try{ retValue = this.getContentResolver().update(getIntent().getData(), cv,null,null); } catch(Exception e) { Log.e("Error", e.toString());} if(retValue == 1)setTitle("Update Success!"); else setTitle("Update False!"); } else if(v == btn_Del) { int retValue = 0; String userId = txt_UserId.getText().toString(); String[] params = new String[]{"UserId",userId}; try{ retValue = this.getContentResolver().delete(getIntent().getData(), "DUser",params); } catch(Exception e) { Log.e("Error", e.toString());} if(retValue == 1)setTitle("Delete Success!"); else setTitle("Delete False!"); } else if(v == btn_View) { Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setClass(EditUser.this, ShowUser.class); startActivity(intent); } } }

运行之后，界面如下所示

 

 

修改成功之后，显示界面如下所示：

 

 

4、删除用户，显示界面如下所示：