0723_驱动2 ioctl使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-27 17:56:15 发布

slander_1120

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-27 17:56:15 发布

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分类专栏：驱动笔记文章标签： java 算法 linux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/slander_1120/article/details/140737549

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一、ioctl工作原理

1.前面通过read和write函数完成对设备的读写操作

2.在驱动中，有的时候需要完成对设备的控制

3.所以需要将设备的控制，与设备的读写分开

二、对应关系

应用层：

#include <sys/ioctl.h>

int ioctl(int fd, unsigned long request, ...);

函数功能：对设备的控制

参数：

        fd：文件描述符

        request：设备命令码

        .....：可以传参，也可以不传参，如果传递需要传递地址

内核层：

long myled_ioctl (struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long args);

三、解析命令码

四、命令码格式

五、封装命令码宏

#define _IO(type,nr)        _IOC(_IOC_NONE,(type),(nr),0)
#define _IOR(type,nr,size)  _IOC(_IOC_READ,(type),(nr),sizeof(size))
#define _IOW(type,nr,size)  _IOC(_IOC_WRITE,(type),(nr),sizeof(size))                                             
#define _IOWR(type,nr,size) _IOC(_IOC_READ|_IOC_WRITE,(type),(nr),sizeof(size))

#define _IOC(dir,type,nr,size)          \
 ((unsigned int) (((dir)  << 30) |   (size) << 16)  | (type) << 8) |   ((nr)   << 0)

六、封装灯命令码

#define LED_ON  _IOW('a',1,int)
#define LED_OFF _IOW('a',0,int)

七、使用ioctl进行点灯

myled.h：

#ifndef __MYLED_H__
#define __MYLED_H__

enum led{
    LED1, //0
    LED2, //1
    LED3, //2
};

typedef struct {
    volatile unsigned int MODER;   // 0x00
    volatile unsigned int OTYPER;  // 0x04
    volatile unsigned int OSPEEDR; // 0x08
    volatile unsigned int PUPDR;   // 0x0C
    volatile unsigned int IDR;     // 0x10
    volatile unsigned int ODR;     // 0x14
    volatile unsigned int BSRR;    // 0x18
    volatile unsigned int LCKR;    // 0x1C 
    volatile unsigned int AFRL;    // 0x20 
    volatile unsigned int AFRH;    // 0x24
    volatile unsigned int BRR;     // 0x28
    volatile unsigned int res;
    volatile unsigned int SECCFGR; // 0x30
}gpio_t;

#define  GPIOE   (0x50006000) //GPIOE组基地址
#define  GPIOF   (0x50007000) //GPIOF组基地址
#define RCC_MP_AHB4ENSETR 0x50000A28//RCC_MP_AHB4ENSETR寄存器地址

#define LED_ON  _IOW('a',1,int)  //封装灯亮命令码
#define LED_OFF _IOW('a',0,int)  //封装灯灭命令码

#endif

demo.c：

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include "myled.h"

#define CNAME "myled"
unsigned int major = 0;
char kbuf[128] = {};
unsigned int* rcc_virt = NULL; //RCC虚拟地址
gpio_t* gpioe_virt = NULL; //gpioe组虚拟地址
gpio_t*gpiof_virt = NULL; //gpiof组虚拟地址

#define LED1_ON (gpioe_virt->ODR |= (0x1 << 10)) //LED1点亮
#define LED1_OFF (gpioe_virt->ODR &= (~(0x1 << 10))) //LED1熄灭

#define LED2_ON (gpiof_virt->ODR |= (0x1 << 10)) //LED2点亮
#define LED2_OFF (gpiof_virt->ODR &= (~(0x1 << 10))) //LED2熄灭

#define LED3_ON (gpioe_virt->ODR |= (0x1 << 8)) //LED3点亮
#define LED3_OFF (gpioe_virt->ODR &= (~(0x1 << 8))) //LED3熄灭

int myled_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}

long myled_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long args)
{
    int ret;
    int whitch = 0;
    printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    
    switch(cmd) //解析命令码
    {
        case LED_ON: //灯亮命令码    
        ret = copy_from_user(&whitch,(void*)args,sizeof(int)); //将用户空间数据，传递内核空间
        if(ret){
            printk("copy from user is error\n");
            return -EIO;
        }
        switch(whitch) //操作哪一盏灯
        {
            case LED1: //操作第一盏灯
                LED1_ON; //LED1灯亮
            break;
            case LED2:
                LED2_ON;
            break;
            case LED3:
                LED3_ON;
            break;
        }
        break;
        case LED_OFF: //灯灭命令码
        ret = copy_from_user(&whitch,(void*)args,sizeof(int)); //将用户空间数据，传递内核空间
        if(ret){
            printk("copy from user is error\n");
            return -EIO;
        }
        switch(whitch) //操作哪一盏灯
        {
            case LED1: //操作第一盏灯
                LED1_OFF; //LED1熄灭
            break;
            case LED2:
                LED2_OFF;
            break;
            case LED3:
                LED3_OFF;
            break;
        }        
        break;
    }
    return 0;
}
int myled_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0; 
}

//操作方法结构体
const struct file_operations fops = {
    .open = myled_open,
    .unlocked_ioctl = myled_ioctl,
    .release = myled_close,
};

//入口函数
static int __init demo_init(void)
{  
    //注册字符设备驱动
    major = register_chrdev(0,CNAME,&fops);
    if(major < 0){
        printk("register chrdev is error\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
    printk("major = %d\n",major);
    //RCC_MP_AHB4ENSETR寄存器地址映射
    rcc_virt = ioremap(RCC_MP_AHB4ENSETR,4);
    if(rcc_virt == NULL){
        printk("rcc ioremap is error\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
    //GPIOE组寄存器地址映射
    gpioe_virt = ioremap(GPIOE,sizeof(gpio_t));
    if(gpioe_virt == NULL){
        printk("gpioe_virtr ioremap is error\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
    //GPIOF组寄存器地址映射
    gpiof_virt = ioremap(GPIOF,sizeof(gpio_t));
    if(gpiof_virt == NULL){
        printk("gpiof_virtr ioremap is error\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
    //LED1初始化
    //使能GPIOE组控制器   rcc_virt[4] = 1
    *rcc_virt |= (0x1 << 4);
    //设置PE10引脚为输出模式 MODER[21:20] = 01
    gpioe_virt->MODER &= (~(0x3 << 20));
    gpioe_virt->MODER |= (0x1 << 20);
    //设置PE10引脚输出低电平，LED1熄灭 ODR[10] = 0
    gpioe_virt->ODR &= (~(0x1 << 10));

    //LED2初始化
    //使能GPIOE组控制器   rcc_virt[5] = 1
    *rcc_virt |= (0x1 << 5);
    //设置PF10引脚为输出模式 MODER[21:20] = 01
    gpiof_virt->MODER &= (~(0x3 << 20));
    gpiof_virt->MODER |= (0x1 << 20);
    //设置PF10引脚输出低电平，LED2熄灭 ODR[10] = 0
    gpiof_virt->ODR &= (~(0x1 << 10));   

    //LED3初始化
    //设置PE8引脚为输出模式 MODER[17:16] = 01
    gpioe_virt->MODER &= (~(0x3 << 16));
    gpioe_virt->MODER |= (0x1 << 16);
    //设置PE8引脚输出低电平，LED3熄灭 ODR[8] = 0
    gpioe_virt->ODR &= (~(0x1 << 8));

    return 0; //函数的返回值
}

//出口函数
static void __exit demo_exit(void)
{
    iounmap(gpioe_virt);
    iounmap(gpiof_virt);
    iounmap(rcc_virt);
    //注销字符设备驱动
    unregister_chrdev(major,CNAME);
}

module_init(demo_init); //指定入口地址
module_exit(demo_exit); //指定出口地址
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); //许可证,遵循GPL协议

应用层代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>    
#include "myled.h"

int main(int argc,const char * argv[])
{
    int fd = -1;
    int whitch = 0;
    char buf[128] = "";
    fd = open("/dev/myled",O_RDWR); //打开
    if(fd == -1){
        perror("open is error\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    while(1)
    {
        whitch = LED1; //操作LED1
        ioctl(fd,LED_ON,&whitch);
        sleep(1);
        ioctl(fd,LED_OFF,&whitch);
        sleep(1);

        whitch = LED2; //操作LED2
        ioctl(fd,LED_ON,&whitch);
        sleep(1);
        ioctl(fd,LED_OFF,&whitch);
        sleep(1);

        whitch = LED3; //操作LED3
        ioctl(fd,LED_ON,&whitch);
        sleep(1);
        ioctl(fd,LED_OFF,&whitch);
        sleep(1);
    }
    close(fd);
    return 0;
}