这些服务的通用名称是对象/关系映射(object-relational mapping,ORM)。ORM工具能够把你的注意力从容易出错的SQL代码转向如何实现应用程序的真正需求。
Spring对ORM框架的支持提供了与这些框架的集成的以及一些附加的服务:
Spring声明式事务的集成支持;
透明的异常处理;
线程安全的、轻量级的模板类;
DAO支持类;
资源管理;
1.Hibernate概览
以前,在Spring应用程序中使用Hibernate是通过HibernateTemplate进行的。与JDBC对等的对象很类似,HibernateTemplate简化了使用Hibernate的繁琐工作,这是通过捕获Hibernate特定的异常,然后将其转化为Spring的非检查型数据访问异常并重新抛出而实现的。
HibernateTemplate的职责之一是管理Hibernate的Session。HibernateTemplate的不足之处在于存在一定程度地侵入性。当我们在DAO中使用HibernateTemplate(不管是直接使用还是通过HibernateDaoSupport)时,DAO类就会与Spring API产生了耦合。
参考:
http://tools.jboss.org/downloads/overview.html
http://blog.csdn.net/wangpeng047/article/details/6877720
注入hibernateTemplate
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>3.2.17.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>3.3.2.GA</version>
</dependency>
调试:
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in class path resource [com/springinaction/spitter_hibernate/spring-spitter.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1514)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:521)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:293)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:290)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:191)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:618)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:938)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
at com.springinaction.springtest.Demo6.test1_1(Demo6.java:33)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getSingleton(LoggerFactory.java:223)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.bind(LoggerFactory.java:120)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.performInitialization(LoggerFactory.java:111)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory(LoggerFactory.java:269)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:242)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:255)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.<clinit>(Configuration.java:152)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:148)
at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:105)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.newConfiguration(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:821)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.buildSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:552)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.AbstractSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractSessionFactoryBean.java:188)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1573)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1511)
... 35 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
... 53 more
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in class path resource [com/springinaction/spitter_hibernate/spring-spitter.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to instantiate default tuplizer [org.hibernate.tuple.entity.PojoEntityTuplizer]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1514)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:521)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:293)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:290)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:191)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:618)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:938)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
at com.springinaction.springtest.Demo6.test1_1(Demo6.java:33)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to instantiate default tuplizer [org.hibernate.tuple.entity.PojoEntityTuplizer]
at org.hibernate.tuple.entity.EntityTuplizerFactory.constructTuplizer(EntityTuplizerFactory.java:110)
at org.hibernate.tuple.entity.EntityTuplizerFactory.constructDefaultTuplizer(EntityTuplizerFactory.java:135)
at org.hibernate.tuple.entity.EntityEntityModeToTuplizerMapping.<init>(EntityEntityModeToTuplizerMapping.java:80)
at org.hibernate.tuple.entity.EntityMetamodel.<init>(EntityMetamodel.java:323)
at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.<init>(AbstractEntityPersister.java:456)
at org.hibernate.persister.entity.SingleTableEntityPersister.<init>(SingleTableEntityPersister.java:131)
at org.hibernate.persister.PersisterFactory.createClassPersister(PersisterFactory.java:84)
at org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:267)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1341)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.newSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:863)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.buildSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:782)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.AbstractSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractSessionFactoryBean.java:188)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1573)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1511)
... 35 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
at org.hibernate.tuple.entity.EntityTuplizerFactory.constructTuplizer(EntityTuplizerFactory.java:107)
... 48 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javassist/util/proxy/MethodFilter
at org.hibernate.bytecode.javassist.BytecodeProviderImpl.getProxyFactoryFactory(BytecodeProviderImpl.java:49)
at org.hibernate.tuple.entity.PojoEntityTuplizer.buildProxyFactoryInternal(PojoEntityTuplizer.java:208)
at org.hibernate.tuple.entity.PojoEntityTuplizer.buildProxyFactory(PojoEntityTuplizer.java:186)
at org.hibernate.tuple.entity.AbstractEntityTuplizer.<init>(AbstractEntityTuplizer.java:151)
at org.hibernate.tuple.entity.PojoEntityTuplizer.<init>(PojoEntityTuplizer.java:78)
... 53 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javassist.util.proxy.MethodFilter
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
... 58 more
<dependency>
<groupId>javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.12.1.GA</version>
</dependency>
spring-spitter.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource_JDBC"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl" />
<property name="username" value="spring" />
<property name="password" value="spring" />
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource_JDBC" />
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>/com/springinaction/spitter_hibernate/pojo/Spitter.hbm.xml
</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="spitterDao"
class="com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate.HibernateSpitterDAO">
<property name="hibernateTemplate" ref="hibernateTemplate" />
</bean>
</beans>
SpitterDAO.java
package com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate;
import com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate.pojo.Spitter;
public interface SpitterDAO
{
public void addSpitter(Spitter spitter);
public Spitter getSpitterById(int id);
public Spitter getSpitterByNamedParameter(int id, String username);
public Spitter getSpitterByValueBean(int id, String username);
}
HibernateSpitterDAO.java
package com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;
import com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate.pojo.Spitter;
public class HibernateSpitterDAO implements SpitterDAO
{
private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;
public void setHibernateTemplate(HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate)
{
this.hibernateTemplate = hibernateTemplate;
}
public void addSpitter(Spitter spitter)
{
hibernateTemplate.save(spitter);
}
public Spitter getSpitterById(int id)
{
return (Spitter)hibernateTemplate.find("from Spitter where id=?", new BigDecimal(id)).get(
0);
}
public Spitter getSpitterByNamedParameter(int id, String username)
{
return (Spitter)hibernateTemplate.findByNamedParam(
"from Spitter s where s.id=:id and s.username=:username",
new String[] {"id", "username"}, new Object[] {new BigDecimal(id), username}).get(0);
}
public Spitter getSpitterByValueBean(int id, String username)
{
Spitter s = new Spitter();
s.setId(new BigDecimal(id));
s.setUsername(username);
return (Spitter)hibernateTemplate.findByValueBean(
"from Spitter s where s.id=:id and s.username=:username", s).get(0);
}
}
Spitter.java
package com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate.pojo;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
public class Spitter implements java.io.Serializable
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2314391597826879483L;
private BigDecimal id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String fullname;
private String email;
public Spitter()
{}
public Spitter(BigDecimal id, String username, String password, String fullname, String email)
{
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.fullname = fullname;
this.email = email;
}
public BigDecimal getId()
{
return this.id;
}
public void setId(BigDecimal id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername()
{
return this.username;
}
public void setUsername(String username)
{
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword()
{
return this.password;
}
public void setPassword(String password)
{
this.password = password;
}
public String getFullname()
{
return this.fullname;
}
public void setFullname(String fullname)
{
this.fullname = fullname;
}
public String getEmail()
{
return this.email;
}
public void setEmail(String email)
{
this.email = email;
}
}
Spitter.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate.pojo.Spitter"
table="SPITTER" schema="SPRING">
<id name="id" type="big_decimal">
<column name="ID" precision="22" scale="0" />
<generator class="assigned" />
</id>
<property name="username" type="string">
<column name="USERNAME" length="20" not-null="true" />
</property>
<property name="password" type="string">
<column name="PASSWORD" length="20" not-null="true" />
</property>
<property name="fullname" type="string">
<column name="FULLNAME" length="50" not-null="true" />
</property>
<property name="email" type="string">
<column name="EMAIL" length="50" not-null="true" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Test Demo
package com.springinaction.springtest;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate.HibernateSpitterDAO;
import com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate.pojo.Spitter;
public class Demo6
{
@Test
public void test1()
{
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"com/springinaction/spitter_hibernate/spring-spitter.xml");
HibernateSpitterDAO dao = (HibernateSpitterDAO)ctx.getBean("spitterDao");
Spitter spitter = new Spitter();
spitter.setId(new BigDecimal(6));
spitter.setUsername("Jagger");
spitter.setPassword("123456");
spitter.setFullname("Jagger S Y CHEN");
spitter.setEmail("43970615@XX.com");
dao.addSpitter(spitter);
}
@Test
public void test2()
{
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"com/springinaction/spitter_hibernate/spring-spitter.xml");
HibernateSpitterDAO dao = (HibernateSpitterDAO)ctx.getBean("spitterDao");
Spitter spitter = dao.getSpitterById(6);
}
@Test
public void test3()
{
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"com/springinaction/spitter_hibernate/spring-spitter.xml");
HibernateSpitterDAO dao = (HibernateSpitterDAO)ctx.getBean("spitterDao");
dao.getSpitterByNamedParameter(6, "Jagger");
}
@Test
public void test4()
{
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"com/springinaction/spitter_hibernate/spring-spitter.xml");
HibernateSpitterDAO dao = (HibernateSpitterDAO)ctx.getBean("spitterDao");
dao.getSpitterByValueBean(6, "Jagger");
}
}
继承HibernateDaoSupport
spring-spitter.xml
<bean id="spitterSupportDao"
class="com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate.HibernateSpitterSupportDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
HibernateSpitterSupportDAO.java
package com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate.pojo.Spitter;
public class HibernateSpitterSupportDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport implements SpitterDAO
{
public void addSpitter(Spitter spitter)
{
getHibernateTemplate().save(spitter);
}
public Spitter getSpitterById(int id)
{
return (Spitter)getHibernateTemplate().find("from Spitter where id=?",
new BigDecimal(id)).get(0);
}
public Spitter getSpitterByNamedParameter(int id, String username)
{
return (Spitter)getHibernateTemplate().findByNamedParam(
"from Spitter s where s.id=:id and s.username=:username",
new String[] {"id", "username"}, new Object[] {new BigDecimal(id), username}).get(0);
}
public Spitter getSpitterByValueBean(int id, String username)
{
Spitter s = new Spitter();
s.setId(new BigDecimal(id));
s.setUsername(username);
return (Spitter)getHibernateTemplate().findByValueBean(
"from Spitter s where s.id=:id and s.username=:username", s).get(0);
}
}
Hibernate3引用了上下文Session,这是Hibernate本身所提供的保证每个事务使用同一Session的方案,因此没有必要再使用HibernateTemplate来保证这一行为了。
2.声明Hibernate的Session工厂
使用Hibernate的主要接口是org.hibernate.Session。通过Hibernate的Session接口,应用程序的DAO能够满足所有的持久化需求。
获取Hibernate Session对象的标准方式是借助于Hibernate的SessionFactory接口的实现类。除了一些其他的任务,SessionFactory主要负责Hibernate Session的打开、关闭以及管理。
在Spring中,我们要通过Spring的某一个Hibernate Session工厂Bean来获取Hibernate的SessionFactory。
如果你选择在XML中定义对象与数据库之间的映射,那么需要在Spring中配置LocalSessionFactoryBean:
<bean id="sessionFactory_XML"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource_JDBC" />
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>/com/springinaction/spitter_hibernate/pojo/Spitter.hbm.xml
</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
如果你更倾向于使用注解的方式来定义持久化,那需要使用AnnotationSessionFactoryBean来代替LocalSessionFactoryBean:
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-annotations</artifactId>
<version>3.3.1.GA</version>
</dependency>
<bean id="sessionFactory_Annotation"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource_JDBC" />
<property name="packagesToScan">
<list>
<value>com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate_session</value>
</list>
</property>
<!--
<property name="annotatedClasses">
<list>
<value>com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate_session.Spitter</value>
</list>
</property>
-->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
使用packagesToScan属性告诉Spring扫描一个或多个包以查找域类,这些类通过注解的方式表明要使用Hibernate进行持久化。
使用JPA的@Entity或@MappedSuperclass注解以及Hibernate的@Entity注解进行标注的类都会包含在内。
package com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate_session;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "SPITTER", schema = "SPRING")
public class Spitter implements java.io.Serializable
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2282127144584390464L;
private BigDecimal id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String fullname;
private String email;
public Spitter()
{}
public Spitter(BigDecimal id, String username, String password, String fullname, String email)
{
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.fullname = fullname;
this.email = email;
}
@Id
@Column(name = "ID", unique = true, nullable = false, precision = 22, scale = 0)
public BigDecimal getId()
{
return this.id;
}
public void setId(BigDecimal id)
{
this.id = id;
}
@Column(name = "USERNAME", nullable = false, length = 20)
public String getUsername()
{
return this.username;
}
public void setUsername(String username)
{
this.username = username;
}
@Column(name = "PASSWORD", nullable = false, length = 20)
public String getPassword()
{
return this.password;
}
public void setPassword(String password)
{
this.password = password;
}
@Column(name = "FULLNAME", nullable = false, length = 50)
public String getFullname()
{
return this.fullname;
}
public void setFullname(String fullname)
{
this.fullname = fullname;
}
@Column(name = "EMAIL", nullable = false, length = 50)
public String getEmail()
{
return this.email;
}
public void setEmail(String email)
{
this.email = email;
}
}
3.构建不依赖于Spring的Hibernate代码
spring-spitter.xml
<context:component-scan base-package="com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate_session" />
SpitterDAO.java
package com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate_session;
public interface SpitterDAO
{
public void addSpitter(Spitter spitter);
public Spitter getSpitterById(int id);
public void updateSpitter(Spitter spitter);
}
HibernateSpitterDAO.java
package com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate_session;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
@Repository("spitterDao")
@Transactional
public class HibernateSpitterDAO implements SpitterDAO
{
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
@Autowired
@Qualifier("sessionFactory_Annotation")
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory)
{
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
private Session currentSession()
{
return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
}
public void addSpitter(Spitter spitter)
{
currentSession().save(spitter);
}
public Spitter getSpitterById(int id)
{
return (Spitter)currentSession().get(Spitter.class, new BigDecimal(id));
}
public void updateSpitter(Spitter spitter)
{
currentSession().update(spitter);
}
}
sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();方法不能够获取到Session
org.hibernate.HibernateException: save is not valid without active transaction
at org.hibernate.context.ThreadLocalSessionContext$TransactionProtectionWrapper.invoke(ThreadLocalSessionContext.java:338)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy15.save(Unknown Source)
at com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate_session.HibernateSpitterDAO.addSpitter(HibernateSpitterDAO.java:31)
at com.springinaction.springtest.Demo8.test1(Demo8.java:29)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
添加事务
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
...
<bean id="txManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory_Annotation" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
Test Demo
package com.springinaction.springtest;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate_session.Spitter;
import com.springinaction.spitter_hibernate_session.SpitterDAO;
public class Demo8
{
@Test
public void test1()
{
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"com/springinaction/spitter_hibernate_session/spring-spitter.xml");
SpitterDAO dao = (SpitterDAO)ctx.getBean("spitterDao");// 使用接口
Spitter spitter = new Spitter();
spitter.setId(new BigDecimal(9));
spitter.setUsername("Jagger");
spitter.setPassword("123456");
spitter.setFullname("Jagger S Y CHEN");
spitter.setEmail("43970615@XX.com");
dao.addSpitter(spitter);
}
@Test
public void test2()
{
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"com/springinaction/spitter_hibernate_session/spring-spitter.xml");
SpitterDAO dao = (SpitterDAO)ctx.getBean("spitterDao");
dao.getSpitterById(9);
}
}
在currentSession()方法中,使用这个SessionFactory来获取当前事务的Session。
使用@Repository能够像其他注解一样被Spring的<context:component-scan>
所扫描到。另一方面,使用Hibernate上下文Session而不是Hibernate模板,如何才能捕获平台相关的异常,然后以Spring的非检查型异常形式重新抛出呢?只需在Spring应用上下文中添加PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor Bean:
<bean
class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />
它会在所有拥有@Repository注解的类上添加一个通知器,这样就会捕获任何平台相关的异常并以Spring的非检查型数据访问异常的形式重新抛出。