预编译处理——error和#line

error的用法

1. #error用于生成一个编译错误消息

用法
#error message
message不需要用双引号包围

1. #error编译指示字用于自定义程序员特有的编译错误消息。类似的，#warning用于生成编译警告。
2. #error是一种与编译器指示字
3. #error可用于提示编译条件是否满足

#ifndef _cplusplus

#error This file should be processed with C++ compiler
#endif

编译过程中的任意错误信息意味着无法生成最终的可执行程序

示例代码：#error预处理初探

#include <stdio.h>

#ifndef __cplusplus
    #error This file should be processed with C++ compiler.
#endif

class CppClass
{
private:
    int m_value;
public:
    CppClass()
    {

    }

    ~CppClass()
    {
    }
};

int main()
{
    return 0;
}

当用C编译器编译时：
ctest.c:4: error: #error This file should be processed with C++ compiler.
ctest.c:7: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘attribute’ before ‘CppClass’

示例代码：#error在条件编译中的应用

#include <stdio.h>

#define PRODUCT 1

void f()
{
#if ( PRODUCT == 1 )
    printf("This is a low level product!\n");
#elif ( PRODUCT == 2 )
    printf("This is a middle level product!\n");
#elif ( PRODUCT == 3 )
    printf("This is a high level product!\n");
#endif
}

int main()
{
    f();

    printf("1. Query Information.\n");
    printf("2. Record Information.\n");
    printf("3. Delete Information.\n");

#if ( PRODUCT == 1 )
    printf("4. Exit.\n");
#elif ( PRODUCT == 2 )
    printf("4. High Level Query.\n");
    printf("5. Exit.\n");
#elif ( PRODUCT == 3 )
    printf("4. High Level Query.\n");
    printf("5. Mannul Service.\n");
    printf("6. Exit.\n");
#endif

    return 0;
}

输出结果
This is a low level product!
1. Query Information.
2. Record Information.
3. Delete Information.
4. Exit.

#line的用法

#line用于强制指定新的行号和编译文件名，并对源程序的代码重新编号
用法：

#line number filename
filename 可省略
#line编译指示字的本质是重定义 LINE和 FILE

示例代码：#line的使用

#include <stdio.h>

// The code section is written by A.
// Begin
#line 1 "a.c"

// End

// The code section is written by B.
// Begin
#line 1 "b.c"

// End

// The code section is written by Delphi.
// Begin
#line 1 "delphi_tang.c"


int main()
{
    printf("%s : %d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__);

    printf("%s : %d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__);

    return 0;
}

// End