UBOOT学习(其四):uboot第二阶段分析

从uboot第一阶段我们可以知道,最后执行的函数是armboot_start.

下图所示是uboot执行的过程.

void start_armboot (void)
{
	init_fnc_t **init_fnc_ptr;
	char *s;
#ifndef CFG_NO_FLASH
	ulong size;
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_VFD) || defined(CONFIG_LCD)
	unsigned long addr;
#endif

	/* Pointer is writable since we allocated a register for it */
	gd = (gd_t*)(_armboot_start - CFG_MALLOC_LEN - sizeof(gd_t));
	/* compiler optimization barrier needed for GCC >= 3.4 */
	__asm__ __volatile__("": : :"memory");

	memset ((void*)gd, 0, sizeof (gd_t));
	gd->bd = (bd_t*)((char*)gd - sizeof(bd_t));
	memset (gd->bd, 0, sizeof (bd_t));

	monitor_flash_len = _bss_start - _armboot_start;

	for (init_fnc_ptr = init_sequence; *init_fnc_ptr; ++init_fnc_ptr) {
		if ((*init_fnc_ptr)() != 0) {
			hang ();
		}
	}

#ifndef CFG_NO_FLASH
	/* configure available FLASH banks */
    //初始化flash
	size = flash_init ();
	display_flash_config (size);
#endif /* CFG_NO_FLASH */

#ifdef CONFIG_VFD
#	ifndef PAGE_SIZE
#	  define PAGE_SIZE 4096
#	endif
	/*
	 * reserve memory for VFD display (always full pages)
	 */
	/* bss_end is defined in the board-specific linker script */
	addr = (_bss_end + (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1);
	size = vfd_setmem (addr);
	gd->fb_base = addr;
#endif /* CONFIG_VFD */

#ifdef CONFIG_LCD
#	ifndef PAGE_SIZE
#	  define PAGE_SIZE 4096
#	endif
	/*
	 * reserve memory for LCD display (always full pages)
	 */
	/* bss_end is defined in the board-specific linker script */
	addr = (_bss_end + (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1);
	size = lcd_setmem (addr);
	gd->fb_base = addr;
#endif /* CONFIG_LCD */

	/* armboot_start is defined in the board-specific linker script */
	mem_malloc_init (_armboot_start - CFG_MALLOC_LEN);

    //初始化nand flash
#if (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NAND)
	puts ("NAND:  ");
	nand_init();		/* go init the NAND */
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
	AT91F_DataflashInit();
	dataflash_print_info();
#endif

	/* initialize environment */
    //初始化环境变量
	env_relocate ();

#ifdef CONFIG_VFD
	/* must do this after the framebuffer is allocated */
	drv_vfd_init();
#endif /* CONFIG_VFD */

	/* IP Address */
    //设置环境变量
	gd->bd->bi_ip_addr = getenv_IPaddr ("ipaddr");

	/* MAC Address */
	{
		int i;
		ulong reg;
		char *s, *e;
		char tmp[64];

		i = getenv_r ("ethaddr", tmp, sizeof (tmp));
		s = (i > 0) ? tmp : NULL;

		for (reg = 0; reg < 6; ++reg) {
			gd->bd->bi_enetaddr[reg] = s ? simple_strtoul (s, &e, 16) : 0;
			if (s)
				s = (*e) ? e + 1 : e;
		}

#ifdef CONFIG_HAS_ETH1
		i = getenv_r ("eth1addr", tmp, sizeof (tmp));
		s = (i > 0) ? tmp : NULL;

		for (reg = 0; reg < 6; ++reg) {
			gd->bd->bi_enet1addr[reg] = s ? simple_strtoul (s, &e, 16) : 0;
			if (s)
				s = (*e) ? e + 1 : e;
		}
#endif
	}

	devices_init ();	/* get the devices list going. */

#ifdef CONFIG_CMC_PU2
	load_sernum_ethaddr ();
#endif /* CONFIG_CMC_PU2 */

	jumptable_init ();

	console_init_r ();	/* fully init console as a device */

#if defined(CONFIG_MISC_INIT_R)
	/* miscellaneous platform dependent initialisations */
	misc_init_r ();
#endif

	/* enable exceptions */
	enable_interrupts ();

	/* Perform network card initialisation if necessary */
#ifdef CONFIG_DRIVER_CS8900
	cs8900_get_enetaddr (gd->bd->bi_enetaddr);
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_DRIVER_SMC91111) || defined (CONFIG_DRIVER_LAN91C96)
	if (getenv ("ethaddr")) {
		smc_set_mac_addr(gd->bd->bi_enetaddr);
	}
#endif /* CONFIG_DRIVER_SMC91111 || CONFIG_DRIVER_LAN91C96 */

	/* Initialize from environment */
	if ((s = getenv ("loadaddr")) != NULL) {
		load_addr = simple_strtoul (s, NULL, 16);
	}
#if (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NET)
	if ((s = getenv ("bootfile")) != NULL) {
		copy_filename (BootFile, s, sizeof (BootFile));
	}
#endif	/* CFG_CMD_NET */

#ifdef BOARD_LATE_INIT
	board_late_init ();
#endif
#if (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NET)
#if defined(CONFIG_NET_MULTI)
	puts ("Net:   ");
#endif
	eth_initialize(gd->bd);
#endif
	/* main_loop() can return to retry autoboot, if so just run it again. */
	for (;;) {
		main_loop ();
	}

	/* NOTREACHED - no way out of command loop except booting */
}

在经过一系列的硬件初始化后,uboot最后在main_loop()中循环执行.

而main_loop这个函数的核心功能就是:识别和运行指令.

在开机时,我们通过串口可以进入到uboot的命令行中去,在这里我们可以输入各种命令,也可以加载和启动linux内核.实际上uboot有个delay超时命令,当我们开机不操作时,自动加载linux内核.