Python实现保留三位有效数字

  网上查找了较多的四舍五入的方法，发现不是自己想要的，于是自己按数目级别写了一段，后面又做了更改，做了简单的整合。

  整体思路就是取第三位数作判断，如果是第三位是5，再判断第四位的奇偶性 ，作为小白，代码整体逻辑比较呆板，希望有大神做下修改。

# 定义保留三位有效数字
# 默认数值均大于1，小于100000
def restain3(a):
    if a<10: 
        if int(str(float(a))[4]) != 5:
            a = round(a,2) 
        elif int(str(float(a))[5])%2 != 0:
            a = round(a,2)
        else:
            a = int(a*100)/100
    elif a<100:
        if int(str(float(a))[4]) != 5:
            a = round(a,1) 
        elif int(str(float(a))[5])%2 != 0: 
            a = round(a,1)
        else:
            a = int(a*10)/10
    elif a<1000:
        if int(str(float(a))[4]) != 5:
            a = int(round(a,0)) 
        elif int(str(float(a))[5])%2 != 0: 
            a = int(round(a,0))
        else:
            a = int(a)
    elif a<10000:
        if int(str(int(a))[3]) != 5:
            a = round(a,-1) 
        elif int(str(float(a))[5])%2 != 0:
            a = round(a,-1)
        else:
            a = int(a/10)*10
    elif a<100000:
        if int(str(int(a))[3]) != 5:
            a = round(a,-2) 
        elif int(str(int(a))[4])%2 != 0: 
            a = round(a,-2)
        else:
            a = int(a/100)*100
    return a

总结了下整体的数字规律，做了更改，用到了math模块，因为字符串中小数点也可以使用切片查找，大体分为了三部分，小于1000，小于10000，大于1000。

import math
# 定义保留三位有效数字
# 默认数值均大于1
def restain3(a):
    if a<1000:
        if int(str('%.5f'%float(a))[4]) != 5:
            b = int(3-math.log10(pow(10,math.ceil(math.log10(a)))))
            a = round(a,b)
            if "." in str(a) and len(str(a)) <4:
                a = str(a)+str(0)
            elif len(str(a)) ==1:
                a = str(a)+str(".")+str(0)+str(0)
            elif "." not in str(a) and len(str(a)) ==2:
                a = str(a)+str(".")+str(0)+str(0)                
        elif int(str('%.5f'%float(a))[5])%2 != 0: 
            b = int(3-math.log10(pow(10,math.ceil(math.log10(a)))))
            a = round(a,b)
        else:
            b = int(3-math.log10(pow(10,math.ceil(math.log10(a)))))
            a = int(a*pow(10,b))*pow(10,-b)        
    elif a<10000:
        if int(str(int(a))[3]) != 5:
            a = round(a,-1) 
        elif int(str(float(a))[5])%2 != 0: 
            a = round(a,-1)
        else:
            a = int(a/10)*10
    else:
        if int(str(int(a))[3]) != 5:
            b = int(3-math.log10(pow(10,math.ceil(math.log10(a)))))
            a = round(a,b) 
        elif int(str(int(a))[4])%2 != 0: 
            b = int(3-math.log10(pow(10,math.ceil(math.log10(a)))))
            a = round(a,b)
        else:
            b = int(3-math.log10(pow(10,math.ceil(math.log10(a)))))
            a = int(a*pow(10,b))*pow(10,-b)
    return a

整体实现效果如下：

print(restain3(1),
      restain3(1.2),
      restain3(3.785974),
      restain3(7.895823),
      restain3(120.5597),
      restain3(1795.8989),
      restain3(12345.248),
      restain3(192857634684),sep='\n')

1.00
1.20
3.79
7.89
121.0
1790
12300.0
193000000000