leetcode 331 ：Verify Preorder Serialization of a Binary Tree：简单题

331. Verify Preorder Serialization of a Binary Tree

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Total Accepted: 6543  Total Submissions: 20906  Difficulty: Medium

One way to serialize a binary tree is to use pre-order traversal. When we encounter a non-null node, we record the node's value. If it is a null node, we record using a sentinel value such as #.

     _9_
    /   \
   3     2
  / \   / \
 4   1  #  6
/ \ / \   / \
# # # #   # #

For example, the above binary tree can be serialized to the string "9,3,4,#,#,1,#,#,2,#,6,#,#", where# represents a null node.

Given a string of comma separated values, verify whether it is a correct preorder traversal serialization of a binary tree. Find an algorithm without reconstructing the tree.

Each comma separated value in the string must be either an integer or a character '#' representingnull pointer.

You may assume that the input format is always valid, for example it could never contain two consecutive commas such as "1,,3".

Example 1:
"9,3,4,#,#,1,#,#,2,#,6,#,#"
Return true

Example 2:
"1,#"
Return false

Example 3:
"9,#,#,1"
Return false

这道题目是只是判断pre-order遍历序列的正确性，直观想法：非叶子结点--栈压入两个节点；叶子结点--不做操作；中途无节点可压或者遍历完仍有节点返回false，不然返回true；

public class Solution {
    public boolean isValidSerialization(String preorder) {
		if(preorder==null||preorder.length()==0)
			return false;
		Stack<Character> st=new Stack<>();
		String[] split=preorder.split(",");
		st.push(split[0].charAt(0));
		int Index=1;
		while(!st.isEmpty()){
			Character cc=st.pop();
			if(cc!='#'){
				if(Index<split.length)
					st.push(split[Index++].charAt(0));
				else {
					return false;
				}
				if(Index<split.length)
					st.push(split[Index++].charAt(0));
				else {
					return false;
				}
			}
		}
		return Index==split.length;
	}
}

其实，只是判断节点的位置和数量是否有误，因此不需要栈，也可以操作。

非叶子结点，入度是1，出度是2

叶子节点，入度是1，出度是0

所以计算diff表示总的（入度-出度），初始化1

主要过程中，出现diff<0表示出错，结束后diff==0才可以

public boolean isValidSerialization(String preorder) {
    String[] nodes = preorder.split(",");
    int diff = 1;
    for (String node: nodes) {
        if (--diff < 0) return false;
        if (!node.equals("#")) diff += 2;
    }
    return diff == 0;
}