Spring Data JPA

前言

   最近看springBoot中小例子时，看到了spring Data JPA,就简单了解一下。

什么是Spring Data JPA?

  JPA即Java Persistence API.JPA是一个基于O/R映射的标准规范。所谓规范即只定义标准规则（如注解、接口），不提供实现，软件提供商可以按照标准规范来实现，而使用者只需按照规范中的定义的方式来使用，而不用和供应商的实现打交道。JPA的主要实现由Hibernate、EclipeLink和OpenJPA等，意味着我们只要使用JPA来开发，无论哪一个开发方式都是一样的。

  是Spring Data的一个子项目，通过提供基于JPA的Repository极大地减少了作为数据访问方案的代码量。

查询关键字

关键字	示例	同功能JPQL
And	findByLastnameAndFirstname	where x.lastname=?1 and x.firstname=?2
Or	findByLastnameOrFirstname	where x.lastname=?1 or x.firstname=?2
IsEquals	findByFirstname,findByFirstnameIs,findByFirstnameEquals	where x.firstname=1?
Between	findByStartDateBetween	where x.startDate between 1? and ?2
LessThan	findByAgeLessThan	where x.age <?1
LessThanEqual	findByAgeLessThanEqual	where x.age <=?1
GreaterThan	findByAgeGreaterThan	where x.age >?1
GreaterThanEqual	findByAgeGreaterThanEqual	where x.age >=?1
After	findByStartDateAfter	where x.startDate >?1
Before	findByStartDateBefore	where x.startDate <?1
IsNull	findByAgeIsNull	where x.age is null
IsNotNull,NotNull	findByAge(Is)NotNull	where x.age not null
Like	findByFirstnameLike	where x.firstname like ?1
NotLike	findByFirstnameNotLike	where x.firstname not like ?1
StartingWith	findByFirstnameStartingWith	where x.firstname like ?1(参数前面加%)
EndingWith	findByFirstnameEndingWith	where x.firstname like ?1(参数后面加%)
Containing	findByFirstnameContaining	where x.firstname like ?1(参数两边加%)
OrderBy	findByAgeOrderByLastnameDesc	where x.age =?1 order by x.lastname desc
Not	findByLastnameNot	where x.lastname<>?1
In	findByAgeIn(Collection<Age> ages)	where x.age in ?1
NotIn	findByAgeNotIn(Collection<Age> ages)	where x.age not in ?1
True	findByActiveTrue()	where x.active = true
False	findByActiveFalse()	where x.active = false
IgnoreCase	findByFirstnameIgnoreCase	where UPPER(x.firstname)=UPPER(?1)

小结

  望名知意，可以简化代码量，其实还有很多特性。