VMPro-16 + CentOS-8x + Linux-8虚拟机中源码编译安装MySQL-8.0.25
文章目录
一）、环境>工具&版本：
01）、运行环境 & 配置
- 实验室虚拟环境
- CentOS-8.4_86_64 + Linux-8_86_64
- CPU & 内存：4 + 4048MB
02）、运用软件 ＆ 工具
- 虚拟机运行：VMware Workstation Pro-16
- 远程终端SSH工具：Xshell 7
- FTP传输工具：Xftp 7
- 可视化远程连接数据库工具：Navicat 15 for MySQL
03）、MySQL安装版本＆方式
- 安装版本：MySQL-8.0.26
- 安装方式：源码编译安装
二）、清理 & 防火墙安装设置：
04）、清理 MySQL 的安装环境
yum erase mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs mariadb-devel -y
//未找到匹配的参数: mariadb
//未找到匹配的参数: mariadb-server
//未找到匹配的参数: mariadb-libs
//未找到匹配的参数: mariadb-devel
//没有软件包需要移除。
//依赖关系解决。
//无需任何处理。
//完毕！
//这样就省去了查询和删除【mariadb】的步骤，同时也能证明【CentOS-8x】的系统中，已经没有预置【mariadb】了...
05）、关闭&停止 firewall
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl mask firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
06）、关闭 selinux
sed -ri '/^SELINUX=/c\SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
07）、安装 iptables 防火墙
yum install iptables-services
- 编辑防火墙配置文件，开放
mysql默认端口3306
vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i eth0 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
- 覆盖原文件中相应字段的全部内容并开启【3306】端口，【
:wq】保存退出。 - 【iptables】启动 & 开机自启 & 重启设置：
systemctl restart iptables.service //重启【iptables】生效配置
systemctl enable iptables.service //设置【iptables】开机自启动
/usr/libexec/iptables/iptables.init restart //重置【iptables】
三）、更新 & 依赖和必备软件安装：
08）、系统软件源更新
yum update
09）、基本依赖＆必备编译工具安装
yum install -y epel-release git openssl openssl-devel libaio libaio-devel libtirpc libtirpc-devel pkgconfig perl-JSON.noarch subversion
10）、编译安装ncurses & ncurses-devel
yum -y install ncurses-devel
mkdir lanmpp
cd /root/lanmpp
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-6.2.tar.gz
tar -xf ncurses-6.2.tar.gz
rm -rf ncurses-6.2.tar.gz
cd ncurses-6.2/
./configure --with-shared --without-debug --without-ada --enable-overwrite
make && make install
11）、编译安装 rpcsvc-proto
cd ..
wget https://github.com/thkukuk/rpcsvc-proto/releases/download/v1.4.2/rpcsvc-proto-1.4.2.tar.xz
tar -xf rpcsvc-proto-1.4.2.tar.xz
rm -rf rpcsvc-proto-1.4.2.tar.xz
cd rpcsvc-proto-1.4.2/
./configure --sysconfdir=/etc && make
make install
12）、安装 cmake & bison
cd ..
yum install -y cmake bison
- 确认一下
CentOS-8.4中默认CMake的版本号
cmake --version
//cmake version 3.18.2
- 符合编译安装
mysql的cmake最低版本要求
13）、安装&升级 gcc gcc-c++
gcc版本查询
gcc --version
//gcc (GCC) 8.4.1 20200928 (Red Hat 8.4.1-1)
- 符合编译最低要求，暂时不用升级，
yum安装后配置一下即可
yum -y install gcc
yum -y install gcc-c++
dnf install centos-release-stream
dnf install gcc-toolset-10-gcc-c++
dnf install gcc-toolset-10-gcc-libasan-devel //若遇报错可忽略，可能是因为已安装过了...
source /opt/rh/gcc-toolset-10/enable
echo "int main(void) {}" > t.c
- 安装留底备查，到时可以分析 & 解决因此而发的问题
===================================================================================
软件包 架构 版本 仓库 大小
===================================================================================
安装:
centos-release-stream x86_64 8.1-1.1911.0.7.el8 extras 11 k
事务概要
===================================================================================
依赖关系解决。
===================================================================================
软件包 架构 版本 仓库 大小
===================================================================================
安装:
gcc-toolset-10-gcc-c++ x86_64 10.2.1-8.2.el8 appstream 12 M
安装依赖关系:
environment-modules x86_64 4.5.2-1.el8 baseos 421 k
gcc-toolset-10-gcc x86_64 10.2.1-8.2.el8 appstream 31 M
gcc-toolset-10-libstdc++-devel x86_64 10.2.1-8.2.el8 appstream 2.9 M
gcc-toolset-10-runtime x86_64 10.1-0.el8 appstream 24 k
scl-utils x86_64 1:2.0.2-14.el8 Stream-AppStream 47 k
事务概要
===================================================================================
安装 6 软件包
总下载：47 M
安装大小：123 M
14）、下载 boost 库
mkdir /usr/local/boost
cd /usr/local/boost
wget https://boostorg.jfrog.io/artifactory/main/release/1.73.0/source/boost_1_73_0.tar.gz
- 说明：不用解压&安装，
mysql-8.0.25版匹配boost版本是boost_1_73_0
四）、【MySQL】源码编译&安装：
15）、创建 mysql 安装目录：
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
16）、创建 MySQL 系统用户（并限制该用户登录系统）
groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
17）、下载 mysql-8.0.25 源码版
cd /root/lanmpp
wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.25.tar.gz
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.25.tar.gz
rm -rf mysql-8.0.25.tar.gz
cd mysql-8.0.25/
18）、预编译&安装 mysql
cmake -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=/usr/share/man \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/opt/rh/gcc-toolset-10/root/usr/bin/gcc \
-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/opt/rh/gcc-toolset-10/root/usr/bin/g++ \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1 \
-DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql
echo $?
0
make -j 4
make instal
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五）、配置【MySQL】& 初始化【MySQL】数据库：
19）、更改【MySQL】安装目录的用户归属
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
20）、创建数据库目录 & 设置【MySQL】数据库用户归属 & 权限
mkdir -p /data/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
ls -lrt /usr/local/mysql
21）、初始化【MySQL】数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
=========================================================================================================
//[Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: s0>hol&pFIoi
//从上面的打印信息中可以看：初始化【MySQL】数据库后，得到【root】用户的临时密码：s0>hol&pFIoi
- 注：【–initialize】表示默认生成密码，【 --initialize-insecure】 表示不生成密码，密码为空，【–datadir】目录下不能有数据文件
22）、创建&设置【MySQL】配置文件 my.cnf
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.old
vim /etc/my.cnf
# Example MySQL config file for small systems.
#
# This is for a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used
# from time to time and it's important that the mysqld daemon
# doesn't use much resources.
#
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, see:
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
#配置mysql的文件夹 和 mysql data目录
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
default-storage-engine = INNODB
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16K
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 4
sort_buffer_size = 64K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K
net_buffer_length = 2K
thread_stack = 128K
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (using the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
server-id = 1
# Uncomment the following if you want to log updates
#log-bin=mysql-bin
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
#binlog_format = mixed
# Causes updates to non-transactional engines using statement format to be
# written directly to binary log. Before using this option make sure that
# there are no dependencies between transactional and non-transactional
# tables such as in the statement INSERT INTO t_myisam SELECT * FROM
# t_innodb; otherwise, slaves may diverge from the master.
#binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates=TRUE
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
binlog_format=ROW
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 2G
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
chmod 664 /etc/my.cnf
六）、【MySQL】启动 & 环境变量设置：
23）、设置【MySQL】启动脚本
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
24）、设置【MySQL】 开机自启动
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
25）、添加【MySQL】至环境变量
echo export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile
七）、启动 & 停止和重启【MySQL】服务：
26）、启动【MySQL】
- 使用
safe_mysqld启动MySQL
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
//太慢了，不建议使用...
- 使用
mysqld脚本启动MySQL
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
//Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
- 使用
service启动MySQL服务
service mysqld start
MySQL服务多实例启动 & 停止
mysqld_multi start //多实例启动`MySQL`
mysqld_multi stop //多实例停止`MySQL`
27）、停止【MySQL】
- 使用
mysqld脚本停止MySQL
/etc/inint.d/mysql stop
- 使用
service停止MySQL服务
service mysql stop
- 使用
mysqladmin后台停止MySQL服务
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown
mysqladmin shutdown
- 注：停止 & 关闭
mysql，最好别用killall方式
killall mysqld
killall -9 mysqld
pkill -9 mysqld
28）、重启 MySQL 服务
- 使用
mysqld脚本重启MySQL
/etc/inint.d/mysql restart
- 使用
service重启MySQL服务
service mysqld restart
八）、查看 【MySQL】端口 & 服务进程状态
29）、查看 MySQL 服务端口
netstat -tunpl | grep 3306
//打印结果：
tcp6 0 0 :::33060 :::* LISTEN 224664/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 224664/mysqld
30）、查看 MySQL 服务进程状态
- 带目录 & 日志查看
ps -ef | grep mysql
- 使用
service查看MySQL服务进程状态
service mysqld status
//SUCCESS! MySQL running (224664)
- 使用
mysqld查看MySQL服务进程状态
systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; generated)
Active: active (exited) since Fri 2021-08-06 18:48:10 CST; 14min ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 224315 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld stop (code=exited, status=0/SUC>
Process: 227547 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/S>
Tasks: 0 (limit: 23364)
Memory: 0B
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
九）、【MySQL】基本操作：
31）、登录 【MySQL】
mysql -uroot -p's0>hol&pFIoi'
32）、修改【MySQL】root 用户初始密码
mysql>alter user root@'localhost' identified by "123322";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
- 退出后重启
MySQL
mysql> \q //或exit退出
service mysqld restart
33）、实际简单操作【MySQL】
- 用新密码登录
MySQL
mysql -uroot -p'123456'
//以下的警告（命令行输入密码不安全），在非共用mysql的情况下，可以无视...
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
34）、创建【MySQL】数据库 test，并【指定字符集 utf8mb4】
mysql> create database test character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
- 查看创建的【MySQL】数据库
test
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
35）、创建【MySQL】用户并授予全局 & 远程登录权限
- 创建【MySQL】本地用户 & 查看该用户权限 & 密码
CREATE USER 'hhdata' @' localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123322';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> SELECT host, user, '123322' FROM user WHERE user='hhdata';
+-----------+--------+----------+
| host | user | 123322 |
+-----------+--------+----------+
| localhost | hhdata | 123322 |
+-----------+--------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 设置该用户【MySQL】全局 & 远程登录权限
mysql> create user hhdata@'%' identified by '123322';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
grant all privileges on test.* to hhdata;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- 查看【MySQL】用户 & 某个用户的权限
mysql> select user host from mysql.user;
+------------------+
| host |
+------------------+
| hhdata |
| hhdata |
| mysql.infoschema |
| mysql.session |
| mysql.sys |
| root |
+------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for 'hhdata'@'%';
+--------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for hhdata@% |
+--------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `hhdata`@`%` |
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `test`.* TO `hhdata`@`%` |
+--------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
- 退出后重启
MySQL
mysql> quit
Bye
service mysqld restart
//Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!
//Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
36）、【Navicat 15 for MySQL】远程连接 & 登录测试
- 远程连接 & 登录成功！
- 至此！VM虚拟机源码编译安装【MySQL-8.0.25】完美成功！
- 说明：按本文方法安装【MySQL-8.0.26】时却有报错，目前还不知道是何原因，待问题解决了再分享…
- 有点难度，耗时也很长，发文辛苦！如果对你有帮助，就请点个赞！留下你的高见呗…
- 更多【IT&编程】知识内容，请关注本人【sngee】的博客…
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