2012-01-31 学习笔记

1.   Comprehend V$PROCESS VIEW

2.   Comprehend PSEUDO PROCESS

3.   Comprehend Database Process and how to related Operation System Process

4.   Comprehend V$SESSION and V$PROCESS of relation

5.   启动过程中，Oracle9i选择参数文件的顺序    

[oracle@myCentOs dbs]$ ls
    initdenver.ora  initdw.ora  init.ora  lkDENVER  orapwdenver  spfiledenver.ora  spfile.ora

SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      ?/dbs/spfile@.ora

[oracle@myCentOs dbs]$ mv spfiledenver.ora spfiledenver_bak.ora
[oracle@myCentOs dbs]$ ls
initdenver.ora  initdw.ora  init.ora  lkDENVER  orapwdenver  spfiledenver_bak.ora  spfile.ora

SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      ?/dbs/spfile.ora

[oracle@myCentOs dbs]$ mv spfile.ora spfile_bak.ora
[oracle@myCentOs dbs]$ ls
initdenver.ora  initdw.ora  init.ora  lkDENVER  orapwdenver  spfile_bak.ora  spfiledenver_bak.ora

SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string

Conclusion: spfile<ORACLE_SID>.ora > spfile.ora > init<ORACLE_SID>.ora

[oracle@myCentOs dbs]$ mv initdenver.ora initdenver_bak.ora
[oracle@myCentOs dbs]$ ls
initdenver_bak.ora  initdw.ora  init.ora  lkDENVER  orapwdenver  spfile_bak.ora  spfiledenver_bak.ora

SQL> startup nomount
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/oracle/dbs/initdenver.ora'

Conclusion: If  the above three file does not exists, oracle will not create and start instance.

6.  Comprehend show parameter SPFILE

SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      ?/dbs/spfile@.ora

Notication:

? : ORACLE_HOME

@ : SID

7. Comprehend parameter file path

UNIX/Linux parameter file path:        $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

Windows parameter file path:           $ORACLE_HOME/database

8. Instance Startup and minimun parameter demand

In the parameter, the parameter DB_NAME is the least parameters, set the parameter, the database instance may start up. for example:

CentOs4.9:

SQL> startup nomount
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/oracle/dbs/initdenver.ora'
SQL> ! echo "db_name=denver" > /u01/oracle/dbs/initdenver.ora

[oracle@myCentOs dbs]$ ls
initdenver_bak.ora  initdenver.ora  initdw.ora  init.ora  lkDENVER  orapwdenver  spfile_bak.ora  spfiledenver_bak.ora
[oracle@myCentOs dbs]$ vi initdenver.ora

db_name=denver
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"initdenver.ora" 1L, 15C                                                                                                   1,1           All

SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area   97588504 bytes
Fixed Size                   451864 bytes
Variable Size              46137344 bytes
Database Buffers           50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes

查看告警文件：
 SQL> show parameter dump

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
background_core_dump                 string      partial
background_dump_dest                 string      ?/rdbms/log
core_dump_dest                       string      ?/dbs
max_dump_file_size                   string      UNLIMITED
shadow_core_dump                     string      partial
user_dump_dest                       string      ?/rdbms/log

[oracle@myCentOs log]$ vi alert_denver.log

Mon Jan 30 01:29:59 2012
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
SCN scheme 2
Using log_archive_dest parameter default value
LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 9.2.0.4.0.
System parameters with non-default values:
  db_name                  = denver
PMON started with pid=2
DBW0 started with pid=3
LGWR started with pid=4
CKPT started with pid=5
SMON started with pid=6
RECO started with pid=7