代码添加constraint，设置translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints为NO的原因

代码addSubview，如果想用相对布局，记得 subview的translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints设置为NO，否则会有autoresize生成的constraints，导致冲突；

而在Interface Builder中勾选了Ues Autolayout,IB生成的控件的translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints属性都会被默认设置NO.

在用代码为控件添加NSLayoutConstraint的时候，有时会遇到以下错误：

Unable to simultaneously satisfy constraints.

Probably at least one of the constraints in the following list is one you don't want. Try this: (1) look at each constraint and try to figure out which you don't expect; (2) find the code that added the unwanted constraint or constraints and fix it. (Note: If you're seeing NSAutoresizingMaskLayoutConstraints that you don't understand, refer to the documentation for the UIView property translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints) 

这种错误在编译阶段又无法被查出。这时，我们在检查了自己的constraint之后，确认constraint没有逻辑错误，可能就是没有在对应的view添加以下代码

[view setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints:NO];

那这一行代码有何作用呢？

在Programming IOS 7（第四版）有这么一段话：

Layout is performed in three primary ways:

Manual layout

       The superview is sent the layoutSubviews message whenever it is resized; so, to

       lay out subviews manually, provide your own subclass and override layout-

       Subviews. Clearly this could turn out to be a lot of work, but it means you can do

       anything you like.

Autoresizing

......

Autolayout

......

就是说layout有三种方式：Manual layout，Autoresizing，Autolayout。我们常用的可能就后面两种。

假设v1是一个不使用autolayout的view，而v2是一个使用autolayout的view，但v1成为v2的subview时，

v2需要四条隐含的constraint来确定v1的位置，这些约束都是从v1的frame转化而来：

This conversion is performed only if the view in question has its translates-

AutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints property set to YES. That is, in fact, the default if

the view came into existence either in code or by instantiation from a nib where “Use

Auto Layout” is not checked. The assumption is that if a view came into existence in

either of those ways, you want its frame and autoresizingMask to act as its constraints

if it becomes involved in autolayout.

[objc]  view plain copy

1. - (void)viewDidLoad {  
2.     [super viewDidLoad];  
3.       
4.     [self.view setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints:NO];  
5.     self.v1 = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(200, 200, 100, 100)];  
6.     self.v1.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];  
7.       
8.     self.v2 = [UIView new];  
9.     self.v2.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];  
10.     [self.view addSubview:self.v2];  
11.     self.v2.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;  
12.     //self.v1.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;  
13.     NSDictionary * viewDic = [[NSDictionary alloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:self.v2,@"v2", self.v1,@"v1",nil];  
14.     [self.view addConstraints:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:|-100-[v2]-100-|" options:0 metrics:nil views:viewDic]];  
15.     [self.view addConstraints:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-100-[v2]-100-|" options:0 metrics:nil views:viewDic]];  
16.       
17.       
18.     [self.v2 addSubview:self.v1];  
19.     [self.v2 addConstraints:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:|-100-[v1]-100-|" options:0 metrics:nil views:viewDic]];  
20.   
21. }  

上面代码会产生以下错误(Unable to simultaneously satisfy constraints.) ,即不能满足所有约束。容易看出，添加在v2上的constraint没有问题。是v1的隐含constraint和后来添加的constriaint产生了冲突

但是v1还能显示，（这个问题还没想明白）：

但是去掉下面这一行的注释，再运行

[objc]  view plain copy

1. //self.v1.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;  

v1无法显示：

显然，v1在translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints 设置为NO之后，没有添加隐含constraint，而代码添加的constraint又不足以确定v1的位置和大小，所以v1无法显示;

由于代码添加constraint很难检查出错误，所以我尽量避免代码编写constraint。但storyboard有时操作又比较麻烦，且不够灵活，有时就需要自己添加部分的代码来弥补storyboard的不足。

比如，我们要添加十几个按钮，这些按钮功能有基本一致，样式也一样，这时用storyboard编写就显得麻烦。以下代码向一个view中添加了12个按钮。并设置了他们的constraint

[objc]  view plain copy

1. <span style="font-size:14px;">- (void)viewDidLoad {  
2.     [super viewDidLoad];  
3.       
4.     [self.view setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints:NO];  
5.     NSDictionary * keyDetail;  
6.     UIView * secondItem = self.view;  
7.     keyDetail = [[NSDictionary alloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:  
8.                  @"F1",@"101",  
9.                  @"F2",@"102",  
10.                  @"F3",@"103",  
11.                  @"F4",@"104",  
12.                  @"F5",@"105",  
13.                  @"F6",@"106",  
14.                  @"F7",@"107",  
15.                  @"F8",@"108",  
16.                  @"F9",@"109",  
17.                  @"F10",@"110",  
18.                  @"F11",@"111",  
19.                  @"F12",@"112",  
20.                  nil nil];  
21.     CGFloat keyHeightParameter = 30.0;  
22.     CGFloat keyWidthParameter = 10;  
23.     CGFloat keyspaceHorizontal = keyWidthParameter*keyDetail.count/(keyDetail.count+1);  
24.     CGFloat keyspaceVertical = 200.0;  
25.     int i;  
26.     for(i = 1; i <= keyDetail.count; i++)  
27.     {  
28.         UIButton * key = [[UIButton alloc]init];  
29.         key.tag = i+100 ;  
30.           
31.         [key setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints:NO];  
32.           
33.         [key setTitle:[keyDetail valueForKey:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%i",i+100]] forState:UIControlStateNormal];  
34.         [key setTitleColor:[UIColor colorWithRed:49.0/255.0 green:69.0/255.0 blue:116.0/255.0 alpha:1.0] forState:UIControlStateNormal];  
35.         [key setTitleColor:[UIColor colorWithRed:49.0/255.0 green:69.0/255.0 blue:116.0/255.0 alpha:1.0] forState:UIControlStateSelected];  
36.         key.titleLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:14.0];  
37.         [key setBackgroundColor:[UIColor whiteColor]];  
38.         key.layer.borderColor = [UIColor grayColor].CGColor;  
39.         key.layer.borderWidth = 0.5;  
40.         key.layer.cornerRadius = 10;  
41.           
42.         [self.view addSubview:key];  
43.         if (secondItem == self.view)  
44.         {  
45.             [self.view addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:key attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeading  
46.                                                                   relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual  
47.                                                                      toItem:secondItem  
48.                                                                   attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeading  
49.                                                                  multiplier:1 constant:keyspaceHorizontal]];  
50.         }  
51.         else  
52.         {  
53.             [self.view addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:key attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeading  
54.                                                                   relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual  
55.                                                                      toItem:secondItem  
56.                                                                   attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTrailing  
57.                                                                  multiplier:1 constant:keyspaceHorizontal]];  
58.         }  
59.           
60.         [self.view addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:key attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTop  
61.                                                               relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual  
62.                                                                  toItem:self.view attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTop  
63.                                                              multiplier:1.0 constant:keyspaceVertical]];  
64.         [self.view addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:key  
65.                                                               attribute:NSLayoutAttributeWidth  
66.                                                               relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual  
67.                                                                  toItem:self.view attribute:NSLayoutAttributeWidth  
68.                                                              multiplier:1.0/keyDetail.count constant:-keyWidthParameter]];  
69.         [key addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:key  
70.                                                         attribute:NSLayoutAttributeHeight  
71.                                                         relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual  
72.                                                            toItem:nil  
73.                                                         attribute:NSLayoutAttributeNotAnAttribute  
74.                                                        multiplier:1.0 constant:keyHeightParameter]];  
75.           
76.         secondItem = key;  
77.     }  
78. }</span>  

效果如下：

landscape：

portrait：

在这个过程中遇到一个错误：

        The view hierarchy is not prepared for the constraint:

        这种错误一般都是constrain与控件不对应，或者是subview没有加到superview中。