httpd 搭建手册
- 安装包准备
httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz(httpd 代理) openssl-1.1.1.tar.gz(需要加密传输时安装) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm(根据具体系统,若有 libstdc++库的话,不用安装,查看命令$ rpm -q libstdc++) mod_wl_22.so(httpd 交给 weblogic_module 管理) mod_headers.so(请求源管理)
- 安装教程
解压 httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz,解压命令为
& tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz
进入解压文件
& cd httpd-2.2.31
配置安装路径以及关联脚本
& ./configure --prefix=/apache/httpd --enable-so --enable-mods-shared='proxy proxy_http proxy_connect' (/apache/httpd 配置安装路径)
安装 $ make && make install
若没有 libstdc++库,则安装 libstdc++库,
$ rpm –ivp compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
启动 httpd,
& /apache/httpd/bin/apachectl start
查看是否启动成功
& ps -ef|grep httpd(若启动失败,查看安装目录/apache/httpd 下的 logs 文夹下的错误信息)
检测是否安装成功:在浏览器输入 IP,端口为 80,比如:http://10.1.85.41 ,若显示 It work, 即安装成功
3. 配置教程进入第三方模块目录:
$ cd /apache/httpd/modules
查看是否安装第三方库 so 文件 mod_headers.so 与 mod_wl_22.so,若没有,拷贝准备的安装包的文件对应到此目录进入配置文件目录:
$ cd /apache/httpd/conf/
编辑配置文件:
$ vi httpd.conf(编辑之前先备份一份 cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak_defalult)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LoadModule weblogic_module modules/mod_wl_22.so
LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so
Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
#静态文件目录,放在/apache/web 目录下面
DocumentRoot "/apache/web"
#访问权限控制
<Directory "/apache/web">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
#服务器名称
ServerName ip/domain
<IfModule alias_module>
#访问别名,或者代理到指定服务器
Alias /resources /apache/web/resources
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/apache/httpd/cgi-bin/"
</IfModule>
#文件尾部添加
ServerSignature Off
ServerTokens Prod
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------编辑
& vi /apache/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf (编辑之前先备份)
#监听的端口
NameVirtualHost *:8801
NameVirtualHost *:8802
#端口代理匹配正则
<VirtualHost *:8801>
<IfModule mod_weblogic.c>
WebLogicHost ip
WebLogicPort 8801
MatchExpression /open-inmanage/*.do
</IfModule>
ErrorLog "|/apache/httpd/bin/rotatelogs
/apache/logs/open-inamange/error.%Y%m%d.log 86400 +480"
CustomLog "|/apache/httpd/bin/rotatelogs
/apache/logs/open-inamage/access.%Y%m%d.log 86399 +480" common
</VirtualHost>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
编辑完后重启服务 $ /apache/httpd/bin/apachectl restart
查看服务启动情况$ ps -ef|grep httpd
查看日志:$ tail -f /apache/httpd/logs/access.log
4. 下面是编辑文件内容部分解析:
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2> for detailed information. # In particular, see # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/directives.html> # for a discussion of each configuration directive. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so 'log/access_log' # with ServerRoot set to '/www' will be interpreted by the # server as '/www/log/access_log', where as '/log/access_log' will be # interpreted as '/log/access_log'.
# # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path. If you point # ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to point the LockFile directive # at a local disk. If you wish to share the same ServerRoot for multiple # httpd daemons, you will need to change at least LockFile and PidFile. # |
ServerRoot "/apache/httpd" #apache 安装目录
#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or # ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost> # directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80 # 监听端口,若没有写 ip,则监听所有端口
#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used. # Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need # to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
# 加载动态模板
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_scgi_module modules/mod_proxy_scgi.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
<IfModule !mpm_netware_module>
<IfModule !mpm_winnt_module>
#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run # httpd as root initially and it will switch.
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. # It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for # running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User daemon # 守护进程
Group daemon
</IfModule>
</IfModule>
# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main' # server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a # <VirtualHost> definition. These values also provide defaults for # any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers, # in which case these default settings will be overridden for the # virtual host being defined.
#
#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents. e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin you@example.com
#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself. # This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify # it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80 #服务器有域名填写域名,没域名填写 ip
#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your # documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but # symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/apache/httpd/htdocs" # 根文件目录
#
# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect
# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that # directory (and its subdirectories).
#
# First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of # features.
#
<Directory /> #根目录代理拒绝
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
</Directory>
#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as # you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it # below.
#
#
# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.
#
<Directory "/apache/httpd/htdocs"> # 目录代理权限过滤
#
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", # or any combination of:
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" # doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options # for more information.
#
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
# Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
AllowOverride None
#
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
#
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory # is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>
#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients.
#
<FilesMatch "^\.ht"> # 正则文件过滤
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
Satisfy All
</FilesMatch>
#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log" #错误日志文件路径
#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn
<IfModule log_config_module> # 日志文件格式过滤
#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below).
#
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
<IfModule logio_module>
# You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
</IfModule>
#
# The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
# If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
# container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do* # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be # logged therein and *not* in this file.
#
CustomLog "logs/access_log" common #自定义格式
#
# If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
#
#CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
</IfModule>
<IfModule alias_module> # 别名设置,设置访问非本地
#
# Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
# Example:
# Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar
#
# Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
# Example:
# Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
#
# If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
# require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to # the filesystem path.
#
# ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
# ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
# documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the # client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias # directives as to Alias.
#
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/apache/httpd/cgi-bin/"
</IfModule>
<IfModule cgid_module>
#
# ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX # socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid.
#
#Scriptsock logs/cgisock
</IfModule>
#
# "/apache/httpd/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased # CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
<Directory "/apache/httpd/cgi-bin"> # cgi 代理
AllowOverride None
Options None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
#
# DefaultType: the default MIME type the server will use for a document
# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
# a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications
# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text.
#
DefaultType text/plain
<IfModule mime_module>
#
# TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from # filename extension to MIME-type.
#
TypesConfig conf/mime.types
#
# AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
#
#AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
#
# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
#
#AddEncoding x-compress .Z
#AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
#
# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
#
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
#
# AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
# or added with the Action directive (see below)
#
# To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
# (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
#
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
# For type maps (negotiated resources):
#AddHandler type-map var
#
# Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
#
# To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
# (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
#
#AddType text/html .shtml
#AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>
#
# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the # contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
#
#MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#
#
# MaxRanges: Maximum number of Ranges in a request before # returning the entire resource, or one of the special # values 'default', 'none' or 'unlimited'.
# Default setting is to accept 200 Ranges.
#MaxRanges unlimited
#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall is used to deliver
# files. This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted # filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise # broken on your system.
#
#EnableMMAP off
#EnableSendfile off
# Supplemental configuration
#
# The configuration files in the conf/extra/ directory can be
# included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of # the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as # necessary.
# Server-pool management (MPM specific)
#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
# Multi-language error messages
#Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
# Fancy directory listings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
# Language settings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
# User home directories
#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
# Real-time info on requests and configuration
#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
# Virtual hosts
#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
# Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual
#Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
# Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV)
#Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
# Various default settings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections
#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
#
# Note: The following must must be present to support
# starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent # but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl.
#
<IfModule ssl_module> # ssl 自由加密
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
</IfModule>