Python的DAQ数据采集

1.DAQ的driver下载 https://knowledge.ni.com/KnowledgeArticleDetails?id=kA00Z0000019Pf1SAE&l=zh-CN

2.github 里的下载，读使用说明read.me

https://github.com/zsl10100808/nidaqmx-python/blob/master/README.rst

按照操作配置，使用python 相应命令实现数据连续采集

3.python程序

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# from pyqtgraph.Qt import QtCore, QtGui
import sys
from pyqtgraph.Qt import QtGui, QtCore
import pyqtgraph as pg
import pprint
import nidaqmx
from nidaqmx.constants import AcquisitionType, TaskMode
from nidaqmx.errors import DaqError
import numpy as np
from scipy.io import savemat
from scipy import signal
from time import sleep
import datetime
pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=4)# print setup
system = nidaqmx.system.System.local()
try:
    dev = system.devices.device_names[1]#according to the device number
    print(dev)

except:
    print("check Nidaqmx driver or python version3.x or DO YOU connect the DAQ?")
    sys.exit()


# plot cure sim

# QtGui.QApplication.setGraphicsSystem('raster')
app = QtGui.QApplication([]) #GUI 
win = pg.GraphicsLayoutWidget(show=True, title="Basic plotting examples")
win.resize(1000, 600) #1000*600 
win.setWindowTitle('pyqtgraph example: Plotting')

# Enable antialiasing for prettier plots
pg.setConfigOptions(antialias=True)

p1 = win.addPlot(title="mmg updating plot")
# define a filter，filter from scipy signal 
b, a = signal.butter(8, [0.01, 0.2], 'bandpass')

filtered_data = {'ch1': [], 'ch2': [], 'ch3': [], 'ch4': []}
"""
setup require task and then get data，dictionary
"""


with nidaqmx.Task() as task:
    task.ai_channels.add_ai_voltage_chan(dev+"/ai0:3")

    task.timing.cfg_samp_clk_timing(
        rate=200, sample_mode=AcquisitionType.CONTINUOUS)
    # freq=1k,continuously get data
    # Python 2.X does not have nonlocal keyword.
    non_local_var = {'ch1': [], 'ch2': [], 'ch3': [], 'ch4': []}

    w_start = 0
    window = 30

    def callback(task_handle, every_n_samples_event_type,
                 number_of_samples, callback_data):
        # print('Every N Samples callback invoked.')

        samples = np.array(task.read(number_of_samples_per_channel=200))
        #tranfer to array
        # print(np.shape(samples))
        non_local_var['ch1'].extend(samples[0, :])
        non_local_var['ch2'].extend(samples[1, :])
        non_local_var['ch3'].extend(samples[2, :])
        non_local_var['ch4'].extend(samples[3, :])
        data_ = signal.filtfilt(b, a, samples)
        filtered_data['ch1'].extend(data_[0, :])
        filtered_data['ch2'].extend(data_[1, :])
        filtered_data['ch3'].extend(data_[2, :])
        filtered_data['ch4'].extend(data_[3, :])
        # print(data_filtered)
        return 0

    task.register_every_n_samples_acquired_into_buffer_event(
        200, callback)

    task.start()

    curve1 = p1.plot(non_local_var['ch1'], pen=(255, 0, 0), name="channel1")
    curve2 = p1.plot(non_local_var['ch2'], pen=(0, 255, 0), name="channel2")
    curve3 = p1.plot(non_local_var['ch3'], pen=(0, 0, 255), name="channel3")
    curve4 = p1.plot(non_local_var['ch4'], pen=(127, 127, 0), name="channel4")
    #ch1 use channel1 ,pen  color

    p1.setXRange(0, 500) # data range 
    start_time = pg.ptime.time()
    win.nextRow()
    p2 = win.addPlot()
    curve1_filtered = p2.plot(
        filtered_data['ch1'], pen=(255, 0, 0), name="channel1")
    curve2_filtered = p2.plot(
        filtered_data['ch2'], pen=(0, 255, 0), name="channel2")
    curve3_filtered = p2.plot(
        filtered_data['ch3'], pen=(0, 0, 255), name="channel3")
    curve4_filtered = p2.plot(
        filtered_data['ch4'], pen=(127, 127, 0), name="channel4")

    p2.setXRange(0, 500)

    def update():
        global curve1, curve2, curve3, curve4, window, p1, w_start, p2, curve1_filtered, curve2_filtered, curve3_filtered, curve4_filtered
        curve1.setData(non_local_var['ch1'][w_start:-1])
        curve2.setData(non_local_var['ch2'][w_start:-1])
        curve3.setData(non_local_var['ch3'][w_start:-1])
        curve4.setData(non_local_var['ch4'][w_start:-1])

        curve1_filtered.setData(filtered_data['ch1'][w_start:-1])
        curve2_filtered.setData(filtered_data['ch2'][w_start:-1])
        curve3_filtered.setData(filtered_data['ch3'][w_start:-1])
        curve4_filtered.setData(filtered_data['ch4'][w_start:-1])

        # acummlite the curve
        # curve1.setData(non_local_var['ch1'])
        # curve2.setData(non_local_var['ch2'])
        # curve3.setData(non_local_var['ch3'])
        # curve4.setData(non_local_var['ch4'])

        w_start = w_start+window
        # p1.enableAutoRange('xy',False)## stop auto scaling
        # print(pg.ptime.time()-start_time)
    timer = QtCore.QTimer()
    timer.timeout.connect(update)# connect
    sleep(0.5)  # delay x s
    print(pg.ptime.time()-start_time)
    timer.start(1000)  # every x ms go to func update
    input('Running task. Press Enter to stop and see number of '
          'accumulated samples.\n')#wait the input to stop 
    task.close()

print(len(non_local_var['ch1']))
today = datetime.date.today()
date = str(today)
try:
    dir_name = input('input a dir where you want to save the file:\n')
    import os
    os.chdir(dir_name)
except FileNotFoundError as e:
    print(e) 

filename = input('input a saving name:\n')
if input("save original data? y/n\n") == 'y':
    savemat('{0}_{1}_filtered.mat'.format(date, filename), non_local_var)
savemat('{0}_{1}.mat'.format(date, filename), filtered_data)

4.完成数据采集

通过输入按键的命令实现数据的task.close 

5.数据的实时显示

上面显示原始数据

下面显示滤波后的数据

注意：

1.下载好必须的python库

2.设置好update频率（太快无法显示）

3.通过定时器实现了update

4.可以通过thread线程优化

该结果用于window,同时适用于树莓派，ubuntu程序