C 标准库IO缓冲区 内核缓冲区（二）

在上一篇文章中思考了几个问题：

1 使用fputs向stdin中写入数据会发生什么

2 使用可读可写模式打开一个文件，然后调用fread和fwrite若干次后，缓冲区是如何变化的

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void printbuf(FILE *myfile){

  printf("read buffer base %p\n", myfile->_IO_read_base);  
  printf("read buffer length %d\n", myfile->_IO_read_end - myfile->_IO_read_base);  
  printf("read buffer ptr %p\n", myfile->_IO_read_ptr);  

  printf("write buffer base %p\n", myfile->_IO_write_base);  
  printf("write buffer length %d\n", myfile->_IO_write_end - myfile->_IO_write_base);  
  printf("write buffer ptr %p\n", myfile->_IO_write_ptr);  
  printf("buf buffer base %p\n", myfile->_IO_buf_base);  
  printf("buf buffer length %d\n", myfile->_IO_buf_end - myfile->_IO_buf_base);  
}


int main(){

  char buf[5];
  char *str = "lwl";

  FILE *myfile = NULL;
  myfile = fopen("myfile.txt","a+");
  if(NULL == myfile){
    printf("open file error\n");
    exit(0);
  }
  fgets(buf,5,myfile);
printf("after fgets\n");
	printbuf(myfile);
  fputs(str,myfile);
printf("after fputs\n");
	printbuf(myfile);
  return 0;
}

假设myfile.txt中的初始数据如下：

lwl@lwl:~/Documents/iotest$ od -A d -c myfile.txt 
0000000   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   0  \n   a   b   c   d   e
0000016   f   g   h   i   j  \n   9   8   7   6   5   4   3   2   1   0
0000032  \n   q   w   e   r   t   y   u   i   o   p  \n
0000044

可以看出共有44个字符，执行程序，输出如下：

after fgets
read buffer base 0xb7766000
read buffer length 44
read buffer ptr 0xb7766004
write buffer base 0xb7766000
write buffer length 0
write buffer ptr 0xb7766000
buf buffer base 0xb7766000
buf buffer length 4096
after fputs
read buffer base 0xb776602c
read buffer length 0
read buffer ptr 0xb776602c
write buffer base 0xb7766004
write buffer length 4092
write buffer ptr 0xb7766007
buf buffer base 0xb7766000
buf buffer length 4096

此时，myfile.txt中的内容如下：

lwl@lwl:~/Documents/iotest$ od -A d -c myfile.txt 
0000000   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   0  \n   a   b   c   d   e
0000016   f   g   h   i   j  \n   9   8   7   6   5   4   3   2   1   0
0000032  \n   q   w   e   r   t   y   u   i   o   p  \n   l   w   l
0000047

多了三个字符lwl，在执行程序，输出如下：

after fgets
read buffer base 0xb77ca000
read buffer length 47
read buffer ptr 0xb77ca004
write buffer base 0xb77ca000
write buffer length 0
write buffer ptr 0xb77ca000
buf buffer base 0xb77ca000
buf buffer length 4096
after fputs
read buffer base 0xb77ca02f
read buffer length 0
read buffer ptr 0xb77ca02f
write buffer base 0xb77ca004
write buffer length 4092
write buffer ptr 0xb77ca007
buf buffer base 0xb77ca000
buf buffer length 4096