Spring Cloud Feign

简介

Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端，它使得实现一个Http客户端变得简单。Feign整合了Ribbon，可以与Eureka结合，实现负载均衡的效果。

特点

• 采用注解的方式
• 整合Ribbon，具有负载均衡能力

创建一个Feign应用

1. 引入spring-cloud-starter-openfeign、spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client依赖。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.alex</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign_consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>feign_consumer</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2. 修改启动类，添加@EnableEurekaClient、@EnableDiscoveryClient、@EnableFeignClients注释。

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class FeignConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(FeignConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

3. 在application.yml中添加配置：

server:
  port: 9003
spring:
  application:
    name: feign-consumer
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:9000/eureka //Eureka服务器地址

4. 新建服务映射接口，通过@ FeignClient（“服务名”），来指定调用哪个服务

@FeignClient(value = "hello-server-provider")  //填入服务名称
public interface HelloServiceMappingFeign {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)  //服务的“/hi”接口
    String sayHiMapping();
}

5. 新建controller，将接口注入使用。

@RestController
public class HelloControllerMapping {

    @Autowired
    HelloServiceMappingFeign helloServiceMappingFeign; //注入HelloServiceMappingFeign

    @GetMapping("/hiMapping")
    public String sayHi(){
        return helloServiceMappingFeign.sayHiMapping();
    }
}

6. 结果